Jiangshan dialect

Jiangshan dialect (江山話) is a Southern Wu dialect, closely related to that of Quzhou. It is spoken in Jiangshan, a city in Quzhou prefecture.

Jiangshan dialect
江山話
Native toChina
RegionJiangshan city, Quzhou prefecture, Zhejiang province
Native speakers
approx. 500,000–600,000
Sino-Tibetan
Language codes
ISO 639-3
Glottologlong1386  Jiangshan

Phonology

Initials

  Labial Dental Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Plosive voiceless p t k
aspirated  
slack voice ɡ̊  
Affricate voiceless ts
aspirated tsʰ tɕʰ  
slack voice d̥z̥ d̥ʑ̊  
Fricative voiceless f s ɕ h
slack voice ʑ̊ ɦ
Approximant l

Finals

[ør][ɦi][vu][ɦy][tsɿ]
[lɑ][kiɑ][ŋuɑ]
[ɦæ][ɦiæ][khuæ]
[thiɛ̃][ʑyɛ̃]
[khe][kue]
[ko]
[pɐɯ][piɐɯ]
[lɯ][tɕhiɯ]
[sã][hiã][kuã]
[kɔ̃][ʑiɔ̃]
[bɐ̃][kuɐ̃]
[moŋ][ɡioŋ]
齿 [tshɿə][ŋɯə]
[kœ̃][ɕyœ̃ ]
[kiŋ][tɕhyŋ]
[paʔ][ɦiaʔ][khuaʔ]
[pœʔ][ʑyœʔ]
[nəʔ][ʑiɛʔ][ɦyɛʔ]
[ŋoʔ][ʑioʔ]
[kɔʔ][ŋyɔʔ]

Tones

Jiangshan dialect is considered to have eight tones. However, since the tone split from Middle Chinese, each character still depends on the voicing of the initial consonant. These constitute just three phonemic tones: pin, shang, and qu. (Ru syllables are phonemically toneless, as their distinctiveness lies in a final glottal stop.)

Tone chart of Jiangshan dialect
NumberTone nameTone contourExamples
1 陰平 yīn píng˦ (44)天空飛山
2 陽平 yáng píng˨˧˩ (231)南來田皮
3 陰上 yīn shàng˧˨˦ (324)紙九火口
4 陽上 yang shàng˨ (22)坐買有被
5 陰去 yīn qù˥˩ (51)菜四送去
6 陽去 yáng qù˧˩ (31)備洞路硬
7 陽入 yīn rù˦˥ʔ (45)七雪踢客
8 陽入 yáng rù˩˨ʔ (12)六肉白獨


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