1823 in the United Kingdom

1823 in the United Kingdom:
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Events from the year 1823 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

Monarch - George IV
Prime Minister - Lord Liverpool (Tory)

Events

January - The King's Library, George III's personal library of 65,000 volumes, 19,000 pamphlets, maps, charts and topographical drawings, is offered to the British Museum.
23 January - In Paviland Cave on the Gower Peninsula, William Buckland inspects the "Red Lady of Paviland", the first identification of a prehistoric (male) human burial.^[1]
20 February - Explorer James Weddell's expedition to Antarctica reaches latitude 74°15' S and longitude 34°16'45" W: the southernmost position any ship had reached before, a record that will hold for more than 80 years.
March - Royal Academy of Music opens.^[2]
17 June - Charles Macintosh patents the waterproof material later used to make Mackintosh coats.^[3]
July - Robert Peel ensures the passage of five Acts of Parliament, effectively abolishing the death penalty for over one hundred offences;^[2] in particular, the Judgement of Death Act allows judges to commute sentences for capital offences other than murder or treason to imprisonment or transportation.^[4]
4 July - Transportation Act allows convicts transported to the colonies to be employed on public works.^[2]
10 July - Gaols Act passed by Parliament, based on the prison reform campaign of Elizabeth Fry.^[2]
23 September - First Burmese War: Burmese attack the British on Shapura, an island close to Chittagong.
25 November - Opening of The Royal Suspension Chain Pier at Brighton, designed by Captain Samuel Brown, RN, the first pleasure pier on the mainland of England.^[5]
November - According to tradition, William Webb Ellis invents rugby.^[2]

Undated

Beginning of the first Anglo-Ashanti war.
Excise Act reduces duties on the distillation of whisky, encouraging its commercial production.

Publications

Thomas Campbell's poem The Last Man.
Thomas De Quincey's critical essay On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth (in The London Magazine, October).
Mrs Markham's children's A History of England from the First Invasion by the Romans to the End of the Reign of George III
Sir Walter Scott's novels Peveril of the Peak, Quentin Durward and St. Ronan's Well.
Thomas Wakley's medical journal The Lancet (first published 5 October ).

Births

3 January - Robert Whitehead, marine engineer (died 1905)
8 January - Alfred Russel Wallace, naturalist and biologist (died 1913)
13 August - Goldwin Smith, historian (died 1910)
3 September - Hardinge Giffard, 1st Earl of Halsbury, lawyer, Lord Chancellor (died 1921)

Deaths

26 January - Edward Jenner, physician and pioneer of vaccination (born 1749)
27 January - Charles Hutton, mathematician (born 1737)
7 February - Mrs Radcliffe, writer (born 1764)
26 February - John Philip Kemble, actor (born 1757)
14 March - John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent, Royal Navy admiral (born 1735)
23 April - Joseph Nollekens, sculptor (born 1737)
19 June - William Combe, writer, poet and adventurer (born 1742)
8 July - Sir Henry Raeburn, Scottish portrait painter (born 1756)
11 September - David Ricardo, economist (born 1772)
23 September - Matthew Baillie, Scottish-born physician and pathologist (born 1761)
30 October - Edmund Cartwright, clergyman and inventor of the power loom (born 1743)

References

↑ Aldhouse-Green, Stephen (October 2001). "Great Sites: Paviland Cave". British Archaeology (61). Retrieved 2010-07-16.
1 2 3 4 5 Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 252–253. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
↑ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
↑ "Timeline of capital punishment in Britain". Retrieved 2011-02-02.
↑ Drewry, Charles Stewart (1832). A Memoir of Suspension Bridges: comprising the History Of Their Origin And Progress. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman. pp. 69–74 & Plates. Retrieved 2010-08-27.

Years in the United Kingdom

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland	1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

1823 in Europe

Sovereign states	Andorra Austria Baden Denmark France Germany Greece Hungary Netherlands Norway Ottoman Empire Papal States Portugal Prussia Russia San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom

Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta

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