Sky lobby

The sky lobby in Central Plaza, Hong Kong

A sky lobby is an intermediate interchange floor where people can change from an express elevator that stops only at the sky lobby to a local elevator which stops at every floor within a segment of the building. When designing very tall (supertall) buildings, supplying enough elevators is a problem – travellers wanting to reach a specific higher floor may conceivably have to stop at a very large number of other floors on the way up to let other passengers off and on. This increases travel time, and indirectly requires many more elevator shafts to still allow acceptable travel times – thus reducing effective floor space on each floor for all levels. The other main technique to increase usage without adding more elevator shafts is double-deck elevators.

Early uses of the sky lobby include the original Twin Towers of the World Trade Center and the John Hancock Center in Chicago.[1]

John Hancock Center

The John Hancock Center's sky lobby on the 44th floor serves only the residential portion of the building that occupies floors 45–92. Three express elevators run from the residential lobby on the ground floor to the 44th floor, with two of the elevators stopping at the parking garage's main level on floor 6. At floor 44, residents transfer to two banks of three elevators. One bank serves floors 45–65 and the other serves 65–92. Although all six elevators stop at floor 65, this floor is roughly the same layout as the residential floors immediately above and below it. It is not a sky lobby because residents can also board elevators to higher floors at floor 44.

The Hancock's 44th floor sky lobby includes a pool, gym, dry cleaner, convenience store, about 700 mailboxes, two "party" rooms, a sitting area overlooking Lake Michigan, a small library, a refuse room (with trash chutes emptying here), offices for the managers of the residential condominium,[2] and a polling station for residents during elections.

Floors above 92 are serviced by direct passenger elevators from the ground floor, by an emergency elevator from the ground floor, and by two freight elevators that run from floors 44 to 98.

Buildings with sky lobbies

The former World Trade Center, designed by Minoru Yamasaki, used sky lobbies, located on the 44th and 78th floors of each tower.
View from the sky lobby in the JPMorgan Chase Tower, Houston
The Nina Tower sky lobby
Building Name Year Location Floors of sky lobby(s)
John Hancock Center 1969 Chicago, Illinois, United States 44
One World Trade Center 1972 New York City, New York, United States 44, 78
Two World Trade Center 1973 New York City, New York, United States 44, 78
Willis Tower 1973 Chicago, Illinois, United States 33/34, 66/67
NatWest Tower 1980 London, United Kingdom 23/24
JPMorgan Chase Tower (Houston) 1982 Houston, Texas, United States 60
Wells Fargo Plaza (Houston) 1983 Houston, Texas, United States 34/35, 58/59
Williams Tower 1983 Houston, Texas, United States 51
Columbia Center 1985 Seattle, Washington, United States 40
Miami Tower 1987 Miami, Florida, United States 11
Seattle Municipal Tower 1990 Seattle, Washington, United States 40
Petronas Twin Towers 1999 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 41/42
Izumi Garden Tower 2002 Tokyo, Japan –
First World Hotel 2008 Genting Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia 3, 8
Taipei 101 2004 Taipei, Taiwan 35/36, 59/60
Shin Kong Life Tower 1993 Taipei, Taiwan 16
Revenue Tower 1990 Wan Chai, Hong Kong –
Immigration Tower 1990 Wan Chai, Hong Kong –
Central Plaza 1992 Wan Chai, Hong Kong –
The Center 1998 Central, Hong Kong 42
Two International Finance Centre 2003 Central, Hong Kong 33, 35, 55, 56
Bloomberg Tower 2004 New York City, New York, United States 6, 20
Nina Tower 2006 Tsuen Wan, New Territories, Hong Kong 41
One Island East 2005 Quarry Bay, Hong Kong –
The Bow 2007 Calgary, Alberta, Canada 18, 36, 58
Shanghai World Financial Center 2008 Shanghai, China 28/29, 52/53
Burj Khalifa 2010 Dubai, United Arab Emirates 43, 76, 123
200 West Street 2009 New York City, New York, United States 11
International Commerce Centre 2010 Central, Hong Kong 48/49, 98/99
Jeddah Tower 2018 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia – [3]
One World Trade Center 2014 New York City, New York, United States 64
Rosslyn Central Place Office Tower 2016 Arlington, Virginia, United States 6
Australia 108 2019 Melbourne, Australia 83,84[4][5]
Wilshire Grand Tower 2017 Los Angeles, California, United States 70
Shanghai Tower 2015 Shanghai, China 22–23, 37–38, 52–53, 68–69, 101
Tokyo Sky Tree 2012 Sumida, Tokyo, Japan 4F, 350m
Wisma 46 1996 Jakarta, Indonesia 46
UOB Plaza Tower One 1995 Singapore, Singapore 37–38
S2 Building EEPIS 2015 Surabaya, Indonesia 1[6]
Darmo Trade Center Wonokromo 2004/2005 Wonokromo, Surabaya, Indonesia 1[7]
Abraj Al-Bait Clock Tower 2012 Makkah, Saudi Arabia M2,[8] M4[9]
Plaza Tunjungan 5 2015 Surabaya, Indonesia 20

References

  1. ↑ "Otis History: The World Trade Center". Otis Elevator Company. Archived from the original on 2006-11-15. Retrieved 2006-12-07.
  2. ↑ "The John Hancock Center". Earl Reid. Retrieved 2008-01-07.
  3. ↑ "Adrian Smith interview". WTTW. August 4, 2011. Retrieved 2011-08-07.
  4. ↑ "Six Star Hotel – Australia 108". Retrieved 2013-03-19.
  5. ↑ "Rising high: 108-storey super tower planned for Melbourne". The West Australian. 2012-11-12. Retrieved 2013-03-19.
  6. ↑ This is not a ground floor, and in other building on EEPIS complex, this floor is known as 2nd floor.
  7. ↑ This is not a ground floor, and the clearance between this floor and ground level is higher than roof of some building surrounding the mall
  8. ↑ Used as the hotel lobby
  9. ↑ Used as the serviced apartments lobby
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 12/2/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.