Chymase

chymase 1, mast cell
Chymase with PMSF bound PDB: 1KLT
Identifiers
Symbol	CMA1
Entrez	1215
HUGO	2097
OMIM	118938
RefSeq	NM_001836
UniProt	P23946
Other data
EC number	3.4.21.39
Locus	Chr. 14 q11.2

Chymases (EC 3.4.21.39, mast cell protease 1, skeletal muscle protease, skin chymotryptic proteinase, mast cell serine proteinase, skeletal muscle protease) are a family of serine proteases found primarily in mast cells, though also present in basophil granulocytes (e.g. alpha chymase mcpt8). They show broad peptidolytic activity and are involved in a variety of functions. For example, chymases are released by mucosal mast cells upon challenge with parasites and parasite antigens promoting an inflammatory response. Chymases are also known to convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II and thus play a role in hypertension and atherosclerosis.^[1]

Because of its role in inflammation it has been investigated as a target in the treatment of asthma.^[2]

References

↑ Caughey, GH. Mast cell tryptases and chymases in inflammation and host defense. Immu Revs 2007 (217): 141-154. PMID 17498057
↑ de Garavilla et al. Journal of Biochemistry 2005(280) pp.18001-18007.

Endopeptidases: serine proteases/serine endopeptidases (EC 3.4.21)

Digestive enzymes	Enteropeptidase Trypsin Chymotrypsin Elastase Neutrophil Pancreatic

Coagulation	factors: Thrombin Factor VIIa Factor IXa Factor Xa Factor XIa Factor XIIa Kallikrein PSA KLK1 KLK2 KLK3 KLK4 KLK5 KLK6 KLK7 KLK8 KLK9 KLK10 KLK11 KLK12 KLK13 KLK14 KLK15 fibrinolysis: Plasmin Plasminogen activator Tissue plasminogen activator Urinary plasminogen activator

Complement system	Factor B Factor D Factor I MASP MASP1 MASP2 C3-convertase

Other immune system	Chymase Granzyme Tryptase Proteinase 3/Myeloblastin

Venombin	Ancrod Batroxobin

Other	Acrosin Prolyl endopeptidase Pronase Proprotein convertases 1 2 Prostasin Reelin Subtilisin/Furin Streptokinase S1P Cathepsin A G

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list)

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