List of Canadian Victoria Cross recipients

A black-and-white photograph of a man with a beard and short hair looking at the viewer and wearing a button-up jacket displaying four medals
Canadian William Hall was the first black recipient of the Victoria Cross.

The Victoria Cross (post-nominal letters "VC") is the highest military honour of the British Empire and the Commonwealth of Nations, being awarded only for extraordinary valour and devotion to duty while facing a hostile force. It is the highest honour in the Canadian honour system, placed before all other orders, decorations and medals, including the Order of Canada, in the Order of Precedence.[1] It was historically awarded to members of the Canadian Forces of any rank in any service, and to allies serving under or with Canadian military command;

Background

Established in 1856, the Victoria Cross has been awarded to service personnel for extraordinary valour and devotion to duty while facing a hostile force. Between 1858 and 1881 the Victoria Cross could also be awarded for actions taken "under circumstances of extreme danger" not in the face of the enemy.[2] Six people were awarded Victoria Crosses under this clause - one Irish man in 1866 for actions taken during the Fenian raids; five (a Canadian, three Irish and a English man) for a single incident in 1867 during the Andaman Islands Expedition. In 1881, VC regulations were amended to only allow acts "in the presence of the enemy".[2][3]

Since 1993, Canadians have no longer been eligible for the Victoria Cross: that medal has been superseded by the Canadian Victoria Cross – of equal honour, but yet to be awarded.[1] The Canadian medal differs only in that the inscription is in Latin rather than English; by using a language that is an ancestor of both English and French, the medal avoids linguistic discrimination between Canada's two official languages.[4]

Summary

The Victoria Cross has been presented to 96 Canadians, or people closely associated with Canada, between its creation for acts performed during the Crimean War and 1993 when the Canadian Victoria Cross was instituted. No Canadian has received either honour since 1945.[5]

The first Canadian to be awarded the Victoria Cross was Alexander Roberts Dunn for his actions at the Battle of Balaclava during the Crimean War in 1854. William Hall, a Nova Scotian, was the first black recipient of the Victoria Cross.[6] The last living Canadian recipient of the British Victoria Cross, "Smokey" Smith, died in August 2005.[7]

Seventy-one Victoria Crosses were awarded to Canadians for their actions in the First World War, and Canadians won sixteen VCs during the Second World War. The remaining recipients were awarded the medal for actions performed in the Crimean War (Battle of Balaclava), the Indian Rebellion of 1857, in a native uprising at a remote Indian Ocean island and the Second Boer War.

Timothy O'Hea, a 23-year-old Irishman in the British army, fought a fire in a railway car containing 900 kilograms of ammunition stationed at Danville, Quebec during the Fenian raids.[8] O'Hea is the only VC recipient awarded for actions on Canadian soil.[9]

Seven Canadians were awarded VCs individually on one single day, 2 September 1918, for actions they performed along the 30 km long Drocourt-Quéant Line near Arras, France: Bellenden Hutcheson, Arthur George Knight, William Henry Metcalf, Claude Nunney, Cyrus Wesley Peck, Walter Leigh Rayfield and John Francis Young. Their acts of exceptional valour were performed during Canada's Hundred Days of successful offensive campaigning that helped end the war.

Recipients

  This along with the *, indicates that the Victoria Cross was awarded posthumously

Name Date of action Conflict Unit Perpetuating UnitPlace of action Province of origin Notes
Algie, WallaceWallace Algie1918*First World War20th Battalion, CEFThe Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment) (RCAC)Cambrai, FranceOntario[10]
Barker, WilliamWilliam Barker1918First World WarNo. 201 Squadron RAF None Forêt de Mormal, FranceManitoba[11]
Barron, ColinColin Barron1917First World War3rd Battalion, CEFRoyal Regiment of CanadaPasschendaele, BelgiumOntario[12]
Bazalgette, IanIan Bazalgette1944*Second World WarNo. 115 Squadron RAF No. 115 Squadron RAF Trossy St. Maximin, FranceAlberta[13]
Bellew, EdwardEdward Bellew1915First World War7th Battalion, CEF British Columbia Regiment (Duke of Connaught's Own)Kerselaere, BelgiumBritish Columbia[14]
Bent, PhilipPhilip Bent1917*First World WarLeicestershire RegimentB Company, Second Battalion, Royal Anglian RegimentPolygon Wood, BelgiumNova Scotia[15]
Bishop, WilliamWilliam Bishop1917First World WarNo. 60 Squadron RAFNo. 60 Squadron RAFCambrai, FranceOntario[16]
Bourke, RowlandRowland Bourke1918First World WarRoyal Naval Volunteer ReserveRoyal Naval Volunteer ReserveOstend, BelgiumBritish Columbia[17]
Brereton, AlexanderAlexander Brereton1918First World War8th Battalion, CEFRoyal Winnipeg RiflesAmiens, FranceManitoba[18]
Brillant, JeanJean Brillant1918*First World War22nd Battalion, CEFRoyal 22nd RegimentMeharicourt, FranceQuebec[19]
Brown, HarryHarry Brown1917*First World War10th Battalion, CEFRoyal Winnipeg Rifles and The Calgary HighlandersLoos, FranceOntario[20]
Cairns, HughHugh Cairns1918*First World War46th Battalion, CEFSaskatchewan DragoonsValenciennes, FranceSaskatchewan[21]
Campbell, FrederickFrederick Campbell1915*First World War1st Battalion, CEFThe Royal Canadian RegimentGivenchy, FranceOntario[22]
Clark-Kennedy, WilliamWilliam Clark-Kennedy1918First World War24th Battalion, CEFVictoria Rifles of CanadaFresnes, FranceQuebec[23]
Clarke, LeoLeo Clarke1916*First World War2nd Battalion, CEFGovernor General's Foot GuardsPozières, FranceManitoba[24][note 1]
Cockburn, HampdenHampden Cockburn1900Second Boer WarRoyal Canadian DragoonsRoyal Canadian DragoonsKomati River, South AfricaOntario[25]
Combe, RobertRobert Combe1917*First World War27th Battalion, CEFRoyal Winnipeg RiflesAcheville, FranceSaskatchewan[26]
Coppins, FrederickFrederick Coppins1918First World War8th Battalion, CEFRoyal Winnipeg RiflesHackett Woods, FranceManitoba[27]
Cosens, AubreyAubrey Cosens1945*Second World WarQueen's Own Rifles of CanadaQueen's Own Rifles of CanadaMooshof, GermanyOntario[28]
Croak, JohnJohn Croak1918*First World War13th Battalion (Royal Highlanders of Canada), CEFBlack Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of CanadaAmiens, FranceNova Scotia[29].[note 2][30]
Cruickshank, RobertRobert Cruickshank1918First World WarLondon RegimentLondon RegimentJordan, PalestineManitoba[31][note 3]
Currie, DavidDavid Currie1944Second World War29th Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment (South Alberta Regiment)South Alberta Light HorseBattle of Falaise, FranceSaskatchewan[32]
de Montmorency, RaymondRaymond de Montmorency1898Battle of Omdurman21st Lancers17th/21st LancersOmdurman, SudanQuebec[33][note 4]
De Wind, EdmundEdmund De Wind1918*First World WarRoyal Irish RiflesRoyal Irish Regiment (1992)Groagie, FranceAlberta[34][note 5]
Dinesen, ThomasThomas Dinesen1918First World War42nd Battalion, CEFBlack Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of CanadaParvillers, Francen/a[35][note 6]
Douglas, CampbellCampbell Douglas1867Bravery at Sea24th Regiment of FootSouth Wales BorderersLittle Andaman, IndiaOntario[36][note 7]
Dunn, AlexanderAlexander Dunn1854Battle of Balaclava33rd Regiment of FootYorkshire RegimentBalaclava, CrimeaOntario[37][note 3]
[note 8]
Fisher, FrederickFrederick Fisher1915*First World War13th Battalion (Royal Highlanders of Canada), CEFBlack Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of CanadaSt. Julien, BelgiumOntario[38]
Flowerdew, GordonGordon Flowerdew1918*First World WarLord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians)Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians)Bois de Moreuil, FranceBritish Columbia[39]
Foote, JohnJohn Foote1942Second World War1st Battalion, The Royal Hamilton Light InfantryRoyal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment)Dieppe, FranceOntario[40]
Good, HermanHerman Good1918First World War13th Battalion (Royal Highlanders of Canada), CEFBlack Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of CanadaHangard Wood, FranceNew Brunswick[41]
Gray, RobertRobert Gray1945*Second World WarFleet Air ArmFleet Air ArmHonshū, JapanBritish Columbia[42][note 9]
Gregg, MiltonMilton Gregg1918First World WarRoyal Canadian RegimentRoyal Canadian RegimentCambrai, FranceNew Brunswick[43]
Hall, FrederickFrederick Hall1915*First World War8th Battalion (90th Winnipeg Rifles), CEFRoyal Winnipeg RiflesYpres, BelgiumManitoba[44][note 1]
Hall, WilliamWilliam Hall1857Indian rebellion of 1857HMS ShannonnoneLucknow, IndiaNova Scotia[45]
Hanna, RobertRobert Hanna1917First World War29th Battalion, CEFBritish Columbia Regiment (Duke of Connaught's Own)Lens, FranceBritish Columbia[46]
Harvey, FrederickFrederick Harvey1917First World WarLord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians)Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians)Guyencourt, FranceAlberta[47]
Hobson, FrederickFrederick Hobson1917*First World War20th Battalion, CEF Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment) (RCAC) Lens, FranceOntario[48]
Hoey, CharlesCharles Hoey1944Second World WarRoyal Lincolnshire Regiment Royal Anglian Regiment Ngakyedauk Pass, Burma (now Myanmar)British Columbia[49]
Holland, EdwardEdward Holland1900Second Boer WarRoyal Canadian Dragoons Royal Canadian Dragoons Komati River, South AfricaOntario[50]
Holmes, ThomasThomas Holmes1917First World War4th Canadian Mounted Rifles Battalion, CEF Governor General's Horse Guards Passchendaele, BelgiumOntario[51]
Honey, SamuelSamuel Honey1918*First World War78th Battalion, CEF Winnipeg Grenadiers Bourlon Wood, FranceOntario[52]
Hornell, DavidDavid Hornell1944Second World WarNo. 162 Squadron RCAF Faroes, AtlanticOntario[53]
Hutcheson, BellendenBellenden Hutcheson1918First World War75th Battalion, CEF Toronto Scottish Regiment (Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother's Own) Arras, FranceOntario[54][note 10]
Kaeble, JosephJoseph Kaeble1918*First World War22nd Battalion, CEF Royal 22e Régiment Neuville-Vitasse, FranceQuebec[55]
Kerr, GeorgeGeorge Kerr1918First World War3rd Battalion, CEF Queen's Own Rifles of Canada and Royal Regiment of Canada Bourlon Wood, FranceOntario[56]
Kerr, JohnJohn Kerr1916First World War49th Battalion, CEF Loyal Edmonton Regiment (4th Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry) Courcelette, FranceNova Scotia[57]
Kinross, CecilCecil Kinross1917First World War49th Battalion, CEF Loyal Edmonton Regiment (4th Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry) Passchendaele, BelgiumAlberta[58]
Knight, ArthurArthur Knight1918*First World War10th Battalion, CEF Royal Winnipeg Rifles and Calgary Highlanders Villers-les-Cagnicourt, FranceSaskatchewan[59]
Konowal, FilipFilip Konowal1917First World War47th Battalion, CEF Royal Westminster Regiment Lens, Francen/a[note 11]
Learmonth, OkillOkill Learmonth1917*First World War2nd Battalion, CEF The Governor General's Foot Guards Loos, FranceQuebec[59]
Lyall, GrahamGraham Lyall1918First World War102nd Battalion, CEF British Columbia Regiment (Duke of Connaught's Own) Cambrai, FranceOntario[60]
MacDowell, ThainThain MacDowell1917First World War38th Battalion, CEF Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa (Duke of Edinburgh's Own) Vimy Ridge, FranceOntario[61]
MacGregor, JohnJohn MacGregor1918First World War2nd Canadian Mounted Rifles Battalion, CEF British Columbia Dragoons Cambrai, France British Columbia[62]
Mahony, JohnJohn Mahony1944Second World WarWestminster Regiment (Motor) Royal Westminster Regiment River Melfa, ItalyBritish Columbia[63]
McKean, GeorgeGeorge McKean1918First World War14th Battalion, CEF Royal Montreal Regiment Gavrelle Sector, FranceAlberta[64]
McKenzie, HughHugh McKenzie1917*First World WarCanadian Machine Gun Corps Meetscheele Spur, BelgiumAlberta[65]
McLeod, AlanAlan McLeod1918*First World WarNo. 2 Squadron RFC Albert, FranceManitoba[66]
Merrifield, WilliamWilliam Merrifield1918First World War4th Battalion, CEF 56th Field Artillery Regiment, RCA, Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment) Abancourt, FranceOntario[67]
Merritt, CharlesCharles Merritt1942Second World WarSouth Saskatchewan Regiment Dieppe, FranceBritish Columbia[68]
Metcalf, WilliamWilliam Metcalf1918First World War16th Battalion (Canadian Scottish), CEF Canadian Scottish Regiment Arras, Francen/a[note 10]
Milne, WilliamWilliam Milne1917*First World War16th Battalion (Canadian Scottish), CEF Canadian Scottish Regiment Thelus, FranceSaskatchewan[69]
Miner, HarryHarry Miner1918*First World War58th Battalion, CEF Royal Regiment of Canada Demuin, FranceOntario[70]
Mitchell, Coulson NormanCoulson Norman Mitchell1918First World War4th Battalion Canadian Engineers Canal de L'Escaut, FranceManitoba[71]
Mullin, GeorgeGeorge Mullin1917First World WarPrincess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry Passchendaele, BelgiumSaskatchewan[72][note 10]
Mynarski, AndrewAndrew Mynarski1944*Second World WarNo. 419 Squadron RCAF Cambrai, FranceManitoba[73]
Nickerson, WilliamWilliam Nickerson1900Second Boer WarRoyal Army Medical Corps Wakkerstroom, South AfricaNew Brunswick[74][note 3]
Nunney, ClaudeClaude Nunney1918*First World War38th Battalion, CEF Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa (Duke of Edinburgh's Own) Drocourt-Queant Line, FranceOntario[75]
O'Kelly, ChristopherChristopher O'Kelly1917First World War52nd Battalion, CEF Lake Superior Scottish Regiment Passchendaele, BelgiumManitoba[76]
O'Leary, MichaelMichael O'Leary1915First World WarIrish Guards Cuinchy, FranceSaskatchewan[77][note 12]
O'Rourke, MichaelMichael O'Rourke1917First World War7th Battalion, CEF British Columbia Regiment (Duke of Connaught's Own) Hill 70, FranceBritish Columbia[78]
Osborn, JohnJohn Osborn1941Second World WarWinnipeg Grenadiers Mount Butler, Hong KongManitoba[79]
Pattison, JohnJohn Pattison1917*First World War50th Battalion, CEF King's Own Calgary Regiment (RCAC) Vimy Ridge, FranceAlberta[80]
Pearkes, GeorgeGeorge Pearkes1917First World War5th Canadian Mounted Rifles Battalion, CEF Sherbrooke Hussars Passchendaele, BelgiumYukon[81]
Peck, CyrusCyrus Peck1918First World War16th Battalion (Canadian Scottish), CEFCanadian Scottish RegimentCagnicourt, FranceNew Brunswick[82]
Peters, FrederickFrederick Peters1942Second World WarHMS Walney Oran, AlgeriaP.E.I[83]
Rayfield, WalterWalter Rayfield1918First World War7th Battalion, CEF British Columbia Regiment (Duke of Connaught's Own) Arras, FranceOntario[84]
Reade, HerbertHerbert Reade1857Indian rebellion of 185761st Regiment of Foot Delhi, IndiaOntario[85]
Richardson, ArthurArthur Richardson1900Second Boer WarStrathcona's HorseLord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians)Wolwespruit, South Africa n/a[86] [note 13]
Richardson, JamesJames Richardson1916*First World War16th Battalion (Canadian Scottish), CEFCanadian Scottish RegimentSomme, FranceBritish Columbia[87]
Robertson, JamesJames Robertson1917*First World War27th Battalion, CEF Royal Winnipeg Rifles Passchendaele, BelgiumNova Scotia[88]
Rutherford, CharlesCharles Rutherford1918First World War5th Canadian Mounted Rifles Battalion, CEF Sherbrooke Hussars Monchy, FranceOntario[89]
Scrimger, FrancisFrancis Scrimger1915First World WarCanadian Army Medical Corps St. Julien, BelgiumQuebec[90]
Shankland, RobertRobert Shankland1917First World War43rd Battalion, CEF Passchendaele, BelgiumManitoba[91][note 1]
Sifton, EllisEllis Sifton1917*First World War18th Battalion, CEF Neuville-St.-Vaast, FranceOntario[92]
Sinton, JohnJohn Sinton1916First World WarIndian Medical Service Orah Ruins, MesopotamiaBritish Columbia[93][note 3]
Smith, ErnestErnest Smith1944Second World WarSeaforth Highlanders of Canada River Savio, ItalyBritish Columbia[94]
Spall, RobertRobert Spall1918*First World WarPrincess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry Parvillers, FranceManitoba[95]
Strachan, HarcusHarcus Strachan1917First World WarFort Garry Horse Masnières, FranceManitoba[96]
Tait, JamesJames Tait1918*First World War78th Battalion, CEF Amiens, FranceN.W.T[97]
Tilston, FrederickFrederick Tilston1945Second World WarEssex Scottish Regiment Hochwald Forest, GermanyOntario[98]
Topham, FrederickFrederick Topham1945Second World War1st Canadian Parachute Battalion Rhine, GermanyOntario[99]
Triquet, PaulPaul Triquet1943Second World WarRoyal 22e Régiment Casa Berardi, Italy Quebec[100]
Turner, RichardRichard Turner1900Second Boer WarRoyal Canadian Dragoons Komati River, South AfricaQuebec[101]
Wilkinson, ThomasThomas Wilkinson1916*First World WarLoyal North Lancashire Regiment La Boiselle, Francen/a[102]
Young, JohnJohn Young1918First World War87th Battalion, CEF Dury-Arras Sector, FranceQuebec[103]
Zengel, RaphaelRaphael Zengel1918First World War5th Battalion, CEF Warvillers, FranceSaskatchewan[104][note 10]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 One of three WWI Canadian VC recipients who lived on same block on Pine Street (now Valour Road) in Winnipeg: Leo Clarke, Frederick Hall and Robert Shankland
  2. ↑ Born in the Dominion of Newfoundland, moved to Canada at age 2. Fellow recipient Thomas Ricketts, not included on this sub-list, was a citizen of the Dominion of Newfoundland in the Royal Newfoundland Regiment
  3. 1 2 3 4 Recipients were Canadians, but were serving in Other Army Units at the time of their VC act
  4. ↑ He was the first Canadian awarded the Victoria Cross for actions subsequent to Canadian Confederation
  5. ↑ Although born in Ireland, was enlisted in the Canadian army and is considered Canadian at the time he won the medal
  6. ↑ Although a Danish citizen who enlisted in the Canadian army, he is considered Canadian at the time he won the medal
  7. ↑ Awarded VC for actions taken not in the face of the enemy, one of only six awarded this way
  8. ↑ First Canadian to earn VC, during the Charge of the Light Brigade, 1854-Oct-25
  9. ↑ Last Canadian to earn VC, in actions sinking Japanese escort ship Amakusa, 1945-Aug-9
  10. 1 2 3 4 Although an American citizen who enlisted in the Canadian army, is considered Canadian at the time he won the medal
  11. ↑ Although a Ukrainian citizen who enlisted in the Canadian army, is considered Canadian at the time he won the medal
  12. ↑ Considered Irish, but listed here due to residency in Canada
  13. ↑ first soldier to be awarded the Victoria Cross for actions committed while serving with a Canadian unit (even though under British command)

References

  1. 1 2 "Victoria Cross (Canadian version)". Canadian Veterans affairs department. Archived from the original on 26 May 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2007.
  2. 1 2 Christopher McCreery (2015). The Canadian Honours System. Dundurn. p. 130. ISBN 978-1-4597-2417-4.
  3. ↑ "VC background". British War Graves Memorial. Archived from the original on 6 October 2007. Retrieved 2008-04-07.
  4. ↑ "Gov. Gen., PM unveil Canadian Victoria Cross". 2008-05-16. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  5. ↑ Teotonio, Isabel (7 March 2007). "Vets irate at Victoria Cross proposal". Toronto Star. Retrieved 12 July 2007.
  6. ↑ "Black History Month Starts Up Across the City". CTV. 30 January 2010. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
  7. ↑ "Ottawa pays respect to Smokey Smith". CBC News. 9 August 2005. Retrieved 16 November 2007.
  8. ↑ Philip A. Wilkins (2012). The History of the Victoria Cross: Being an account of the 520 acts of bravery for which the decoration has been awarded and portraits of 392 recipients. Andrews UK Limited. p. 215. ISBN 978-1-78151-673-7.
  9. ↑ Mary Beacock Fryer (1986). Battlefields of Canada. Dundurn. p. 261. ISBN 978-1-55488-093-5.
  10. ↑ "Lieutenant Wallace Lloyd Algie – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  11. ↑ "Major William George Barker – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  12. ↑ "Vc Burials Canada – Toronto". Victoriacross.org.uk. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  13. ↑ "Sqdn. Ldr. Ian Willoughby Bazalgette – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 7 March 2006. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  14. ↑ Carl Read. "Edward Donald Bellew (VC)". TheVictoriaCross.net. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  15. ↑ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  16. ↑ Carl Read. "William Avery Bishop (VC)". TheVictoriaCross.net. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  17. ↑ Carl Read. "Roland Richard Louis Bourke (VC)". TheVictoriaCross.net. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  18. ↑ "Alexander Picton Brereton". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  19. ↑ "Jean Brillant". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  20. ↑ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  21. ↑ "Hugh Cairns". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  22. ↑ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  23. ↑ "William Hew Clark-Kennedy – Veterans Affairs Canada". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  24. ↑ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  25. ↑ "Lieutenant Hampden Zane Churchill Cockburn VC". Northeastmedals.co.uk. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  26. ↑ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  27. ↑ "Frederick George Coppins". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  28. ↑ "Sgt. Aubrey Cosens – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. 22 September 1998. Archived from the original on 28 November 2007. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  29. ↑ "John Bernard Croak". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  30. ↑ "Memorial to fallen Newfoundland soldiers declared National Historic Site". Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. 9 April 1997. Retrieved 26 January 2008.
  31. ↑ "Robert Edward Cruickshank". Gocruickshanks.com. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  32. ↑ "David Vivian Currie". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
  33. ↑ "Lieutenant Raymond Harvey Lodge Joseph de Montmorency". Veterans Affairs Canada. Retrieved 23 March 2016.
  34. ↑ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  35. ↑ "Thomas Fasti Dinesen". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  36. ↑ "Virtual Saskatchewan – Campbell Mellis Douglas". Virtualsk.com. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  37. ↑ "Canada And The Victoria Cross: Of Rebellion And Rescue Part 2 of 18". Legion Magazine. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  38. ↑ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  39. ↑ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  40. ↑ "Rev. John Weir Foote – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 28 November 2007. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  41. ↑ "Herman James Good". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  42. ↑ "Lt. Robert Hampton Gray – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 7 March 2006. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  43. ↑ "Milton Fowler Gregg". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  44. ↑ "Fredrick William Hall". Veterans Canada. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  45. ↑ "William Hall". Veterans Canada. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  46. ↑ "Robert Hanna, V.C". Russiansinthecef.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  47. ↑ Sevendust. "Lord Strathconas Horse (Royal Canadians) // Awards". Strathconas.ca. Archived from the original on 2010-01-12. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  48. ↑ "Fredrick Hobson". Veterans Canada. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  49. ↑ "The Canadian Virtual War Memorial". Veteran Affairs Canada. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
  50. ↑ "DHH – Victoria Cross Bios – Frederick Hobson". Cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  51. ↑ "Thomas William Holmes". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  52. ↑ "Samuel Lewis Honey". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  53. ↑ "David Ernest Hornell". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  54. ↑ "Bellenden Hutcheson". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  55. ↑ "Joseph Kaeble". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  56. ↑ "George Fraser Kerr". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  57. ↑ "John Chipman Kerr". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  58. ↑ "Cecil John Kinross". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  59. 1 2 "Arthur George Knight". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  60. ↑ "Graham Thomson Lyall". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  61. ↑ "Thain Wendell MacDowell". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  62. ↑ "Thain Wendell MacDowell". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  63. ↑ "John Keefer Mahony". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  64. ↑ "George Burdon McKean". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  65. ↑ "Hugh McKenzie". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  66. ↑ "Alan Arnett McLeod". Veteran Affairs Canada. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  67. ↑ "William Merrifield". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  68. ↑ "Charles Cecil Ingersoll Merritt". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  69. ↑ "William Johnstone Milne". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  70. ↑ "Harry Garnet Bedford Miner". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  71. ↑ "Coulson Norman Mitchell". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  72. ↑ "George Mullin". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  73. ↑ "Andrew Charles Mynarski". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  74. ↑ "The Victoria Cross awarded to William Henry Snyder Nickerson". Memorials.inportsmouth.co.uk. 10 April 1954. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  75. ↑ "Claude Joseph Patrick Nunney". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  76. ↑ "Christopher O'Kelly". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  77. ↑ "The Baldwin Project: Heroes of the Great War by G. A. Leask". Mainlesson.com. 26 June 1915. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  78. ↑ "Michael James O'Rourke". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  79. ↑ "John Robert Osbron". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  80. ↑ "John George Pattison". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  81. ↑ "George Randolph Pearkes". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  82. ↑ "Cyrus Wesley Peck". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  83. ↑ "The Canadian Virtual War Memorial". Veteran Affairs Canada. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
  84. ↑ "Walter Leigh Rayfield". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  85. ↑ "Herbert Taylor Reade Historical Plaque". Ontarioplaques.com. 23 September 2009. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  86. ↑ "Arthur Herbert Lindsay Richardson". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  87. ↑ "James Cleland Richardson". Veteran Affairs Canada. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  88. ↑ "James Peter Robertson". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  89. ↑ "Charles Smith Rutherford". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  90. ↑ "Francis Alexander Caron Scrimger". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  91. ↑ "Robert Shankland". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  92. ↑ "Ellis Welwood Sifton". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  93. ↑ Bob Sinton, Tandragee, Co. Armagh, Northern Ireland. "Sinton Family Trees – Details of Brig. John Alexander Sinton VC, OBE, DL, FRS, MD, DSc, MB, BCh, son of Walter Lyon Sinton and Isabella Mary Pringle, Born 1884, Died 1956". Bob-sinton.com. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  94. ↑ "Ernest Alvia Smith". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  95. ↑ "Robert Spall". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  96. ↑ "Harcus Strachan". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  97. ↑ "James Edward Tait". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  98. ↑ "Frederick Albert Tilston". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  99. ↑ "Frederick George Topham". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  100. ↑ "Paul Triquet". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  101. ↑ "Richard Ernest William Turner". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  102. ↑ "Thomas Orde Lawder Wilkinson". Veteran Affairs Canada. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  103. ↑ "John Francis Young". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  104. ↑ "Raphael Louis Zengel". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.

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