United States presidential election in Texas, 2008

United States presidential election in Texas, 2008
Texas
November 4, 2008
 
Nominee John McCain Barack Obama
Party Republican Democratic
Home state Arizona Illinois
Running mate Sarah Palin Joe Biden
Electoral vote 34 0
Popular vote 4,479,328 3,528,633
Percentage 55.39% 43.63%

County Results

  McCain—50-60%
  McCain—60-70%
  McCain—70-80%
  McCain—80-90%
  McCain—>90%
  Obama—50-60%
  Obama—60-70%
  Obama—70-80%
  Obama—80-90%

President before election

George W. Bush
Republican

 Elected President

Barack Obama
Democratic

The 2008 United States presidential election in Texas took place on November 4, 2008 throughout all 50 states and D.C., which was part of the 2008 United States presidential election. Voters chose 34 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.

Texas was won by Republican nominee John McCain by an 11.8% margin of victory despite "failing to deliver written certification of their nominations" on time to appear on the ballot. Barack Obama, the Democratic Party nominee and eventual President of the United States, made a similar error.[1]

Prior to the election, all 17 news organizations considered this a state McCain would win, or otherwise considered as a safe red state. This is because although the state is very diverse and has a huge Latino population, Latinos in Texas - despite being fairly Democratic - make up only 20% of the electorate. Polling throughout the state showed Republican John McCain consistently and substantially leading Democrat Barack Obama. On Election Day, McCain won the state, although his margin was less than native son George W. Bush in 2000 and 2004. This was the first election since 1996 in which the margin of victory was less than 1 million votes. With its 34 electoral votes, Texas was the largest prize for McCain in 2008.

Primaries

Campaign

Predictions

There were 17 news organizations who made state by state predictions of the election. Here are their last predictions before election day:

  1. D.C. Political Report: Republican[2]
  2. Cook Political Report: Solid Republican[3]
  3. Takeaway: Solid McCain[4]
  4. Election Projection: Solid McCain[5]
  5. Electoral-vote.com: Strong Republican[6]
  6. Washington Post: Solid McCain[7]
  7. Politico: Solid McCain[8]
  8. Real Clear Politics: Solid McCain[9]
  9. FiveThirtyEight.com: Solid McCain[10]
  10. CQ Politics: Safe Republican[11]
  11. New York Times: Solid Republican[12]
  12. CNN: Safe Republican[13]
  13. NPR: Solid McCain[14]
  14. MSNBC: Solid McCain[15]
  15. Fox News: Republican[16]
  16. Associated Press: Republican[17]
  17. Rasmussen Reports: Safe Republican[18]

Polling

McCain won every single pre-election poll. The final 3 polls averaged McCain leading 52% to 41%.[19]

Fundraising

Obama raised $20,424,500. McCain raised $17,990,153.[20]

Advertising and visits

Obama and his interest groups spent $9,917,565. McCain and his interest groups spent $33,983.[21] Both campaigns visited the state twice.[22]

Analysis

Texas, split between the south and southwest regions, has become a consistently Republican state at all levels and is the home state of then President George W. Bush. Economically and racially diverse, Texas includes a huge swath of the Bible Belt where many voters, especially those in rural Texas, identify as born-again or evangelical Christians and therefore tend to vote Republican due to the party's opposition to abortion and gay rights. Although once part of the Solid South, the last time Texas voted for a Democratic presidential nominee was Jimmy Carter in 1976.

McCain did well throughout the state, winning the vast majority of counties by double digits. He took practically every county in Eastern Texas - large regions of which once voted Democratic. All the suburbs of the major cities voted Republican by large margins. He also dominated the Texas Panhandle (including Amarillo), the Permian Basin (including Midland and Odessa) and the South Plains (including Lubbock), three of the most conservative regions in the country. He won these three regions by margins of three-to-one--his largest margin of victory in the entire country. [23] These areas had been among the first in Texas where the old-line conservative Democrats started splitting their tickets and voting Republican nationally; some counties in this region haven't supported a Democrat since Harry Truman in 1948. King County, a thinly populated county in the Panhandle, gave McCain 92.64% of the vote to Obama's 4.91%--McCain's biggest margin in any county in the nation.

Obama, however, did win major urban counties such as Dallas, Bexar and Harris counties-- home to the cities of Dallas, San Antonio, and Houston respectively. Dallas and Harris had been among the first areas of the state to turn Republican, largely due to an influx of Northern expatriates in the 1940s and 1950s. Neither county had supported a Democrat for president since 1964. Bexar had last gone Democratic in 1996.[24] Liberal whites and Hispanic voters in Dallas combined with heavy turnout of African Americans in Houston, and Hispanic turnout in San Antonio helped give Obama the edge and carry these three counties. Obama also performed strongly in Travis County, which contains the state capital of Austin. Obama also carried El Paso County, which contains the city of El Paso, due in large part to heavy support by Hispanics. Obama also carried many of the Latino-majority counties in the Rio Grande Valley along the border with Mexico, which have strongly supported Democrats for decades. Although Obama lost the rural Tarrant county, he did well in the southern and eastern parts of Fort Worth and the eastern part of Arlington.[25]

During the same election, incumbent Republican U.S. Senator John Cornyn was reelected with 54.82 percent and defeated Democrat Rick Noriega who took in 42.84 percent. Libertarian Yvonne Adams Schick received the remaining 2.34 percent. Republicans also knocked off a Democratic incumbent from Texas in the U.S. House of Representatives. At the state level, however, Democrats picked up three seats in the Texas House of Representatives and one seat in the Texas Senate.

Obama improved on Kerry's performance in Texas by 5%.

Results

United States presidential election in Texas, 2008
Party Candidate Running mate Votes Percentage Electoral votes
Republican John McCain Sarah Palin 4,479,328 55.39% 34
Democratic Barack Obama Joe Biden 3,528,633 43.63% 0
Libertarian Bob Barr Wayne Allyn Root 56,116 0.69% 0
Write-ins Write-ins Write-ins 9,373 0.12% 0
Independent Ralph Nader Matt Gonzalez 5,751 0.07% 0
Constitution Chuck Baldwin Darrell Castle 5,708 0.07% 0
Others Others Others 1,134 0.01% 0
Green Cynthia McKinney Rosa Clemente 909 0.01% 0
Totals 8,086,952 100.00% 34
Voter turnout (Voting age population) 46.8%

Results breakdown

By county

County McCain% McCain# Obama% Obama# Others% Others Total
Anderson71.4%11,88427.8%4,6300.8%14116,655
Andrews82.4%3,81617.1%7900.5%234,629
Angelina67.1%19,56932.2%9,3790.7%20529,153
Aransas68.4%6,69330.7%3,0060.8%799,778
Archer82.4%3,59517.0%7400.7%304,365
Armstrong86.5%85612.9%1280.6%6990
Atascosa55.0%5,46244.4%4,4150.6%619,938
Austin75.0%8,78624.1%2,8211.0%11411,721
Bailey69.9%1,61829.4%6820.7%162,316
Bandera74.6%6,93524.2%2,2501.2%1129,297
Bastrop53.3%13,81745.1%11,6871.6%41425,918
Baylor76.8%1,26222.3%3660.9%151,643
Bee54.8%4,47144.7%3,6450.5%418,157
Bell54.5%49,24244.7%40,4130.8%67990,334
Bexar46.8%246,27552.4%275,5270.7%3,913525,715
Blanco69.2%3,41829.7%1,4671.1%544,939
Borden87.5%31611.1%401.4%5361
Bosque75.4%5,76223.5%1,7971.1%877,646
Bowie68.7%24,16230.7%10,8150.6%20935,186
Brazoria64.3%67,51534.8%36,4800.9%945104,940
Brazos63.9%37,46534.9%20,5021.2%70658,673
Brewster47.6%1,85550.5%1,9701.9%753,900
Briscoe74.3%61724.7%2051.0%8830
Brooks24.1%55675.7%1,7470.3%62,309
Brown80.3%12,05218.8%2,8220.9%14115,015
Burleson68.2%4,54730.8%2,0531.0%656,665
Burnet71.4%12,05927.3%4,6081.3%22616,893
Caldwell52.4%6,10746.4%5,4031.2%13811,648
Calhoun59.7%4,10639.7%2,7290.6%446,879
Callahan80.3%4,58918.6%1,0631.1%645,716
Cameron35.3%26,67164.1%48,4800.7%50675,657
Camp61.3%2,79838.0%1,7340.8%354,567
Carson85.5%2,54813.6%4060.9%262,980
Cass69.9%8,27929.5%3,4900.7%7711,846
Castro68.2%1,56231.4%7190.4%102,291
Chambers75.1%9,98824.0%3,1880.9%11613,292
Cherokee71.2%11,69528.1%4,6100.7%11216,417
Childress77.6%1,78221.6%4970.7%172,296
Clay78.9%4,21320.3%1,0850.8%415,339
Cochran71.7%75826.9%2841.4%151,057
Coke79.8%1,25219.1%2991.1%181,569
Coleman81.3%3,01117.4%6431.3%483,702
Collin62.3%184,89736.8%109,0470.9%2,639296,583
Collingsworth78.9%94319.6%2341.5%181,195
Colorado69.4%5,79530.0%2,5080.6%508,353
Comal73.2%35,23325.7%12,3841.1%54148,158
Comanche73.1%3,81325.6%1,3341.3%705,217
Concho74.9%80723.9%2571.2%131,077
Cooke79.0%11,87120.3%3,0510.7%11015,032
Coryell63.0%11,55036.1%6,6190.9%16318,332
Cottle72.2%50926.5%1871.3%9705
Crane77.0%1,11921.9%3191.1%161,454
Crockett66.4%1,02633.1%5120.5%71,545
Crosby63.8%1,22135.7%6840.5%91,914
Culberson33.9%25764.8%4921.3%10759
Dallam79.9%1,26919.0%3021.1%181,589
Dallas42.0%310,00057.3%422,9890.7%5,474738,463
Dawson70.9%2,90628.1%1,1520.9%384,096
Deaf Smith73.1%3,46626.3%1,2470.7%314,744
Delta72.2%1,58026.9%5890.8%182,187
Denton61.6%149,93537.5%91,1600.9%2,168243,263
DeWitt73.8%4,88825.9%1,7160.3%226,626
Dickens75.1%73024.1%2340.8%8972
Dimmit24.4%87475.0%2,6920.6%213,587
Donley81.3%1,37417.2%2911.5%251,690
Duval24.4%1,07674.8%3,2980.8%354,409
Eastland79.4%5,16519.5%1,2711.1%736,509
Ector73.6%26,19925.6%9,1230.8%28435,606
Edwards65.0%67333.4%3461.5%161,035
El Paso33.4%61,78365.9%122,0210.8%1,429185,233
Ellis70.7%38,07828.5%15,3330.8%44253,853
Erath76.8%10,76822.3%3,1280.9%12314,019
Falls59.4%3,32839.7%2,2250.8%465,599
Fannin69.2%8,09229.6%3,4641.2%13811,694
Fayette70.8%7,58228.1%3,0141.1%11810,714
Fisher60.7%1,08338.5%6870.8%141,784
Floyd70.8%1,78429.0%7300.3%72,521
Foard60.8%32736.8%1982.4%13538
Fort Bend50.9%103,20648.5%98,3680.6%1,248202,822
Franklin75.5%3,39223.1%1,0361.4%634,491
Freestone71.4%5,20527.9%2,0340.7%497,288
Frio40.5%1,64459.2%2,4050.3%134,062
Gaines83.2%3,38516.0%6500.8%324,067
Galveston59.3%62,25839.8%41,8050.9%941105,004
Garza77.5%1,35621.4%3751.1%191,750
Gillespie77.5%9,56320.9%2,5761.6%19912,338
Glasscock90.1%5029.3%520.5%3557
Goliad62.9%2,29836.4%1,3290.8%283,655
Gonzales64.8%4,07634.5%2,1670.7%446,287
Gray85.1%6,92414.2%1,1530.7%568,133
Grayson68.5%31,13630.6%13,9001.0%44145,477
Gregg68.5%29,20330.9%13,1660.6%24142,610
Grimes66.8%5,56232.5%2,7040.7%568,322
Guadalupe65.0%30,86934.0%16,1560.9%43647,461
Hale72.1%7,17127.2%2,7080.6%649,943
Hall73.6%93025.6%3240.8%101,264
Hamilton76.1%2,87622.8%8631.0%393,778
Hansford87.9%1,84711.4%2400.7%152,102
Hardeman75.2%1,19923.4%3731.4%231,595
Hardin80.2%16,60319.0%3,9390.8%16020,702
Harris48.8%571,88350.5%590,9820.7%8,6071,171,472
Harrison65.4%17,10334.0%8,8870.6%16826,158
Hartley86.2%1,71112.6%2501.2%241,985
Haskell65.6%1,38833.0%6991.4%292,116
Hays50.2%29,63848.1%28,4311.7%98359,052
Hemphill85.7%1,34513.8%2160.6%91,570
Henderson71.9%20,85727.3%7,9130.8%22328,993
Hidalgo30.3%39,66869.0%90,2610.7%855130,784
Hill70.2%9,26428.9%3,8110.9%11313,188
Hockley75.8%5,79523.5%1,7970.7%537,645
Hood76.6%17,29922.5%5,0870.9%21022,596
Hopkins72.0%9,29927.3%3,5300.7%9012,919
Houston68.1%5,87230.8%2,6561.1%968,624
Howard72.5%7,02926.3%2,5451.2%1159,689
Hudspeth51.0%45847.9%4301.1%10898
Hunt69.7%20,57329.1%8,5941.2%35729,524
Hutchinson84.0%7,36115.1%1,3220.9%788,761
Irion78.8%64420.1%1641.1%9817
Jack83.6%2,52815.5%4700.8%253,023
Jackson73.6%3,72325.7%1,3010.7%335,057
Jasper70.6%9,02228.6%3,6580.8%9612,776
Jeff Davis60.6%74937.9%4681.5%191,236
Jefferson48.6%42,90550.8%44,8880.6%50388,296
Jim Hogg26.0%47273.6%1,3360.4%71,815
Jim Wells41.7%4,84157.8%6,7060.6%6511,612
Johnson73.3%36,68525.8%12,9120.9%45350,050
Jones72.4%4,20326.3%1,5281.3%775,808
Karnes60.4%2,73638.9%1,7600.7%314,527
Kaufman67.5%23,73531.8%11,1610.7%24935,145
Kendall77.5%12,97121.5%3,5991.1%17616,746
Kenedy46.5%9453.5%1080.0%0202
Kent76.3%34222.1%991.6%7448
Kerr74.3%16,75224.7%5,5701.0%23422,556
Kimble80.7%1,48718.6%3420.8%141,843
King92.6%1514.9%82.5%4163
Kinney58.5%90740.8%6330.7%111,551
Kleberg46.0%4,54053.2%5,2560.8%809,876
Knox72.1%98626.8%3671.1%151,368
Lamar70.5%12,95228.6%5,2430.9%16718,362
Lamb73.9%3,34425.5%1,1560.6%254,525
Lampasas74.0%5,65124.9%1,9031.0%807,634
La Salle40.2%71459.2%1,0520.6%101,776
Lavaca76.5%6,29322.7%1,8690.7%618,223
Lee67.6%4,31231.4%2,0001.0%656,377
Leon79.1%5,56620.1%1,4180.8%577,041
Liberty71.4%15,44827.7%5,9910.9%18721,626
Limestone66.4%5,07932.9%2,5160.7%577,652
Lipscomb87.0%1,09312.3%1550.6%81,256
Live Oak74.1%3,09525.1%1,0480.8%334,176
Llano75.6%7,28123.4%2,2501.0%989,629
Loving84.8%6715.2%120.0%079
Lubbock68.0%66,30431.3%30,4860.8%74497,534
Lynn69.6%1,47329.6%6270.8%162,116
Madison71.0%2,89128.1%1,1460.9%374,074
Marion60.4%2,56738.7%1,6441.0%414,252
Martin81.0%1,38918.3%3140.7%121,715
Mason72.8%1,54425.7%5461.5%312,121
Matagorda63.3%7,83535.9%4,4400.8%9812,373
Maverick21.2%2,31678.2%8,5540.6%6910,939
McCulloch75.2%2,26324.2%7280.6%193,010
Mclennan61.6%49,04437.7%29,9980.8%63279,674
McMullen74.5%40024.6%1320.9%5537
Medina66.6%10,48032.7%5,1470.7%11015,737
Menard69.9%71229.0%2951.1%111,018
Midland78.2%36,15521.0%9,6910.8%37046,216
Milam62.4%5,21736.4%3,0441.1%968,357
Mills80.5%1,75318.3%3981.2%262,177
Mitchell74.7%1,81524.1%5861.2%302,431
Montague78.6%6,24520.1%1,5971.4%1087,950
Montgomery75.9%119,88423.3%36,7030.8%1,260157,847
Moore78.8%4,28220.7%1,1230.6%325,437
Morris60.2%3,15839.2%2,0550.7%355,248
Motley87.9%52211.3%670.8%5594
Nacogdoches63.4%14,82835.9%8,3930.7%17023,391
Navarro66.2%10,81033.1%5,4000.7%11116,321
Newton65.5%3,44633.3%1,7511.2%635,260
Nolan68.8%3,48530.0%1,5211.1%575,063
Nueces51.8%52,39147.3%47,9120.9%927101,230
Ochiltree91.7%2,8517.8%2430.5%153,109
Oldham88.4%81311.1%1020.5%5920
Orange73.1%21,50926.0%7,6460.9%25129,406
Palo Pinto73.4%7,26425.3%2,4991.3%1279,890
Panola74.2%7,58225.3%2,5860.5%4810,216
Parker77.1%36,97421.9%10,5021.0%47547,951
Parmer80.0%2,96919.4%7190.7%253,713
Pecos61.8%2,48036.8%1,4761.3%544,010
Polk68.1%13,73130.9%6,2300.9%18820,149
Potter69.2%20,76129.8%8,9391.0%31330,013
Presidio27.8%48971.3%1,2520.9%161,757
Rains74.3%3,14624.7%1,0481.0%424,236
Randall80.9%41,94818.3%9,4680.8%41651,832
Reagan80.0%79519.8%1970.2%2994
Real76.0%1,23823.0%3750.9%151,628
Red River68.5%3,46130.5%1,5391.0%525,052
Reeves47.0%1,44552.2%1,6060.8%263,077
Refugio56.9%1,85542.4%1,3820.7%243,261
Roberts92.1%4777.9%410.0%0518
Robertson59.3%3,98039.9%2,6750.8%556,710
Rockwall72.7%23,30026.5%8,4920.9%27432,066
Runnels80.6%3,11818.6%7200.7%293,867
Rusk72.9%13,64626.6%4,9830.5%9318,722
Sabine76.9%3,74922.1%1,0771.0%484,874
San Augustine63.0%2,34235.7%1,3281.2%453,715
San Jacinto68.7%6,15130.4%2,7211.0%868,958
San Patricio58.0%12,40441.4%8,8540.6%13821,396
San Saba79.0%1,94119.8%4871.2%292,457
Schleicher74.4%97024.8%3240.8%101,304
Scurry79.3%4,41419.5%1,0881.2%675,569
Shackelford85.3%1,28413.8%2080.9%131,505
Shelby71.9%6,63027.6%2,5480.5%429,220
Sherman86.7%88412.5%1270.9%91,020
Smith69.4%55,18729.8%23,7260.8%64879,561
Somervell75.8%2,67722.6%7991.6%573,533
Starr15.2%1,49284.5%8,2740.3%269,792
Stephens81.4%2,86917.8%6260.9%313,526
Sterling84.0%52015.7%970.3%2619
Stonewall71.3%52428.0%2060.7%5735
Sutton75.3%1,18924.1%3810.5%81,578
Swisher66.4%1,68332.1%8131.5%392,535
Tarrant55.4%348,42043.7%274,8800.8%5,253628,553
Taylor72.3%34,31726.8%12,6900.9%43247,439
Terrell62.2%32335.8%1861.9%10519
Terry67.3%2,87932.2%1,3790.5%224,280
Throckmorton80.1%67119.8%1660.1%1838
Titus65.2%6,02834.0%3,1450.8%729,245
Tom Green70.4%27,36228.7%11,1580.9%34138,861
Travis34.4%136,98163.9%254,0171.7%6,716397,714
Trinity67.4%4,09531.7%1,9250.9%576,077
Tyler71.4%5,64427.4%2,1661.3%1007,910
Upshur74.0%11,22225.0%3,7901.0%15215,164
Upton75.0%89824.1%2880.9%111,197
Uvalde52.4%4,59047.1%4,1260.6%508,766
Val Verde44.9%5,75254.5%6,9820.7%8612,820
Van Zandt77.1%15,73422.1%4,5050.8%15620,395
Victoria66.4%19,87832.8%9,8320.7%22129,931
Walker60.7%11,62338.3%7,3341.0%18919,146
Waller53.3%8,26546.1%7,1530.6%9015,508
Ward74.0%2,66725.0%8991.0%363,602
Washington70.8%10,17628.1%4,0341.2%16714,377
Webb28.0%13,11971.4%33,4520.5%25046,821
Wharton65.4%9,43134.2%4,9370.3%5014,418
Wheeler85.4%1,91814.0%3140.6%132,245
Wichita69.0%31,73130.2%13,8680.8%38345,982
Wilbarger72.8%3,28326.5%1,1960.7%304,509
Willacy29.7%1,45669.5%3,4090.8%384,903
Williamson55.8%88,32342.7%67,6911.5%2,389158,403
Wilson66.6%10,90432.8%5,3620.6%10016,366
Winkler75.2%1,52923.5%4771.3%262,032
Wise77.4%15,97321.7%4,4710.9%19520,639
Wood76.8%13,65822.5%4,0100.7%11617,784
Yoakum80.9%1,98918.3%4500.8%192,458
Young81.3%5,94217.8%1,3030.8%607,305
Zapata32.1%91967.7%1,9390.3%82,866
Zavala15.4%59684.2%3,2630.4%173,876

By congressional district

John McCain carried 21 of the state's 32 congressional districts, including one district held by a Democrat.

District McCain Obama Representative
1st 68.93% 30.53% Louie Gohmert
2nd 59.75% 39.69% Ted Poe
3rd 57.58% 41.73% Sam Johnson
4th 69.10% 30.17% Ralph Hall
5th 63.33% 36.05% Jeb Hensarling
6th 59.77% 39.59% Joe Barton
7th 58.36% 40.94% John Culberson
8th 73.76% 25.53% Kevin Brady
9th 22.54% 77.08% Al Green
10th 54.96% 44.18% Michael McCaul
11th 75.47% 23.75% Mike Conaway
12th 62.90% 36.36% Kay Granger
13th 76.54% 22.71% Mac Thornberry
14th 66.27% 33.08% Ron Paul
15th 39.63% 59.82% Rubén Hinojosa
16th 33.57% 65.81% Silvestre Reyes
17th 67.21% 32.02% Chet Edwards
18th 22.19% 77.37% Sheila Jackson Lee
19th 71.93% 27.36% Randy Neugebauer
20th 35.65% 63.59% Charlie Gonzalez
21st 58.49% 40.71% Lamar S. Smith
22nd 58.23% 41.14% Nick Lampson (110th Congress)
Pete Olson (111th Congress)
23rd 48% 51% Ciro Rodriguez
24th 54.96% 44.37% Kenny Marchant
25th 39.71% 59.15% Lloyd Doggett
26th 58.00% 41.33% Michael C. Burgess
27th 45.98% 53.32% Solomon Ortiz
28th 43.53% 55.93% Henry Cuellar
29th 37.73% 61.65% Gene Green
30th 17.92% 81.69% Eddie Bernice Johnson
31st 57.51% 41.53% John Carter
32nd 53.03% 46.21% Pete Sessions

Electors

Technically the voters of Texas cast their ballots for electors: representatives to the Electoral College. Texas is allocated 34 electors because it has 32 congressional districts and 2 senators. All candidates who appear on the ballot or qualify to receive write-in votes must submit a list of 34 electors, who pledge to vote for their candidate and his or her running mate. Whoever wins the majority of votes in the state is awarded all 34 electoral votes. Their chosen electors then vote for President and Vice President. Although electors are pledged to their candidate and running mate, they are not obligated to vote for them.[26] An elector who votes for someone other than his or her candidate is known as a faithless elector.

The electors of each state and the District of Columbia met on December 15, 2008 to cast their votes for President and Vice President. The Electoral College itself never meets as one body. Instead the electors from each state and the District of Columbia met in their respective capitols.

The following were the members of the Electoral College from the state. All 34 were pledged to John McCain and Sarah Palin:[27][28][29]

  1. Marcia Daughtrey
  2. Virgil Vickery
  3. Charlie O'Reilly
  4. Brenda Zielke
  5. Mary Darby
  6. Melba McDow
  7. Paul Pressler
  8. Deborah Cupples
  9. Frank Alvarez
  10. Russ Duerstine
  11. Zan Prince
  12. Bruce Harris
  13. Gordon Starkenburg
  14. Sandra Cararas
  15. Donene O'Dell
  16. Larry Lovelace
  17. Nelda Eppes
  18. Kenneth Corbin
  19. Gene Ryder
  20. Robert Hierynomus
  21. Terese Raia
  22. Arturo Martinez de Vara
  23. Thomas Ferguson
  24. Robert Long
  25. Pat Peale
  26. Joel Yowell
  27. Judith Hooge
  28. Giovanna Searcy
  29. Patricia Ann Van Winkle
  30. Ronny Risinger
  31. Frank Eikenburg
  32. Genny Hensz
  33. Talmadge Heflin

References

  1. ↑ "Bob Barr sues to remove Obama, McCain from Texas ballot". 2008-09-16. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  2. ↑ "D.C.'s Political Report: The complete source for campaign summaries.". www.dcpoliticalreport.com. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  3. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on May 5, 2015. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
  4. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on April 22, 2009. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  5. ↑ "Election Projection: 2008 Elections - Polls, Projections, Results". www.electionprojection.com. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  6. ↑ "Electoral-vote.com: President, Senate, House Updated Daily". electoral-vote.com. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  7. ↑ Based on Takeaway
  8. ↑ "POLITICO's 2008 Swing State Map - POLITICO.com". www.politico.com. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  9. ↑ "RealClearPolitics Electoral College". RealClearPolitics.
  10. ↑ Based on Takeaway
  11. ↑ "CQ Presidential Election Maps, 2008". CQ Politics. Archived from the original on June 14, 2009. Retrieved December 20, 2009.
  12. ↑ Nagourney, Adam; Zeleny, Jeff; Carter, Shan (2008-11-04). "The Electoral Map: Key States". The New York Times. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
  13. ↑ "October – 2008 – CNN Political Ticker - CNN.com Blogs". CNN. October 31, 2008. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
  14. ↑ Based on Takeaway
  15. ↑ Based on Takeaway
  16. ↑ "Winning The Electoral College". Fox News. April 27, 2010.
  17. ↑ "roadto270". hosted.ap.org. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  18. ↑ "Election 2008: Electoral College Update - Rasmussen Reports™". www.rasmussenreports.com. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  19. ↑ "Election 2008 Polls". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
  20. ↑ http://www.fec.gov/DisclosureSearch/MapAppState.do?stateName=TX&cand_id=P00000001
  21. ↑ "Map: Campaign Ad Spending - Election Center 2008 from CNN.com". CNN. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
  22. ↑ "Map: Campaign Candidate Visits - Election Center 2008 from CNN.com". CNN. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
  23. ↑ Silver, Nate. "Messing With Texas". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved 2009-05-17.
  24. ↑ Leip, David. "Presidential General Election Map Comparison: Texas". Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved 2009-05-19.
  25. ↑ "Tarrant county election results by precinct, 2008".
  26. ↑ "Electoral College". California Secretary of State. Archived from the original on October 30, 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
  27. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 28, 2008. Retrieved January 2, 2009.
  28. ↑ "U. S. Electoral College 2008 Certificate". www.archives.gov. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  29. ↑ "U. S. Electoral College 2008 Certificate". www.archives.gov. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
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