Wuming Mandarin

Wuming Mandarin or Wuming Guanhua (simplified Chinese: 武鸣官话; traditional Chinese: 武鳴官話; pinyin: Wǔmíng Guānhuà), known locally as Wuminghua (武鸣话; 武鳴話; Wǔmínghuà; 'Wuming speech'),[2] is a dialect of Southwestern Mandarin spoken in urban Wuming District, specifically in the towns of Chengxiang and Fucheng.[3][4][5] It is a variety that has been influenced substantially by Zhuang, which is the majority language of the district.[6][3]

Wuming Mandarin
Wuming Guanhua
武鸣官话
Native toChina
RegionWuming District
Native speakers
40,000 (2005)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3
GlottologNone

Classification

Wuming Mandarin is classified as a part of the Gui–Liu subgroup (桂柳片; Guì-Liǔ piàn) of Southwestern Mandarin.[7][8] The second edition of the Language Atlas of China further classifies it as part of the Guinan (southern Guangxi) cluster (桂南小片; Guìnán xiǎopiàn).[8]

Phonology

Initials

There are 18 phonemic initials (including the zero initial):[2]

Bilabial Alveolar Velar Glottal
Plosive plain p  t  k  ʔ 
aspirated         
Affricate plain    ts       
aspirated    tsʰ       
Fricative f  s  x    
Lateral fricative    ɬ       
Nasal  m  n  ŋ   
Lateral approximant     l      

Rimes

There are seventy (70) rimes.[2]

Tones

There are seven tones, six of which are native:[9]

NameTone letter
yin level (阴平; 陰平)˧ (33)
yang level (阳平; 陽平)˨˩ (21)
rising (上声; 上聲)˥ (55)
departing (去声; 去聲)˨˦ (24)
high entering (入声高调; 入聲高調)˥ (55)
low entering (入声低调; 入聲低調)˨˩ (21)

The other tone, ˧˥ (35), is non-native, occurs in very few words, and corresponds to the yin level (阴平; 陰平) tone in Pinghua.[9]

Notes

  1. WCAEB 2013, p. 137.
  2. Lu 2013, p. 56.
  3. WCAEB 1998, vol. 27, ch. 1, sec. 2.
  4. Lu 2012, p. 5.
  5. Huang 1997, p. 57.
  6. Huang 1997, p. 59.
  7. CASS & AAH 1987, B6.
  8. Liu 2012, p. 169.
  9. Lu 2013, p. 57.

References

  • Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Australian Academy of the Humanities (1987). 中国语言地图集 [Language Atlas of China] (in Chinese). Hong Kong: Longman Group (Far East). ISBN 0-582-99903-0.
  • Huang, Yuanwei (1997). "The Interaction between Zhuang and the Yue (Cantonese) Dialects". In Edmondson, Jerold A.; Solnit, David B. (eds.). Comparative Kadai: The Tai Branch. Dallas, TX: Summer Institute of Linguistics. pp. 57–76. ISBN 1-55671-005-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Liu, Cunhan (2012). B2—2、3、4 广西壮族自治区的汉语方言. 中国语言地图集 [Language Atlas of China] (in Chinese). 汉语方言卷 (2nd ed.). Beijing: Commercial Press. pp. 166–176. ISBN 978-7-100-07054-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Lu, Miaoyan (2012). 武鸣县城官话调查报告 [Wuming County Mandarin Investigation Report] (master's) (in Chinese). Guangxi University.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Lu, Miaoyan (2013). 武鸣县城官话同音字汇 [Homophony Syllabary of Wuming County Mandarin]. Journal of Baise University (in Chinese). 26 (5): 56–64.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Wuming County Annals Editorial Board, ed. (1998). 武鸣县志 [Wuming County Annals] (in Chinese). Nanning: Guangxi People's Publishing House. ISBN 7219036698.
  • Wuming County Annals Editorial Board, ed. (2013). 武鸣县志(1991~2005) [Wuming County Annals (1991–2005)] (in Chinese). Nanning: Guangxi People's Publishing House. ISBN 978-7-219-08337-6.
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