Pyramidella

Pyramidella
Two views of a shell of Pyramidella acus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Clade:	Heterobranchia
Clade:	Euthyneura
Clade:	Panpulmonata
Superfamily:	Pyramidelloidea
Family:	Pyramidellidae
Genus:	Pyramidella Lamarck, 1799
Type species
Trochus dolabratus Linnaeus, C., 1758
Synonyms[1]
Obeliscus Anonymus , 1797 = Obeliscus Gray, 1847 Plotia Röding, 1798 (Invalid: placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Names by ICZN Opinion 386.) Urambella Laseron, 1959

Pyramidella is a genus of minute to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.^[1]

Pyramidella is the type genus of the family Pyramidellidae.^[2]

Nomenclature

The generic name Pyramidella Lamarck, 1799, has been validated under the Plenary Powers of the ICZN , Opinion 386 (1955). The name Obeliscus Anonymus, 1797 [= Obeliscus Gray, 1847] has also been used for this genus, whereas the name Pyramidella was used for the genus now known as Otopleura Fischer, 1885.^[1]

General description

The shell has an elongate-conic shape, slightly striated. The many whorls of the teleoconch are usually inflated and regularly increasing. They are longitudinally ribbed or smooth. The semioval aperture is entire, widened at its base and rounded in front. .The columella has one to three folds. The sharp outer lip is entire, inferiorly sub-perforated and often plicate within with three transverse folds. The shell is usually larger than in Turbonilla. The thin operculum is horny, ovate, elongated,with very fine elements and oblique folds and folds oblique. The shell lacks an epidermis.^[3][4][5]

The shells are generally quite small, of an elegant form, elongated, marked with more or less deep spots. The general color of the body of these mollusca, is of a dull white. The operculum only, and the edge of the mantle are yellowish.^[5]

The animal has a head surmounted by broad, rather long tentacles, formed like a pointed horn, and open on the side. The mouth is situated in a flattened, wide, dilated, and quite deeply two-lobed muzzle, separated from the foot by a groove. The respiratory cavity open throughout the whole length of the mantle, bearing on its right margin a long and narrow branchia. The heart has a direction from right to left. The rectum and uterus are attached to each other along the branchiae, and terminate in an ear-shaped gutter, produced by the margin of the mantle. The mucous follicles line the upper wall of the cavity. The foot is round, without a marginal furrow, passing down before in form of an ear-shaped shield, and bearing posteriorly a membranous operculum, with laminas destitute of a spire, which possesses one or two notches to slip upon the folds of the columella.^[5]

Species

Species within the genus Pyramidella include:^[1]

Taxa inquerenda

• Pyramidella curtissima Locard, 1897
• Pyramidella suavissima Preston, 1905
• Pyramidella sykesi Preston, 1905 (original combination)
• Pyramidella tarpeia Bartsch, 1915

Subgenera and species brought into synonymy

References

• Lamarck, J.B.P.A. de Monet de 1799. Prodrome d'une nouvelle classification de coquilles, comprenent une réaction appropiée de charactères génériques, et l'établissement d'un grand nombre de genres nouveaux. Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 1: 63-91
• Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.

External links

• "Pyramidella". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). 
• GBIF info

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