Newcastle-upon-Tyne was a borough constituency in the county of Northumberland of the House of Commons of England to 1706 then of the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1918. It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs), elected by the bloc vote system.
The constituency was abolished in 1918, being split into four divisions; Newcastle-upon-Tyne Central, Newcastle-upon-Tyne East, Newcastle-upon-Tyne North and Newcastle-upon-Tyne West.
Boundaries
The constituency was based upon the town, later city, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne; in the historic county of Northumberland in North East England. In 1848, the constituency boundaries were described in A Topographical Dictionary of England [1]
The borough first exercised the elective franchise in the 23rd of Edward the First, since which time it has returned two members to parliament: the present electoral limits are co-extensive with those of the county of the town, comprising 5730 acres; the old boundaries, which were abrogated in 1832, included 2700 acres only.
When the House of Commons debated the boundaries to be used from 1832, the Tory Party suggested including Gateshead (to the south) and South Shields (to the east) within the Newcastle-upon-Tyne constituency. The Whigs resisted this idea, so these two neighbouring settlements were not incorporated into this seat.[2]
The boundaries of the parliamentary borough, as defined by the Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1832 (2 and 3 Wm. 4, c. 64), remained unchanged from 1832 until the area was divided into single member constituencies in 1918.[3] These were not necessarily identical to the boundaries used for local government purposes.
In the period after 1885, the constituency was surrounded by Wansbeck to the west and north, Tyneside to the north ease and east, Jarrow to the south east, Gateshead to the south, and Chester-le-Street to the south west.[4]
Members of Parliament
Party affiliations are derived from Stook Smith and Craig (see reference section below). Tory is used prior to the 1835 general election and Conservative from that time. Liberal candidates (as listed by Craig) before the formal creation of the party, shortly after the 1859 general election, are listed as Whig or Radical if the information is available in the work by Stooks Smith.
MPs, who were known by the same name, are distinguished in the table below and the election results by a number in brackets after the name. It is not suggested that such numbers were used by contemporaries of the individuals so numbered.
MPs 1386–1660
MPs 1660–1918
| Election | 1st Member | 1st Party | 2nd Member | 2nd Party |
| 1660 |
|
Robert Ellison |
|
|
Sir Francis Anderson |
|
| 1661 |
|
Sir John Marlay |
|
| 1673 |
|
Sir William Blackett, Bt (1) |
|
| 1679 |
|
Sir Ralph Carr |
|
| 1680 |
|
Sir Nathaniel Johnson |
|
| 1685 |
|
Sir William Blackett, Bt (2) |
|
| 1689 |
|
Sir Ralph Carr |
Tory |
| 1690 |
|
William Carr (1) |
Tory |
| 1695 |
|
Sir William Blackett, Bt (2) |
Whig |
| 1700 |
|
Sir Henry Liddell, Bt |
Whig |
| 1705 |
|
Sir William Blackett, Bt (2) |
Whig |
| 1706 |
|
Sir Henry Liddell, Bt |
Whig |
| 1710 |
|
Sir William Blackett, Bt (3)
died 1728; declared not duly elected
in 1727, in 1729 |
|
|
William Wrightson |
|
| 1722 |
|
William Carr (2) |
|
| 1727 [8] |
|
Nicholas Fenwick |
|
| 1729 on petition |
|
William Carr (2) |
|
| 1734 |
|
Sir Walter Calverley Blackett, Bt |
|
| 1747 |
|
Matthew Ridley |
|
| 1774 |
|
Sir Matthew White Ridley, Bt (1) |
|
| 1777 |
|
Sir John Trevelyan, Bt |
|
| 1780 |
|
Andrew Robinson Stoney-Bowes |
|
| 1784 |
|
Charles Brandling |
Tory |
|
Whig |
| 1798 by-election |
|
Charles John Brandling |
Tory |
| 1812 |
|
Sir Matthew White Ridley, Bt (2) |
Whig |
|
Cuthbert Ellison |
Whig |
| 1830 |
|
John Hodgson |
Tory |
| 1835 |
|
William Ord |
Whig |
| 1836 by-election |
|
John Hodgson Hinde
John Hodgson until August 1836 |
Conservative |
| 1847 |
|
Thomas Emerson Headlam |
Whig |
| 1852 |
|
John Fenwick Burgoyne Blackett |
Liberal |
| 1856 by-election |
|
George Ridley |
Liberal |
| 1859 change |
|
Liberal |
| 1860 |
|
Somerset Archibald Beaumont |
Liberal |
| 1865 |
|
Sir Joseph Cowen (1) |
Liberal |
| 1874 by-election |
|
Joseph Cowen (2) |
Liberal |
| 1874 |
|
Charles Frederick Hamond |
Conservative |
| 1880 |
|
Ashton Wentworth Dilke |
Liberal |
| 1883 by-election |
|
John Morley |
Liberal |
| 1886 |
|
James Craig |
Liberal |
| 1892 |
|
Sir Charles Frederick Hamond |
Conservative |
| 1895 |
|
William Donaldson Cruddas |
Conservative |
| 1900 |
|
Sir Walter Richard Plummer |
Conservative |
|
George Renwick |
Conservative |
| 1906 |
|
Walter Hudson |
Labour |
|
Thomas Cairns |
Liberal |
| 1908 by-election |
|
George Renwick |
Conservative |
| 1910 (January) |
|
Edward Shortt |
Liberal |
| 1918 |
Constituency abolished |
Elections
The bloc vote electoral system was used in elections to fill two seats and first past the post for single member by-elections. Each voter had up to as many votes as there were seats to be filled. Votes had to be cast by a spoken declaration, in public, at the hustings (until the secret ballot was introduced in 1872).
Note on percentage change calculations: Where there was only one candidate of a party in successive elections, for the same number of seats, change is calculated on the party percentage vote. Where there was more than one candidate, in one or both successive elections for the same number of seats, then change is calculated on the individual percentage vote (if applicable).
The reference to some candidates as Non Partisan does not, necessarily, mean that they did not have a party allegiance. It means that the sources consulted did not specify a party allegiance.
Before the Representation of the People Act 1832, the borough had an electorate limited to its freemen. There were about 2,500 voters in the second half of the 18th century.[9]
Elections of the 1710s
Elections of the 1720s
- Death of Blackett, in 1728
- On petition Carr vice Blackett
Elections of the 1730s
Elections of the 1740s
Elections of the 1750s
Elections of the 1760s
Elections of the 1770s
Elections of the 1780s
Elections of the 1790s
- Resignation of Brandling in December 1797
By-Election 1798: Newcastle-upon-Tyne
| Party |
Candidate |
Votes |
% |
± |
|
Tory |
Charles John Brandling |
Unopposed |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Tory hold |
Swing |
N/A |
|
Elections of the 1800s
Elections of the 1810s
- Ridley succeeded as the 3rd Baronet, upon the death of his father (and predecessor as MP) in 1813
Elections of the 1820s
Elections of the 1830s
Elections in the 1880s
John Morley
Armstrong
Ridley
Elections in the 1890s
Elections in the 1900s
Walter Hudson
Elections in the 1910s
Edward Shortt
General Election 1914/15:
Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;
Notes
- ↑ 'Newbottle - Newcastle-upon-Tyne', A Topographical Dictionary of England (1848), pp. 379-389. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=51171 Date accessed: 15 December 2008.
- ↑ Seymour Electoral Reform in England and Wales
- ↑ Craig Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885-1972
- ↑ Map in Craig Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885-1972
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 "BISHOPDALE, William (d.1398), of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Northumb.". History of Parliament. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "History of Parliament". Retrieved 2011-10-05.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "History of Parliament". Retrieved 2011-10-05.
- ↑ The 1727 election was disputed. As a result of an election petition, the House of Commons decided to seat Carr vice Blackett (who had died in 1728) in 1729.
- ↑ Namier and Brooke The House of Commons 1754-1790
- ↑ The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- ↑ The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- ↑ The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- ↑ The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- ↑ The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- ↑ The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
- ↑ The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
- ↑ The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- 1 2 British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
- ↑ The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
- ↑ The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
- ↑ Newcastle Journal 3 Jun 1914
- ↑ Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer 14 Sep 1914
References
- Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885-1972, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Parliamentary Reference Publications 1972)
- British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press 1977)
- British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press 1974)
- Electoral Reform in England and Wales, by Charles Seymour (David & Charles Reprints 1970)
- The House of Commons 1754-1790, by Sir Lewis Namier and John Brooke (HMSO 1964)
- The Parliaments of England by Henry Stooks Smith (1st edition published in three volumes 1844-50), second edition edited (in one volume) by F.W.S. Craig (Political Reference Publications 1973)
- Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume I 1832-1885, edited by M. Stenton (The Harvester Press 1976)
- Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Volume II 1886-1918, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (Harvester Press 1978)
- Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "N" (part 1)