Sima Martel

Sima Martel
Sima Martel is seen in the far background, in the middle part - Sima Humboldt
Location	Venezuela, Bolívar (state), Sarisariñama
Coordinates	4°40′39″N 64°13′20″W / 4.6776°N 64.2221°W / 4.6776; -64.2221Coordinates: 4°40′39″N 64°13′20″W / 4.6776°N 64.2221°W / 4.6776; -64.2221
Depth	248 m (814 ft)
Discovery	1961
Access	By special researcher permit only

Sima Martel (Sima Menor) is an enormous sinkhole located on the summit of plateau of Sarisariñama tepui, in Bolívar State, Venezuela. It is unusual due to several factors including its enormous size and depth, location on the top of the only forested tepui and having a patch of forest on its base. Named after speleologist Édouard-Alfred Martel.

History

Together with the neighbouring Sima Humboldt it was first spotted in 1961 by pilot Harry Gibson.^[1]

It was first explored in 1971, and later was explored more thoroughly in 1976.^[2] In total there are four caves on Sarisariñama.

References

↑ Otto Huber and John J. Wurdack. History of Botanical Exploration in Territorio Federal Amazonas, Venezuela. Smithsonian Institution Press, City of Washington, 1984
↑ (In Spanish) Miguel Lentino, Diana Esclasans. "Important Areas for the Conservation of Birds in Venezuela". In: Birdlife and Conservation International. Important Areas for the Conservation of Birds in the Tropical Andes: Priority Sites for the Maintenance of Biodiversity. ("Áreas Importantes Para La Conservación De Las Aves En Venezuela". In: BirdLife International y Conservation International. Áreas Importantes para la Conservación de las Aves en los Andes Tropicales: sitios prioritarios para la conservación de la biodiversidad.) Quito, Ecuador: BirdLife International (Serie de Conservación de BirdLife No. 14), S. 621-730, 2005.

Tepuis

Brazil

Amazonas	Neblina–Aracamuni Massif Cerro de la Neblina

Roraima	Eastern Tepuis Roraima-tepui Uei-tepui Wei-Assipu-tepui

Guyana

Cuyuni-Mazaruni	Eastern Tepuis Roraima-tepui Wei-Assipu-tepui Yuruaní-tepui Maringma-tepui Mount Ayanganna Mount Venamo Mount Yakontipu

Potaro-Siparuni	Mount Kopinang Mount Wokomung

See also	Pacaraima Mountains

Venezuela¹

Amazonas	Cerro Aratitiyope Cerro Camani Cerro Guanay Cerro Tamacuari Cerro Yapacana² Cerro Yaví Cuao–Sipapo Massif Cerro Autana² Cerro Cuao Cerro Moriche Cerro Ovana Cerro Sipapo Duida–Marahuaca Massif Cerro Duida Cerro Huachamacari Cerro Marahuaca Neblina–Aracamuni Massif Cerro Aracamuni Cerro Avispa Cerro de la Neblina Parú Massif Cerro Euaja Cerro Parú Serranía Tapirapecó Sierra Unturán² Yutajé Massif Cerro Coro Coro Serranía Yutajé

Bolívar	Angasima-tepui Aprada Massif Aprada-tepui Araopán-tepui Auyán Massif Auyán-tepui Cerro El Sol Cerro La Luna Uaipán-tepui Cerro Guaiquinima² Cerro Guanacoco Cerro Ichún² Cerro Venado² Cerro Venamo² Chimantá Massif Abacapá-tepui Acopán-tepui Agparamán-tepui Amurí-tepui Apacará-tepui Chimantá-tepui Churí-tepui Murey-tepui Sarvén-tepui Tirepón-tepui Toronó-tepui Eastern Tepuis Ilú-tepui Karaurín-tepui Kukenán-tepui Roraima-tepui Tramen-tepui Uei-tepui Wadakapiapué-tepui Yuruaní-tepui Jaua Massif Cerro Jaua Cerro Sarisariñama Kurún-tepui² Los Testigos Aparamán-tepui Kamarkawarai-tepui Murisipán-tepui Tereke-yurén-tepui Ptari Massif Carrao-tepui Ptari-tepui Sororopán-tepui² Sierra de Lema² Sierra de Maigualida Sierra Marutaní² Upuigma-tepui

See also	Gran Sabana National parks of the Venezuelan Guayana Canaima Duida–Marahuaca Jaua–Sarisariñama Parima–Tapirapecó Serranía de la Neblina Yapacana Tepui caves and sinkholes Cueva del Fantasma Sima Humboldt Sima Martel Tepui waterfalls Angel Falls Cuquenán Falls Yutajé Falls

¹ List sourced from volume 1 of Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana; includes landforms that may not strictly conform to the definition of a tepui or table mountain. ² Poorly known sites or lower mountains treated as tepuis for historical reasons.

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