Pine Brook Country Club

Pine Brook today
John Garfield from 1947's
Gentleman's Agreement movie trailer

Pine Brook Country Club began when Benjamin Plotkin purchased Pinewood Lake and the surrounding countryside on Mischa Hill in the historic village of Nichols, Connecticut. Plotkin built an auditorium with a revolving stage and forty rustic cabins and incorporated as the Pine Brook Country Club in 1930.[1] Plotkin's dream was to market the rural lakeside club as a summer resort for people to stay and enjoy theatrical productions. The Club remained in existence until major fighting broke out in Europe in the mid-1940s and was reorganized as a private lake association in 1944.

Group Theatre (New York)

Pine Brook is best known for having been the 1936 summer rehearsal headquarters of the most important experiment in the history of American Theatre.[2][3][4] The Group Theatre (New York) was formed in New York City in 1931 by Harold Clurman, Cheryl Crawford and Lee Strasberg and was made up of actors, directors, playwrights and producers.[5][6][7] During the summers spent in Connecticut, the artists would "sing for their supper" while working on works by the most important American playwrights of the time on real life subject matter which changed stage and film forever.[8]

Artists

Including and in addition to the Group Theatre, some of the artists who are known to have spent the summer at Pine Brook at one time or another were: Stella Adler, Marc Blitzstein, Roman Bohnen, Phoebe Brand, Morris Carnovsky, Lee J. Cobb, Imogene Coca, Howard Da Silva, Frances Farmer, John Garfield, Betty Garrett, Michael Gordon (film director), Will Geer, Paul Green (playwright), Judy Holliday, Elia Kazan, Canada Lee, Lotte Lenya, Robert Lewis (actor), Sanford Meisner, Harry Morgan, Clifford Odets, Luise Rainer, John Randolph (actor), Jerome Robbins, Irwin Shaw, Anna Sokolow, Ralph Steiner, Paul Strand, Franchot Tone, and Kurt Weill.[9][10][11][12][13]

Harry Morgan from 1960's Inherit the Wind
Lee J. Cobb from 1954's
On the Waterfront movie trailer
Scandals

During the summer of 1936, Paul Green, Cheryl Crawford, Kurt Weill and Weill's wife Lotte Lenya rented an old house at 277 Trumbull Avenue located two miles from Pine Brook in Bridgeport, Connecticut. It was here that Green and Weill wrote the screenplay and music for the controversial Broadway play Johnny Johnson (musical), which was titled after the most frequently occurring name on the American casualty list of World War I. It was also during this time that Lotte Lenya had her first American love affair with Paul Green. [14] [15]

Pinewood Lake Association

In 1944 Pine Brook went into receivership and was sold, reorganized and chartered as the Pinewood Lake Association, a private lake association.[16]

Notes

  1. Images of America, Trumbull Historical Society, 1997, p. 122
  2. Clurman, Harold. The Fervent Years. New York: Hill and Wang, 1945. 1968 ed., p.36 p. 172
  3. Smith, pp. 264-65
  4. The Cambridge Guide to American Theatre, Don Wilmeth, p. 21
  5. Elia Kazan:A Life, Elia Kazan, Da Capo Press, 1997, p. 152
  6. The Fervent Years: The Story of the Group Theatre and the Thirties, 1975, p. 184
  7. A Gambler's Instinct: The Story of Broadway Producer Cheryl Crawford, p. 52
  8. Kurt Weill on Stage: From Berlin to Broadway, Foster Hirsch, Hal Leonard Corporation, 2004, p. 144
  9. Pinewood Lake website retrieved on 2010-09-10
  10. Kurt Weill: An Illustrated Life, p. 345
  11. Clifford Odets: American Playwright: The Years from 1906 to 1940, p. 410
  12. Real Life Drama: The Group Theatre and America, 1931-1940, p. 212
  13. Paul Green, Playwright of the real South, p. 162
  14. Speak Low (when you speak of love): The Letters of Kurt Weill and Lotte Lenya
  15. A Southern Life: Letters of Paul Green, 1916-1981, p. 258
  16. Images of America, Trumbull Historical Society, 1997, p. 123
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