1853 in the United Kingdom

1853 in the United Kingdom:
Other years
1851 \| 1852 \| 1853 \| 1854 \| 1855
Sport
1853 English cricket season

Events from the year 1853 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

Monarch – Victoria
Prime Minister – The Earl of Aberdeen (Peelite)

Events

20 January — The United Kingdom annexes Lower Burma ending the Second Anglo-Burmese War.
4 February — Halifax Permanent Benefit Building Society takes its first deposits.^[1]
15 February — PS Queen Victoria sinks in a snowstorm at night entering Dublin Bay with the loss of more than 80 lives.
18 February — A treaty is signed with the United States concerning international copyright.^[2]
29 March — Manchester is granted city status by letters patent.^[3]^[4]
May — The world's first public aquarium is opened in London Zoo.^[5]
6 June — Naval fleet travels to Besika Bay to fend off Russian threats to the Ottoman Empire.^[6]
25 June — Hochster v De La Tour, a landmark case on anticipatory breach of contract in English contract law, is decided in the Court of Queen's Bench.
1 July — First constitution of the Cape Colony provides for a legislative council.^[6]
12 August — Licensing (Scotland) Act (known after its sponsor as the 'Forbes Mackenzie Act') regulates the supply of intoxicating beverages in Scotland.^[7]
September (approx.) — First pillar box on the British mainland erected in Carlisle.^[8]^[9]
28 September — Emigrant ship Annie Jane sinks in heavy seas off the Scottish island of Vatersay with the loss of 350 lives.^[10]
31 October–15 May 1854 — Lockout of Preston cotton mill workers seeking reinstatement of ten per cent of their pay; this will be Britain's longest industrial dispute up to this date.^[11]
3 December — Crimean War: a protocol is signed with France, Austria, and Prussia for restoring peace between Russia and Turkey.^[2]
14 December — Palmerston resigns as Home Secretary over demands for parliamentary reform, but changes his mind on 23 December.^[6]
15 December — The Sierra redwood Sequoiadendron giganteum is introduced to England as Wellingtonia by William Lobb.^[12]

Undated

Penal Servitude Act provides for convicted criminals to serve their entire sentence in prison, rather than suffer transportation, and also to be freed on licence.^[13]
Highland Clearances in Skye and Raasay.^[14]
West Australian becomes the first horse to win the English Triple Crown by finishing first in the Epsom Derby, 2,000 Guineas and St Leger.

Publications

Charlotte Brontë's novel Villette (published as by Currer Bell).
Mrs Gaskell's novel Ruth.
Robert Smith Surtees' comic novel Mr. Sponge's Sporting Tour.
Charlotte M. Yonge's novel The Heir of Redclyffe.^[15]

Births

29 March — Elihu Thomson, engineer and inventor (died 1937)
7 April — Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, member of the royal family (died 1884)
3 June — Flinders Petrie, Egyptologist (died 1942)
5 July — Cecil Rhodes, businessman (died 1902)

Deaths

19 August — George Cockburn, Naval commander (born 1772)
29 August — Charles James Napier, general and Commander-in-Chief in India (born 1782)
6 September — George Bradshaw, cartographer, printer and publisher (born 1801)

References

↑ Baren, Maurice (1996). How It All Began Up the High Street. London: Michael O'Mara Books. p. 58. ISBN 1-85479-667-4.
1 2 Cates, William L. R. (1863). The Pocket Date Book. Chapman and Hall.
↑ The London Gazette (1853-04-01) 21426:950.
↑ "The City of Manchester". The Guardian. Manchester. 1853-04-02. Retrieved 2016-11-14.
↑ Brunner, Bernd (2003). The Ocean at Home. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. p. 99. ISBN 1-56898-502-9.
1 2 3 Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 273–274. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
↑ Matthew, H. C. G. (2004). "Mackenzie, William Forbes (1807–1862)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/17605. Retrieved 2011-06-27. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
↑ "Icons, a portrait of England 1840–1860". Archived from the original on 17 August 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-13.
↑ Farrugia, Jean Young (1969). The Letter Box: a history of Post Office pillar and wall boxes. Fontwell: Centaur Press. ISBN 0-900000-14-7.
↑ "Annie Jane". Wreck site. Retrieved 2014-04-14.
↑ Leigh, J. S. (2008). Preston Cotton Martyrs: the millworkers who shocked a nation. Lancaster: Carnegie. ISBN 978-1-874181-45-3.
↑ Earle, Christopher J., ed. (1999-08-15). "Sequoiadendron giganteum (Lindley) Buchholz 1939". Gymnosperm Database. University of Hamburg. Retrieved 2014-07-11.
↑ "Timeline of capital punishment in Britain". Retrieved 2011-02-02.
↑ "The Skye and Raasay Clearances — 1853". Scotland's History. BBC. Retrieved 2010-10-10.
↑ Leavis, Q. D. (1965). Fiction and the Reading Public (2nd ed.). London: Chatto & Windus.

Years in the United Kingdom

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland	1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

1853 in Europe

Sovereign states	Andorra Austria Baden Belgium Denmark France Germany Greece Hungary Luxembourg Montenegro Netherlands Norway Ottoman Empire Papal States Portugal Prussia Russia San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom

Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta

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