Neuroma

Neuroma
Solitary circumscribed neuroma
Classification and external resources
ICD-O 9570/0
MeSH D009463

A neuroma /njuːˈrmə/ (plural: neuromata or neuromas) is a growth or tumor of nerve tissue.[1] Neuromas tend to be benign (i.e. not cancerous); many nerve tumors, including those that are commonly malignant, are nowadays referred to by other terms.

Neuromas can arise from different types of nervous tissue, including the nerve fibers and their myelin sheath, as in the case of genuine neoplasms (growths) like ganglioneuromas and neurinomas.

The term is also used to refer to any swelling of a nerve, even in the absence of abnormal cell growth. In particular, traumatic neuroma results from trauma to a nerve, often during a surgical procedure. Morton's neuroma affects the foot. Neuromas can be painful, or sometimes, as in the case of acoustic neuromas, can give rise to other symptoms.

Neoplasms

Other nerve swellings

Some of the benign varieties of neuroma, in the broadest sense of the term, are not neoplasms.

Etymology

The stem neuro- originates from the Greek word for nerve (νεῦρον), while the suffix -oma (-ωμα) denotes swelling.[7] The stem does not imply that neuromas necessarily arise from neurons; neuromas generally arise from non-neuronal nerve tissues. The word was originally used to refer to any nerve tumor, but its meaning has evolved.[7]

References

  1. "Neuroma". Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (32nd ed.). Oxford University Press. 2011. p. 5287. ISBN 978-1-4557-0985-4. Retrieved 25 August 2013.
  2. "Acoustic Neuroma". NHS Choices. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
  3. "Acoustic neuroma". PubMed Health. A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia. NLM. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  4. Gross, Kenneth (2006-09-25). "Ganglioneuroma". Retrieved 2007-05-09.
  5. Zanardi F, Cooke RM, Maiorana A, Curti S, Farioli A, Bonfiglioli R, Violante FS, Mattioli S (2011). ""Is this case of a very rare disease work-related?" A review of reported cases of Pacinian neuroma". Scand J Work Environ Health. 37 (3): 253–8. doi:10.5271/sjweh.3132. PMID 21082159.
  6. Morton's metatarsalgia at GPnotebook
  7. 1 2 "neuroma". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
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