Soling
|
Class symbol | |
 | |
| Development | |
|---|---|
| Designer | Jan H. Linge |
| Location | Norway |
| Year | 1965 |
| Design | One-Design |
| Role | Designed for the Olympic Games 1972 |
| Boat | |
| Crew | 2 or 3 |
| Draft | 1.3 m (4 ft 3 in) |
| Trapeze | Droop hiking |
| Hull | |
| Type | Monohull |
| Construction | GRP |
| Hull weight | 1,035 kg (2,282 lb) |
| LOA | 8.15 m (26.7 ft) |
| LWL | 6.1 m (20 ft) |
| Beam | 1.9 m (6 ft 3 in) |
| Hull Appendages | |
| Keel/Board Type | Fixed 580 kg (1,280 lb) |
| Rig | |
| Rig Type | Bermuda rig |
| Mast Length | 9.3 m (31 ft) |
| Sails | |
| Mainsail area | 15.6 m2 (168 sq ft) |
| Jib / Genoa area | 8.1 m2 (87 sq ft) |
| Spinnaker area |
Max: 45 m2 (480 sq ft) Min: 35 m2 (380 sq ft) |
| Upwind Sail Area | 23.7 m2 (255 sq ft) |
| Misc | |
| D-PN | 82.3[1] |
| RYA PN | 914[2] |
| Former Olympic class (Vintage Yachting class) | |
The Soling is an International open keelboat class designed by Jan Linge from Norway in 1965. In 1968, it was selected to be an Olympic class for the Games of the XX Olympiad in Kiel 1972 (GER). The Soling maintained this status until her final appearance at the 2000 Olympics.
The Soling is a strong boat designed for any wind and sea condition and is - above all - fun to sail. Fitness, sailing and team skills are basic requirements for successful racing. The boats are one-design originating from an authorized single plug and mould and made of glass reinforced polyester, making competition as equal as possible.
The lifetime of a Soling is long. Those produced in the early days still sail beautifully and some are still in competition (more than 30 years after being built). The average competition life of a Soling boat is considered 15 years making the Soling a perfect cost / benefit boat for racing purposes.
Characteristic for the Soling is the droop-hiking technique.[3][4]
Since 2008 the Soling is one of the Vintage Yachting Classes at the Vintage Yachting Games.
History
The Soling history actually began in the mind of Jan Linge during the late 1950s while he was doing design work and tank testing on a 5.5 metre to be built for a Norwegian friend for sailing in the 1960 Olympics. This friend, Finn Ferner, was a successful businessman and an outstanding helmsman, an Olympic medalist and winner of many international events. Linge had become convinced that a slightly smaller boat with a detached spade rudder and short keel could be a fast seaworthy boat with the likelihood of great popularity – though such features were not allowed under the 5.5 rules. After 1960 Linge completed his design sketches to demonstrate his ideas for promoting a Norwegian national class.
By the time of the 1961 IYRU meetings, the forces for change had organized themselves to seek four new classes – a single hander as companion to the Finn, a two-man keelboat to complement the Star, a three-man keelboat like the 5.5 or Dragon, finally a catamaran. The underlying goals for these new boats were not explicit, but hinted: "high performance" and "popularity" were key words for whatever boat was chosen. The two-man keelboat process started in 1962 under the auspices of the Dutch sailing magazine De Waterkampioen with the announcement of the design competition, to culminate at the 1963 IYRU meetings, and Trials perhaps in 1965. This resulted in the Tempest.
It was the public announcement by the Class Policy Committee (CPOC) in mid-1963 that started events leading to the adoption of the Soling's Olympic status four years later. The American magazine Yachting undertook to accept design sketches for presentation at the November 1963 meeting. "What IYRU wanted was a nice compromise between maximum speed and maximum seaworthiness, with a good measure of both. Obligatory maximum limits and features were:
- LWL: 22 feet (6.7m)
- Draft 4'6 (1.37m)
- Displacement 3799 pounds (1723 kg)
- Sail area 310 sq. ft. (28.8m2)
- Non-sinkable
- Built-in buoyancy
- Capable of racing in open sea conditions
- Open cabin
Linge was determined to develop his version of a three-man keelboat. His next door neighbour, Sverre Olsen (See S.O. + LING) became interested in backing the effort. A wooden prototype was built, for experimenting with sizes and placement of rudders, keels, and rig. Finn Ferner, the champion skipper and Linge's 5.5 client of 1960, became an important skilled partner in this activity. By mid 1965, Linge and Ferner were satisfied enough with their work to manufacture the moulds needed for producing complete fibreglass boats. In November 1965, the IYRU scheduled trials to be held off Kiel during September 1966.
The high performance revolution was underway: The Tempest was given recognition, Catamaran trials were set for 1967, and a 1966 re-run of the single hander event which had had no wind in 1965 was held. During the winter of 1965–66, five fibreglass Solings were built which were extensively sailed against one another during the following summer. This competition was destined to be helpful in the heavy weather ahead at Kiel – chosen as a windy challenge for what the IYRU desired.
The first race was in moderate air, but thereafter for ten of the eleven races, Kiel lived up to its breezy reputation. The final race may have been worth all the rest for the Soling: a meeting of helmsmen gathered in view of the forty knot wind. Not surprisingly, the Committee's desire to race was persuasive. By the windward mark only the Soling was left to sail the course, and so was able to demonstrate her outstanding ability to handle heavy air. The Selection Committee, consisting of chairman British Frank Murdoch, Italian Beppe Croce, American Bob Bavier, Greek Costas Stavridis, British Sir Gordon Smith and German Hans Lubinus was impressed.
Two boats were recommended: Shillalah II, designed and sailed by US Star class Champion, E. W. "Skip" Etchells, and Soling, the boat referred to as "the undersized entry". Several new boats, a fibreglass Shillalah, also a 5.5 and a Dragon to compare speeds, assembled in Travemünde for the second Trials – this time in what became a moderate air series. Again Shillalah was the big winner, but again Soling finished respectably. This time she was sailed by Per Spilling with Sven Olsen and Linge again as crew. Without comment, the Observation Committee recommended Soling alone; this result passed unanimously through the IYRU meetings. The Soling had become an international class.
The 1968 Games in Mexico were held before the Class acquired its Olympic status. Because there was a five-class limit set by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the CPOC had recommended 5.5, Soling, Tempest (its two new boats), FD and Finn – these at the cost of Dragon and Star for the 1972 Olympics. The Permanent Committee was heavily lobbied by Dragon enthusiasts and so dumped the 5.5; in the same process the Star owners forced abandonment of IYRU's Tempest. In April 1969, after this battle, the IOC relieved the pressure on the IYRU by allowing a sixth "event". The IYRU then added the Tempest.
The news of the Trials' results not only assured the Soling's status, but stimulated a building spree: three hundred in 1968 and as many or more in 1969. Elvstrøm became the dominant builder in Europe, particularly after he won the first Soling World Championships off Copenhagen in 1969. One of the best American helmsmen, George O'Day, was given a license to build for the US market, just as Bill Abbott, Sr. (Chief) acquired the Canadian market.
Present day
There are still active and fun Soling class racing, Boston, Massachusetts maintains one of the largest active Soling racing clubs, with highly competitive racing every week through summer and fall.
Events[5]
Olympic Games[6]
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Denmark (DEN) | 4 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| 2 |  United States (USA) | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 |
| 3 |  Germany (GER) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 |  East Germany (GDR) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 |  Brazil (BRA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
 Soviet Union (URS) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Russia (RUS) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Sweden (SWE) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 9 |  Canada (CAN) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 10 |  Great Britain (GBR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Greece (GRE) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Norway (NOR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 | ||
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Pan American Games[7]
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 2 | Brazil | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 3 | Canada | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 | ||
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1979 San Juan | United States (US) |
Brazil (BL) |
Canada (KC) |
| 1983 Caracas | Brazil (BL) |
Canada (KC) |
United States (US) |
| 1987 Indianapolis | United States (US) |
Canada (KC) |
Brazil (BL) |
World Champions
Worlds Championship[8]
Worlds Matchrace Championship[9] (Infanta Cristina)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sweden | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Denmark | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | Germany | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Norway | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 6 |  France | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 7 | United States | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 |  Australia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Netherlands | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 5 | 5 | 5 | 15 | ||
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 Kingston | United Kingdom (GBR) Stuart Childerley |
Norway (NOR) Herman Horn Johannessen Paul Davis Espen Stokkeland |
Denmark (DEN) Stig Westergaard Jens Bojsen Møller Bjørn Westergaard |
| 1996 Cadiz | Sweden (SWE) Magnus Holmberg Björn Alm Johan Barne |
Denmark (DEN) Stig Westergaard Jens Bojsen-Møller Bjørn Westergaard |
France (DEN) Marc Bouet |
| 1998 Kralingen | Germany (GER) Jochen Schümann Gunnar Bahr Ingo Borkowski |
Norway (NOR) Herman Horn Johannessen Paul Davis Espen Stokkeland |
Australia (AUS) Neville Wittey |
| 1999 Melbourne | Sweden (SWE) Hans Wallen M. Augustsson Johan Barne |
United States (USA) Jeff Madrigali Jim Hartwell Chris Healy |
Netherlands (NED) Roy Heiner Peter Van Niekerk Dirk de Ridder |
| 2000 Cadiz | Denmark (DEN) Jesper Bank Henrik Blakskjær Thomas Jacobsen |
France (FRA) Philippe Presti |
United Kingdom (GBR) Andy Beadsworth Barry Parkin Mason |
Worlds Masters Championship[10]
No more Masters World Championship will be sailed after 2014, because the ISAF allows now only one World Championship per class.
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 5 | 4 | 5 | 14 |
| 2 |  Austria | 4 | 3 | 1 | 8 |
| 3 | Canada | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 4 |  Hungary | 2 | 5 | 4 | 11 |
| 5 | United States | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 13 | 13 | 13 | 39 | ||
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 Attersee | Austria (AUT) Carl Auteried Thomas Beclin Martin Kendler |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala László Kovácsi Károly Vezér |
Austria (AUT) Franz Wageneder Rudolf Rager Rudolf Hubauer |
| 2003 Lake Garda | Germany (GER) Karl Heist Jacob Carsten Daniel Diesing |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala László Kovácsi Peter Németh |
United States (USA) Stuart H. Walker Chris Brown Doug Lousp |
| 2004 Wilmette | Canada (CAN) Bill Abbott, Jr. Joanne Abbott Paul Davis |
United States (USA) Stuart H. Walker Andrew Dize Doug Lousp |
United States (USA) Joe Hoeksema Mathias Collins Rose Hoeksema |
| 2005 Balatonfüred | Austria (AUT) Carl Auteried Udo Moser Martin Kendler |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala László Kovácsi Peter Németh |
Hungary (HUN) Majoross Peter Farkas Tamas Izsak Tibor |
| 2006 Attersee | Austria (AUT) Carl Auteried Udo Moser Martin Kendler |
Austria (AUT) Michael Farthofer Christian Holler Richard Holler |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala László Kovácsi Peter Németh |
| 2007 Lovere | Austria (AUT) Carl Auteried Udo Moser Martin Kendler |
Germany (GER) Karl Heist Simon Heist Gernot Schreiber |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala László Kovácsi Peter Németh |
| 2008 Prien am Chiemsee | Germany (GER) Karl Heist Simon Heist Daniel Diesing |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala László Kovácsi Peter Németh |
Germany (GER) Roman Koch Maxl Koch Gregor Bornemann |
| 2009 Wolfgangsee | Hungary (HUN) George Wossala Károly Vezér Peter Németh |
Austria (AUT) Carl Auteried Udo Moser Martin Kendler |
Germany (GER) Karl Heist Simon Heist J.Baptist Lindner |
| 2010 Starnbergsee | Germany (GER) Uwe Steingroß Karsten Eller Tim Gieseke |
Germany (GER) Karl Heist Maxl Heist J.Baptist Lindner |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala Károly Vezér Peter Németh |
| 2011 Lovere | Canada Peter Hall (CAN) Frank Lavrsen (DEN) Berend Vree (NED) |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala Károly Vezér Peter Németh |
Germany (GER) Jörg Herrmann Karsten Eller Tim Gieseke |
| 2012 Balatonalmadi | Hungary (HUN) George Wossala Károly Vezér Peter Németh |
Germany (GER) Thomas Maschkiwitz Stefan Wenzel Christoph Wossala |
Canada Peter Hall (CAN) Steve Lacey (CAN) Ben Medendorp (NED) |
| 2013 Traunsee | Germany (GER) Uwe Steingroß Karsten Eller Tim Giesecke |
Austria (AUT) Christian Holler Michael Praxmarer Peter Farbowski |
Germany (GER) Susanne Steingross Sven Rikwald Voker Stoof |
| 2014 Attersee | Germany (GER) Uwe Steingroß Karsten Eller Tim Giesecke |
Germany (GER) Roman Koch Maxl Koch Gregor Bornemann |
Germany (GER) Karl Haist Martin Zeileis Irene Haist |
Continental Champions[11]
North American Championship[12]
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 9 | 9 | 8 | 24 |
| 2 | Canada | 8 | 8 | 7 | 21 |
| 3 | Denmark | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Germany | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Japan | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 17 | 18 | 17 | 49 | ||
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 Chicago | United States (USA) Kevin Mahaney |
United States (USA) John Kostecki |
|
| 1993 Rochester | Input needed | United States (USA) Jeff Madrigali |
Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh |
| 1994 Seawanhaka | Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh |
United States (USA) Jeff Madrigali |
United States (USA) Peter Coleman |
| 1996 Marblehead | United States (USA) Jeff Madrigali |
Denmark (DEN) Stig Westergaard |
Germany (GER) Jochen Schümann |
| 1997 Wilmette | United States (USA) Dave Curtis |
Canada (CAN) Bill Abbott, Jr. |
Canada (CAN) Dan Brenner |
| 1998 Rochester | United States (USA) Jeff Madrigali Chris Healy Jordan |
Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh Fogh Michener |
United States (USA) Rey Burnham Brenner |
| 1999 Toronto | United States (USA) Dave Curtis |
Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh |
Japan (JPN) Kobun Kuramichi |
| 2000 Annapolis | United States (USA) Chris Larson |
Canada (CAN) Bill Abbott, Jr. |
United States (USA) Jeff Gladchun |
| 2002 Wilmette | United States (USA) Jorgen Johnsson Martin Johnsson Mike Leslie |
United States (USA) Charlie Kamps Jon Bailey Charley Tollefsen |
United States (USA) Kent Heitzinger Mike Tennity Bill Santos |
| 2003 Milwaukee | United States (USA) Martin Johnsson Jorgen Johnsson Augi Hernandez |
United States (USA) Joe Hoeksema Rose Hoeksema Michael Wolf |
United States (USA) Charlie Kamps Vytas Kasniunas Len Deliceat/George Petritz |
| 2004 Plattsburgh | Canada (CAN) Bill Abbott, Jr. Jim Turvey Jim Turvey |
United States (USA) Peter Galloway Greg Anthony Paul Steinborn |
United States (USA) Stuart H. Walker Chris Brown Bruce Empey |
| 2005 Toronto | Canada (CAN) Bill Abbott, Jr. Joanne Abbott Brad Boston |
Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh Roger Cheer John Kerr |
Canada (CAN) Bruce Clifford Chris Tattersall Matt Abbott |
| 2006 Milwaukee | United States (USA) Augi Hernandez Jorgen Johnsson Martin Johnsson |
United States (USA) Jim Medley Marc Hulburt Chris Roberts |
United States (USA) Charlie Kamps Vytas Kasniunas Jon Bailey |
| 2007 Wilmette | Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh Roger Cheer Gord Devries |
United States (USA) Jorgen Johnsson Martin Johnsson Augi Hernandez |
Canada (CAN) Peter Hall Mike Parsons Jami Allen |
| 2008 Toronto | Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh Roger Cheer Gord Devries |
Canada (CAN) Peter Hall P. Kerrigan T. Park |
Canada (CAN) Kevin Brown Mark Bird Stephen Jones |
| 2009 Plattsburgh | Canada (CAN) Peter Hall P. Kerrigan Gavin Flynn |
Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh Roger Cheer Gord Devries |
United States (USA) Stuart H. Walker Bruce Empey Doug Loup |
| 2010 Bath | Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh Roger Cheer Gord Devries |
United States (USA) Stuart H. Walker Bruce Empey Doug Loup |
Canada (CAN) Peter Hall P. Kerrigan Ross Findlater |
| 2011 Milwaukee, Wisconsin | Canada (CAN) Manfred Kanter Blair Tully Tom Freemann |
Canada (CAN) Peter Hall P. Kerrigan Mike Parsons |
Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh John Kerr III Gord Devries |
| 2012 Cork, Kingston | Canada (CAN) Peter Hall Paul Davis William Hall |
Canada (CAN) Bill Abbott Joanne Abbott Scott Banford |
Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh John Finch Gord Devries |
| 2013 Plattsburgh, New York | Canada (CAN) Hans Fogh Ross Findlater Gord Devries |
Canada (CAN) Bill Abbott Joanne Abbott Scott Banford |
Canada (CAN) Peter Hall Steve Lacey William Hall |
| 2014 Port Stanley |
European Fleetrace Champions[13]
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 8 | 11 | 6 | 25 |
| 2 | East Germany | 5 | 6 | 6 | 17 |
| 3 | Denmark | 5 | 2 | 5 | 12 |
| 4 | Austria | 4 | 5 | 3 | 12 |
| 5 | Sweden | 3 | 4 | 3 | 10 |
| 6 | Hungary | 3 | 1 | 3 | 7 |
| 7 | Canada | 3 | 2 | 1 | 6 |
 Ukraine | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 | |
| 9 | Soviet Union | 2 | 4 | 2 | 8 |
| 10 | Norway | 2 | 1 | 4 | 7 |
| 11 | Netherlands | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 |
| 12 |  Slovenia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| United States | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| 14 |  Argentina | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 15 | Brazil | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| France | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 16 | United Kingdom | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Russia | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| 18 | Australia | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 20 |  Italy | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 44 | 44 | 44 | 133 | ||
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1968 Copenhagen | Norway (N) Per Spilling |
Netherlands (H) Geert Bakker |
Denmark (D) Niels Bolt Joergensen |
| 1969 Sandhamn | Sweden (S) Arved von Grünewaldt Tommy Nilsson Anders Nordin |
Sweden (S) Kellner |
Germany (G) Norbert Wagner |
| 1970 Hankø | Denmark (D) Paul Elvstrøm Niels Jensen Poul Mik Meyer |
Sweden (S) Arved von Grünewaldt Tommy Nilsson Anders Nordin |
Sweden (S) Pelle Petterson |
| 1971 Travemünde | Denmark (D) Paul Elvstrøm Niels Jensen Valdemar Bandolowski |
Soviet Union (SR) Timur Pinegin Valentin Samotaikin Rais Galimov |
Denmark (D) Jörgensen |
| 1972 Skovshoved | East Germany (GO) Roland Schwarz Lothar Köpsel Werner Christoph |
United Kingdom (K) John Oakeley Charles Reynolds Barry Dunning |
Denmark (D) Paul Elvstrøm Niels Jensen Valdemar Bandolowski |
| 1973 Medemblik | East Germany (GO) Dieter Below Olaf Engelhardt Michael Zachries |
Austria (OE) Uli Strohschneider |
East Germany (GO) Roland Schwarz Lothar Köpsel Werner Christoph |
| 1974 Clyde | Germany (G) Willi Kuhweide Axel May Karsten Meyer |
East Germany (GO) Roland Schwarz Lothar Köpsel Werner Christoph |
East Germany (GO) Dieter Below Olaf Engelhardt Michael Zachries |
| 1975 Alassio | Sweden (S) Stig Wennerström Lennart Roslund Stefan Krook |
East Germany (GO) Roland Schwarz Lothar Köpsel Werner Christoph |
Italy (I) Albarelli Di Martino Guidotti |
| 1976 Geneva | East Germany (GO) Dieter Below Olaf Engelhardt Michael Zachries |
Denmark (D) Poul Richard Høj Jensen Valdemar Bandolowski Erik Hermann Hansen |
Austria (OE) Herbert Raudaschl |
| 1977 Athens | Germany (G) Fritz Geiss Gerhard Fehzner Beck |
Germany (G) Willi Kuhweide Axel May Karsten Meyer |
Denmark (D) Valdemar Bandolowski |
| 1978 Kiel | Canada (KC) Hans Fogh John Kerr Dennis Toews |
Canada (KC) Glenn Dexter Andreas Josenhans Sandy McMillan |
East Germany (GO) Dieter Below Olaf Engelhardt Michael Zachries |
| 1979 La Rochelle | Brazil (BL) Eduardo Ramos Manfred Kaufman Thomas Heiman |
Netherlands (H) Geert Bakker Pieter Keijzer Harald de Vlaming |
Sweden (S) Arved von Grünewaltdt Tommy Nilsson Anders Nordin |
| 1980 Helsinki | Soviet Union (SR) Boris Budnikov Aleksandr Budnikov Nikolay Polyakov |
Germany (G) Willi Kuhweide Axel May Karsten Meyer |
Denmark (D) Poul Richard Høj Jensen Valdemar Bandolowski Erik Hermann Hansen |
| 1981 Attersee | Austria (OE) Michael Farthofer Georg Vartian Christian Holler |
East Germany (GO) Hermann Decker Olbricht |
Germany (G) Fritz Geis |
| 1982 Dragør | Canada (KC) Hans Fogh Richard Jensen John Kerr |
Soviet Union (SR) Boris Budnikov Aleksandr Budnikov Nikolay Polyakov |
Soviet Union (SR) Kudraitshev |
| 1983 Medemblik | Canada (KC) Hans Fogh John Kerr Steve Calder |
Soviet Union (SR) Boris Budnikov Gennadi Strakh Miron |
East Germany (DDR) Helmar Nauck Norbert Hellriegel Sven Diedering |
| 1984 | not held | ||
| 1985 Balatonfüred | Norway (N) Terje Wang Jan Petterson Bjørn Selander |
East Germany (DDR) Jochen Schümann Thomas Flach Bernd Jäkel |
Soviet Union (SR) Georgi Shayduko Sergey Kanov Nikolay Polyakov |
| 1986 Warnemünde | East Germany (DDR) Jochen Schümann Thomas Flach Bernd Jäkel |
Sweden (S) Lennart Persson Eje Öberg Tony Wallin |
Germany (G) Thomas Jungblut Thomas Maschkiwitz Kröger |
| 1987 Karlshamn | Soviet Union (SR) Georgi Shayduko Sergey Kanov Nikolay Polyakov |
East Germany (DDR) Jochen Schümann Thomas Flach Bernd Jäkel |
Canada (KC) Hans Fogh Steve Calder Hank Lammens |
| 1988 Alassio | East Germany (DDR) Jochen Schümann Thomas Flach Bernd Jäkel |
United States (US) John Kostecki William Baylis Bob Billingham| |
Denmark (D) Jesper Bank Jan Mathiassen Steen Secher| |
| 1989 Oslo | Denmark (D) Jesper Bank Jesper Seier Steen Secher| |
Soviet Union (SR) Sergey Pichuguin Gennadi Strakh Nikandrov |
East Germany (DDR) Jochen Schümann Thomas Flach Bernd Jäkel |
| 1990 Prien am Chiemsee | France (F) Marc Bouet Fabrice Levet Alain Pintet |
East Germany (DDR) Jochen Schümann Thomas Flach Bernd Jäkel |
Netherlands (H) Roy Heiner Ed van der Steene Yska Minks |
| 1991 La Baule | United States (US) Dave Curtis Brad Dellenbaugh Paul Murphy| |
Sweden (S) Magnus Holmberg Björn Alm Johan Barne |
East Germany (DDR) Jochen Schümann Thomas Flach Bernd Jäkel |
| 1992 Torbole | Sweden (SWE) Per Ahlby Stefan Nordström Jan-Olov Sandberg |
Austria (AUT) Michael Luschan Stefan Lindner Georg Stadler |
Sweden (SWE) Magnus Holmberg Björn Alm Johan Barne |
| 1993 Portorose | Germany (GER) Jochen Schümann Thomas Flach Bernd Jäkel |
Germany (GER) Albert Batzil Lang Finch |
Norway (NOR) Rune Jacobsen Landucek Haaland |
| 1994 Vilamoura | Germany (GER) Jochen Schümann Thomas Flach Bernd Jäkel |
Denmark (DEN) Stig Westergaard Jens Bojsen Møller Bjørn Westergaard |
Australia (AUS) Ian Walker |
| 1995 Marstrand | Denmark (DEN) Jesper Bank Kræn Nielsen Thomas Jacobsen |
Norway (NOR) Herman Horn Johannessen Paul Davis Espen Stokkeland |
Australia (AUS) Miles Links Mayor |
| 1996 Balatonfüred | Ukraine (UKR) Sergey Pichuguin Sergey Kaindrava Vladimir Korotkov |
Austria (AUT) Christian Binder Franky Fellner Volker Moser |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala László Kovácsi Károly Vezér |
| 1997 Troon | Germany (GER) Jochen Schümann Gunnar Bahr Ingo Borkowski |
United Kingdom (GBR) Andy Beadsworth Barry Parkin Mason |
Norway (NOR) Herman Horn Johannessen Paul Davis Espen Stokkeland |
| 1998 Izola | Ukraine (UKR) Sergey Pichuguin Volodimir Korotkov Sergey Timokhov |
Russia (RUS) Georgi Shayduko Sergey Voltshkov Kramskoy |
Germany (GER) Jochen Schümann Gunnar Bahr Ingo Borkowski |
| 1999 Sandefjord | Netherlands (NED) Roy Heiner Peter Van Niekerk Dirk de Ridder |
Ukraine (UKR) Sergey Pichuguin Volodimir Korotkov Sergey Timokhov |
Germany (GER) Jochen Schümann Gunnar Bahr Ingo Borkowski |
| 2000 La Rochelle | Denmark (DEN) Jesper Bank Henrik Blakskjær Thomas Jacobsen |
Russia (RUS) Georgi Shayduko Oleg Kpherski Andrei Kiriliuk |
Ukraine (UKR) Sergey Pichuguin Volodimir Korotkov Sergey Timokhov |
| 2001 Kammersee | Austria (AUT) Christian Binder Franky Fellner Volker Moser |
Germany (GER) Heiko Winkler Stefan Wenzel Jens Niemann |
Austria (AUT) Carl Auteried Thomas Beclin Martin Kendler |
| 2002 Castiglione | Austria (AUT) Carl Auteried Thomas Beclin Martin Kendler |
Austria (AUT) Markus Schneeberger Volker Moser Christian Panek |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala László Kovácsi Károly Vezér |
| 2003 Torbole | Hungary (HUN) Balázs Gyenese Gyula Monus Károly Vezér |
Germany (GER) Roman Koch Maxl Koch Gregor Bornemann |
Germany (GER) Karl Haist Daniel Diesing Jacob Carsten |
| 2004 Tonsberg | Austria (AUT) Markus Schneeberger Volker Moser Christian Panek |
Slovenia (SLO) Bostjan Antoncic Gennadi Strakh Zeljko Perovic |
Norway (NOR) Pål Christoffersen Karl Book Espen Kamperhaug |
| 2005 Medemblik | Germany (GER) Roman Koch Maxl Koch Gregor Bornemann |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala Peter Németh Károly Vezér |
Norway (NOR) Dag Usterud Arne Ottestad Eskil Goldeng |
| 2006 Balatonfüred | Ukraine (UKR) Sergey Pichuguin Ivan Chehlatiy Sergey Timokhov |
Germany (GER) Roman Koch Maxl Koch Gregor Bornemann |
Austria (AUT) Carl Auteried Udo Moser Martin Kendler |
| 2007 Arendal | Slovenia (SLO) Bostjan Antoncic Gennadi Strakh Sergey Pichuguin |
Germany (GER) Thomas Maschkiwitz Christian Öhler Christoph Wossala |
Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Maximo Smith Miguel Lacour |
| 2008 Balatonfüred | Hungary (HUN) George Wossala Peter Németh Károly Vezér |
Germany (GER) Roman Koch Maxl Koch Gregor Bornemann |
Netherlands (NED) Johan Offermans Bas Dusee Dominik Meissner |
| 2009 Lovere | Germany (GER) Roman Koch Maxl Koch Gregor Bornemann |
Austria (AUT) Carl Auteried Udo Moser Martin Kendler |
Hungary (HUN) George Wossala Peter Németh Károly Vezér |
| 2010 La Trinite | Hungary (HUN) George Wossala Peter Németh Károly Vezér |
Germany (GER) Roman Koch Maxl Koch Gregor Bornemann |
Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Maximo Smith Hernan Celedoni |
| 2011 Attersee | Germany (GER) Uwe Steingross Karsten Eller Tim Giesecke |
United States (USA) Stuart H. Walker Georg Stadler Johannes Spitzk |
Austria (AUT) Johann Kahls Christian Kahls Ronnie Zeiler |
| 2012 Arhus | Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Rodrigo Ferres Miguel Lacour |
Germany (GER) Karl Haist Martin Zeileis Patrick Wichmann |
Netherlands (NED) Rudy den Outer Gavin Lidlow Ramzi Souli |
| 2013 Castiglione | Ukraine (UKR) Igor Yushko Sergiy Pichugin Dmitriy Yarmolenka |
Germany (GER) Roman Koch Maxl Koch Gregor Bornemann |
United States (USA) Charly Kamps Jeremy McMahon Toby Kamps |
| 2014 Saint-Pierre-Quiberon | Germany (GER) Uwe Steingross Karsten Eller Tim Giesecke |
Canada (CAN) Peter Hall Steve Lacey William Hall |
Netherlands (NED) Rudy den Outer Gavin Lidlow Ramzi Souli |
| 2015 Berlin | Germany (GER) Jochen Schümann Thomas Flach Ingo Borkowski/ Bernd Jäkel (last race only) |
Hungary (HUN) Litkey Farkas Károly Vezér Gabor Croszlan |
Ukraine (UKR) Igor Yushko Sergey Pichugin Igor Severianov |
| 2016 Ebensee | Austria (AUT) Christian Binder Christian Feitchinger Klaus Kratochwill |
Hungary (HUN) Litkey Farkas Joo Kristoff Gabor Croszlan |
Canada (CAN) Peter Hall Steve Lacey William Hall |
European Matchrace Championship[14]
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Norway | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | Ukraine | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 |  Spain | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | 3 | 3 | 10 | ||
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31 May - 2 June 1993 Kralingen | Norway (NOR) Herman Horn Johannessen Paul Davis Espen Stokkeland |
Input needed | Input needed |
| 1994 | |||
| 1995 Torbay | United Kingdom (GBR) Andy Beadsworth |
Norway (NOR) Herman Horn Johannessen Paul Davis Espen Stokkeland |
United Kingdom (GBR) Stuart Childerley |
| 1996 | |||
| 1997 St. Gilgen | Germany (GER) Jochen Schümann Gunnar Bahr Ingo Borkowski |
Ukraine (UKR) Sergey Pichuguin Dmitriy Yarovoy Sergey Timokhov |
Norway (NOR) Herman Horn Johannessen Paul Davis Espen Stokkeland |
| 1998 Torbole | Germany (GER) Jochen Schümann Gunnar Bahr Ingo Borkowski |
Spain (ESP) Luis Doreste Domingo Manrique David Vera |
Ukraine (UKR) Sergey Pichuguin Volodimir Korotkov Sergey Timokhov |
| 1999 | |||
| 2000 |
South American Championship[14]
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Brazil | 8 | 9 | 7 | 24 |
| 2 | Argentina | 7 | 7 | 9 | 23 |
| 3 |  Uruguay | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 16 | 16 | 16 | 48 | ||
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 Búzios | Brazil (BRA) José Paulo Barcellos Alessandro Gioia Daniel Glomb |
Brazil (BRA) Alan Adler Marcelo Ferreira Daniel Adler |
Brazil (BRA) George Nehm Marcos P. Ribeiro Lucio P. Ribeiro |
| 1999 Paranaguá | Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Matias Collins Maximo Smith |
Brazil (BRA) Alan Adler Marcelo Ferreira Daniel Glomb |
Brazil (BRA) J.P Barcellos R. Senft Daniel Adler |
| 2000 Porto Alegre | Uruguay (URU) Ricardo Fabini Meerhoff Viana |
Brazil (BRA) Alan Adler Senft Penido |
Brazil (BRA) George Nehm Marcos P. Ribeiro Lúcio P. Ribeiro |
| 2001 San Isidro | Argentina (ARG) Martin Busch Pablo Noceti Ismael Ayerza |
Argentina (ARG) Miguel Saubidet Cristian Petersen Lucas Petersen |
Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Hernan Celedoni Maximo Smith |
| 2002 Porto Alegre | Brazil (BRA) Alexandre Paradeda Caio Vergo Andre Gick |
Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Santiago Jost Maximo Feldtmann |
Brazil (BRA) George Nehm Marcos P. Ribeiro Lúcio P. Ribeiro |
| 2003 San Isidro | Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Hernan Celedoni Maximo Smith |
Argentina (ARG) Martin Busch Pablo Noceti Andres Ezcurra |
Brazil (BRA) Daniel Glomb Andre Gick Caio Vergo |
| 2004 | Brazil (BRA) George Nehm Marcos P. Ribeiro Lúcio P. Ribeiro |
Brazil (BRA) Daniel Glomb Andre Gick Caio Vergo |
Brazil (BRA) Ernesto Neugebauer Lucas Ostergren Adrion Santos |
| 2005 Punta del Este | Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Erich Mones Ruiz Maximo Smith |
Brazil (BRA) George Nehm Marcos P. Ribeiro Lúcio P. Ribeiro |
Argentina (ARG) Martin Busch Pablo Noceti Maximo Feldtmann |
| 2006 San Isidro | Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Hernan Celedoni Maximo Smith |
Brazil (BRA) George Nehm Marcos P. Ribeiro Lúcio P. Ribeiro |
Argentina (ARG) Martin Busch Pablo Noceti Maximo Feldtmann |
| 2007 Porto Alegre | Brazil (BRA) George Nehm Marcos P. Ribeiro Lúcio P. Ribeiro |
Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Maximo Feldtmann Maximo Smith |
Brazil (BRA) Andre Wahrlich Andre Gick Henrique De Lorenzi |
| 2008 Punta del Este | Brazil (BRA) George Nehm Marcos P. Ribeiro Lúcio P. Ribeiro |
Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Nicolas Maximo Smith |
Argentina (ARG) Martin Busch Diego Weppler Juan Pedro Masseroni |
| 2009 Colonia | Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Maximo Feldtmann Maximo Smith |
Brazil (BRA) George Nehm Marcos P. Ribeiro Lúcio P. Ribeiro |
Argentina (ARG) Martin Busch Diego Weppler Zimermann |
| 2010 Punta del Este | Brazil (BRA) Cicero Hartmann Andre Renard Flávio Quevedo |
Brazil (BRA) Guilherme Roth Marcos P. Ribeiro Lúcio P. Ribeiro |
Argentina (ARG) Santiago Nottebohm Pablo Araujo Lucas Tumulty |
| 2011 Buenos Aires | Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Eduardo Coulon Maximo Smith |
Argentina (ARG) Alberto Zanetti Gerardo Della Torre Ricky Homps |
Argentina (ARG) Pablo Despontin Pablo Noceti Ezequiel Fernandez Sasso |
| 2012 Punta del Este | Brazil (BRA) Andre Wahrlich Manfredo Floricke Leonardo Gomes |
Brazil (BRA) George Nehm Marcos P. Ribeiro Lúcio P. Ribeiro |
Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Federico Calegari Juan Lago |
| 2013 Buenos Aires | Brazil (BRA) George Nehm Marcos P. Ribeiro Lúcio P. Ribeiro |
Argentina (ARG) Pablo Despontin Pablo Noceti Ezequiel Fernandez Sasso |
Argentina (ARG) Gustavo Warburg Eduardo Coulon Maximo Smith |
| 2014 RS | April 17 to 20 |
Vintage Yachting Games
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Netherlands | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Ukraine | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 3 |  Wildcards (NCO) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Austria | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 4 | Germany | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 Medemblik | Netherlands (NED) Rudy den Outer Leo Determan Ronald den Arend |
Wildcard (NCO) Steven Bakker Sven Koster Joost Houweling |
Germany (GER) Holger Weichert Laurent Scheel Martin Setzkorn |
| 2012 Lake Como | Ukraine (UKR) Igor Yushko Sergiy Pichugin Dmitriy Yarmolenka |
Netherlands (NED) Rudy den Outer Gavin Lidlow Ramzi Souli |
Austria (AUT) Peter Neumann Rudolf Rager Rudolf Hubauer |
| 2016 Weymouth Bay | Dates to be decided |
National Championships
Class association[15]
After the class became an International class the International Soling Association was founded. This "Owners Club" became a very self-supporting club able to address the main issues of the class. International Soling Class Association Website
Class Presidents
The main strategy of the Soling President has always been: "one-designedness", and creating opportunities that bring club sailors and Olympic aspirants together.
| Period | Country | President | Major achievement |
| 1968–1972 | Denmark | Eggert Benzon | Initiation of the International Soling Association |
| 1973–1975 | United States | Jack Van Dyke | In 1972 the Soling had been re-designated as an Olympic Class, looking towards the '76 Games. But the signals at the IYRU were to shape up with better control over the boat's construction, as well as its potential for high cost improvements contrary to the intention of Section 1 of the Class Rules. Van Dyke's previous years with the IYRU helped to make 1973 a watershed year. |
| 1976–1979 | Netherlands | Geert Bakker | He provided a transition that led the Class from its pioneer days to its pre-eminence as the world's most active and admired three-man keelboat. Geert was elected to the Presidency in 1976, the year he represented The Netherlands in the Kingston Olympics. |
| 1980–1982 | Australia | Ken Berkeley | Match racing became a regular feature of the Class' European schedule in 1983 when Ken Berkeley (who had just retired) donated a trophy for annual competition based upon experience over several years on Lake Balaton in Hungary and in Berlin. Ken Berkeley recruited a new secretary, Dinny Reed, in 1980 after the death of Eyvin Schiotz who had been Secretary since the early years of the Class. |
| 1983–1986 | West Germany | Karl Haist | He encouraged The German Democratic Republic (GDR) Soling sailors to become more active in the regular events of the Class and arranged for the first European Championship behind the "Iron Curtain". Karl was particularly concerned to maintain the one-design character of the boat and during his tenure additional templates were introduced to control the shape of the keel. Heike Blok brought forward the concept of an international ranking system and donated the Soling World Trophy. |
| 1987–1990 | West Germany | Sam Merrick | During Sam Merrick's Presidency the IYRU hierarchy launched a major program to make sailing a spectator sport, part of which was to introduce match racing into the Olympics. Sam persuaded the Class and the IYRU that if match racing were to be introduced, the ideal means was to use the Soling in a fleet/match event and he presided over the establishment of the present Olympic format in which the top fleet racers advance to a match racing final. The number of sails allowed in a regatta was reduced to one main, two jibs, and two spinnakers. Perhaps most importantly, Uli Strohschneider's campaign to make the Soling unsinkable was successful and the Class Rules were modified to require that hatch covers be screwed into place. No Solings with correct hatch covers have sunk since this time. |
| 1991–1994 | United States | Stuart H. Walker | Walker campaigned successfully to keep the Soling in the '96 Olympics and to continue the fleet/match format Stu established a strong, well organized Technical Committee that included the major builders and which has been successful in openly recognizing and solving problems before they become significant. |
| 1995–1998 | Hungary | George Wossala | George Wossala, as Vice-President and then President of the ISA, became a major influence in the Hungarian Yachting Association, and subsequently was appointed to several important ISAF Committees. During his reign as ISA President he also strove to improve the status of the Class' club racers, while aspiring to, and achieving, an Olympic berth himself (in the 1996 Olympics). He has also instigated the first Soling Masters' Championship – to be held at Lake Balaton in September 1999 |
| 1999–2002 | United Kingdom | Tony Clare | After serving as Chairman of the ISA Technical Committee from 1980–1998 and as Vice President (Administration) from 1990–1998, Tony Clare became ISA President in January 1999. He has spent an enormous amount of time and effort over the last 20 years to make the International Soling Association work smoothly and to make the Class and its administration the most respected of all the Olympic classes. |
| 2003–2006 | United States | Rose Hoeksema | After the discontinuation as an Olympic class after the 2000 Olympics, Rose was able to keep the class together and to make a start of a new Soling strategy. A part of that strategy was to make the Soling one of the Vintage Yachting Classes.
Dinny Reed retired in 2003 as secretary. She was succeeded by Fleur Ainsley and later by Mathias Collins. |
| 2007–1014 | Netherlands | Johan Offermans | Johan is working to keep the numbers of competitors as high as possible as well as the number of countries involved in Soling sailing. |
| 2015 – Present | Canada | Peter Hall | Peter have set the following goals for 2015: 1. Better more regular communication between executive and membership. |
References
- ↑ "Keelboat Classes". US Sailing. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
- ↑ "The RYA Portsmouth Yardstick Number List for 2004" (PDF). Royal Yachting Association. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
- ↑ Article by Hans Fogh and commented by Stuart H. Walker on the matter of droop hiking
- ↑ Droop hiking made easy
- ↑ Olympic results
- ↑ More Olympic results
- ↑ Sports 123: Sailing: Pan American Games: Soling
- ↑ World champions fleet racing
- ↑ World Champions Match racing
- ↑ Masters Fleet racing
- ↑ Continental Champions
- ↑ Sports 123: Sailing: North American Championships: Soling
- ↑ Sports 123: Sailing: European Championships: Soling
- 1 2 "ISA – International Soling Class -"
- ↑ ISA
External links
- International Class Page
- Soling Class World Championship Page
- Soling Class European Championship Page
Licensed Builders
- Soling Class Borresen licensed builder Page
- Soling Class Petticrows licensed builder Page
- Soling Class Abbott licensed builder Page