1844 in the United Kingdom

Events from the year 1844 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

The Royal Exchange (London), opened by Queen Victoria on 28 October

28 February — The Grand National at Aintree is won by the 5/1 joint favourite Discount.
11 April — Initiation of the Ragged Schools Union.^[1]
11 May — Major fire at Lyme Regis.^[2]
6 June — George Williams founds the Young Men's Christian Association in London.^[3]
15 June — Factory Act imposes a maximum 12-hour working day for women, and a maximum 6-hour day for children aged 6 to 13.^[4]
19 July — Bank Charter Act restricts powers of British banks other than the Bank of England to issue banknotes of the pound sterling.^[5]^[6]
9 August — Imprisonment for debt abolished in England.^[7]
28 September — A blackdamp explosion at Haswell Colliery in the Durham Coalfield kills 95, with just four survivors.^[8]
28 October — The Royal Exchange in London opened by Queen Victoria.^[9]
21 December — The Rochdale Pioneers, usually considered the first successful cooperative enterprise, open their store in Rochdale, forming the basis for the modern cooperative movement.^[3]

Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge appointed as Governor-General of India.^[10]
Winsford rock salt mine opens in Cheshire; by 2014 it will be Britain's oldest working mine.^[11]
Ring of bells installed at St John the Evangelist's Church, Kirkham (Lancashire), said to be the first peal rung in an English Roman Catholic church since the Reformation.^[12]^[13]
"Surplice riots" in Exeter and London break out in opposition to supposed Catholicisation of the Church of England.

Robert Chambers' anonymous Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation, which paves the way for acceptance of Darwin's The Origin of Species.
Charles Dickens' novel Martin Chuzzlewit (complete in book form) and his Christmas novella The Chimes.
Benjamin Disraeli's novel Coningsby.
Henry Fox Talbot's book The Pencil of Nature, the first illustrated with photographs from a camera (publication commences June).
William Makepeace Thackeray's novel The Luck of Barry Lyndon (serialisation).

3 May — Richard D'Oyly Carte, theatrical impresario (died 1901)
22 July — William Archibald Spooner, scholar and Anglican priest (died 1930)
28 July — Gerard Manley Hopkins, English poet (died 1889)
6 August — Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, second son of Queen Victoria (died 1900)
29 August — Edward Carpenter, Socialist poet (died 1929)
23 October — Robert Bridges, English poet (died 1930)
25 October — Arthur William à Beckett, journalist (died 1909)
1 December — Alexandra of Denmark, queen of Edward VII (died 1925)

23 January — Francis Burdett, politician (born 1770)
15 February — Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1757)
27 July — John Dalton, chemist and physicist (born 1766)
2 November — Augustus Wall Callcott, landscape painter (born 1779)
23 November — Thomas James Henderson, astronomer (born 1798)

↑ Berry, George (1970). Discovering Schools. Tring: Shire Publications. ISBN 0-85263-091-3.
↑ The Illustrated London News 18 May 1844.
1 2 Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
↑ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 266–267. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
↑ "The Bank Charter Act 1844" (PDF). OPSI. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
↑ Bank of England. "A brief history of banknotes". Retrieved 2007-10-08.
↑ Munsell, Joel (1858). The Every Day Book of History and Chronology. D. Appleton & Co.
↑ "Haswell — the 1844 Pit Disaster". A history of Haswell. Retrieved 2010-10-15.
↑ "Royal Exchange History". Archived from the original on 14 August 2007. Retrieved 2007-10-28.
↑ Cates, William L. R. (1863). The Pocket Date Book. Chapman and Hall.
↑ "Welcome to Winsford Rock Salt Mine". Salt Union Ltd. Retrieved 2012-07-29.
↑ "St John the Evangelist, Kirkham". Taking Stock. Retrieved 2014-06-02.
↑ "History". Parish of the Holy Cross. Retrieved 2014-06-02.

Years in the United Kingdom

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland	1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

1844 in Europe

Sovereign states	Andorra Austria Baden Belgium Denmark France Germany Greece Hungary Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Ottoman Empire Papal States Portugal Prussia Russia San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom

Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta

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