Argentine general election, 2015

Argentine presidential election, 2015

25 October 2015 (First round) 22 November 2015 (Run-off)

Turnout 81.23% (First Round) 80.93% (Runoff)   Nominee Mauricio Macri Daniel Scioli Party Republican Proposal Justicialist Party Alliance Cambiemos Front for Victory Home state City of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Province Running mate Gabriela Michetti Carlos Zannini States carried 8 + CABA 15 Popular vote 12,997,938 12,317,329 Percentage 51.34% 48.66%

First round (left) and second round (right) results by province.

President before election Cristina Fernández de Kirchner FPV-PJ Elected President Mauricio Macri Republican Proposal-Cambiemos

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General elections were held in Argentina on 25 October 2015 to elect the President and National Congress, and followed primary elections which were held on 9 August 2015. A second round of voting between the two leading candidates took place on 22 November, after surprisingly close results forced a runoff.^[1] On the first runoff voting ever held for an Argentine Presidential Election, opposition leader and Buenos Aires Mayor Mauricio Macri narrowly defeated FPV candidate and Buenos Aires Province Governor Daniel Scioli.^[2]

Background

President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner was re-elected in 2011. As the Constitution of Argentina does not allow more than two consecutive terms, several politicians from the Front for Victory (FPV) speculated about a constitutional amendment to allow unlimited re-elections.^[3] This idea^[4] was heavily resisted by the opposition parties, and the FPV could not reach the required two-thirds majority in Congress. The mid-term elections in 2013 ended the FPV's hope for a constitutional amendment after they failed to win the necessary supermajority.^[5]

Electoral system

The election of the president was carried out using the ballotage system, a modified version of the two-round system in which a candidate would win if they received 45% of the vote, or if they received 40% of the vote and were 10 percentage points ahead of the second-place candidate.^[6] Voting is compulsory for citizens between 18 and 70 years old.^[7] Suffrage was also extended to 16- and 17-year-olds, though without compulsory voting.^[8]

There are a total of 257 seats of the Chamber of Deputies. There are a total of 23 provinces, but 24 electoral districts; the federal district of Buenos Aires elects its own executive and legislature and is represented in the national Congress like all other provinces.^[9] The amount of seats are distributed in relation to the population of the province. In order to be in concordance with the "one-third female" law enforces that one-third of the overall seats in the Chamber of Deputies are female. The 130 seats of the Chamber of Deputies up for election were elected from 24 multi-member constituencies based on the 23 provinces and Buenos Aires. Seats were allocated using the D'Hondt method of proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of 3%.^[7]

The 24 seats in the Senate up for election were elected in three-seat constituencies using the closed list system. Each district is represented by three senatorial seats. Each party is allowed to register up to two candidates; one of those registered must be female. The party receiving the most votes wins two seats, and the second-placed party won one.^[10] The third senatorial seat was recently established in order to better represent the largest minority in each district.

Parties and coalitions provided their own ballot papers, which voters placed in sealed envelopes. However, voters were able to cut ballot papers up and place different sections from different parties inside the envelope if they wanted to vote for different candidates or lists for different posts. Being under a Federal system, it is possible for different provinces to use different systems. In Buenos Aires and Salta electronic voting machines were used to print out a single unified ballot, with voters able to select different candidates and parties on a touch screen. Other municipalities such as Bariloche opted for a non-electronic single unified ballot.^[11] Opposition candidates, including Sergio Massa, Mauricio Macri and Margarita Stolbizer called for the nationwide implementation of a unified ballot and/or electronic voting, though Massa in particular was more cautious, saying it was more realistic for such a system to be implemented by 2017.^[12] The authority in charge of regulating elections rejected changing the system within 2015 since they claimed it would be too short term to implement the changes and explain to the public how the new system works.^[13]

Let's Change Coalition

Mauricio Macri, from the Republican Proposal, was the mayor of Buenos Aires city. Many smaller parties had created a coalition the previous year, the Broad Front UNEN. Elisa Carrió of the Civic Coalition left it to join Macri.^[14] An internal congress of the Radical Civic Union decided to do so as well, and proposing Ernesto Sanz as their precandidate.^[15] UNEN was thus disbanded, and the three candidates ran for the coalition Cambiemos. Margarita Stolbizer refused to join the coalition with Macri, and ran in a separate party instead.^[16]

Let's Change
Mauricio Macri	Gabriela Michetti
for President	for Vice President
Chief of Government of Buenos Aires (2007–2015)	National Senator from Buenos Aires (2013–2016)

Front for Victory

Initially, the FPV had several pre-candidates to the presidency, but only Daniel Scioli and Florencio Randazzo had a good reception in the opinion polls. Scioli was resisted by factions of the party that did not consider him truly loyal to Kirchner. All the minor candidates resigned when Kirchner asked them to do so.^[17] Randazzo resigned as well some weeks before the primary elections, leaving Scioli as the sole precandidate of the FPV.^[18] Randazzo did not accept to run for governor of the Buenos Aires province, which had primary elections between minister Aníbal Fernández and Julián Domínguez.^[19] Fernández won the local primary elections.

Front for Victory
Daniel Scioli	Carlos Zannini
for President	for Vice President
Governor of Buenos Aires (2007–2015)	Secretary for President of Argentina (2003–2015)

Other presidential candidates

in alphabetical order

Candidates included in this section have received more than 5% in approval ratings in recent national polls.
Nicolás del Caño	Sergio Massa	Adolfo Rodríguez Saá	Margarita Stolbizer
Member of Congress (2013–2015)	Member of Congress (2013–present)	Member of Congress (2005–present)	Member of Congress (2009–present)
Workers' Left Front	United for a New Alternative	Federal Commitment	Progressives

Campaign and controversies

With Kirchner unable to run, three candidates led the opinion polls; Daniel Scioli, Sergio Massa and Mauricio Macri.^[20] Several controversies took place during the time of the elections, or related to the elections themselves.

The primary elections and some local elections had scandals of Electoral fraud. There was a frequent theft of ballot papers from the polling places. State-owned Correo Argentino collects the results of each school and sends them to a centralized location for their global count; there have been reports of inconsistencies between the results signed in the schools and those informed by Correo Argentino. Tucumán even had a case of people burning ballot boxes, which led to several demonstrations at Plaza Independencia. There was policial repression on those demonstrations, leading to further scandals.

Journalist Jorge Lanata aired an interview with a prisoner sentenced for the 2008 Triple crime, who claimed that Aníbal Fernández was the mastermind of that crime. This increased the tensions between Fernández and Domínguez, as Fernández considered that Domínguez helped Lanata somehow. Scioli stayed away from both precandidates to governor in the last week before the primary elections, which were won by Fernández.^[21]

Ariel Velázquez, a sympathizer of the Radical Civic Union, was shot in his house in Jujuy, after taking part in the political campaign. He died two weeks later, and the Tupac Amaru organization (led by Kirchnerite Milagro Sala) was blamed for it. President Cristina Kirchner claimed that he was not a Radical, which was refuted by his family.^[21]

Several cities in the Buenos Aires Province suffered big floods during the primary elections, and the following week. The flood affected 10,000 people. Daniel Scioli had left to Italy at that moment, and made a rushed return. Mauricio Macri considered it a result of poor urban planning under Scioli's provincial government, and compared it with the lack of flooding in Buenos Aires during the same storm, which had undergone flood prevention works under his leadership. Scioli accused users of social networks to plot to damage his public image, and claimed that he has all of them identified.^[21]

Vote buying is also a common tool utilized in Argentine elections. As for this election, the director for the Center for Research and Social Action, Rodrigo Zarazaga stated, “Vote buying strategies will probably sway 5 to 12 percent of Argentine voters on Sunday.” An example of vote buying during this election took place in Buenos Aires. Voters in this area were given the option to vote for particular candidates during the municipal elections in Tucumán. The Argentine citizens that actually promised had received “sacks stuffed with bottles of cooking oil, pasta and flour.”^[22]

Results

Primary elections

Primary elections were held on 9 August 2015; any party receiving less than 1.5% of the vote would not be allowed to contest the full elections. Scioli got the 38.41% of the vote, and nearly 8 percentage points of advantage over Macri; both figures would have placed him near to avoid ballotage in the main elections, but not enough. Sergio Massa stayed in the third place and kept an important number of votes. Both Macri and Massa defeated with ease their rivals in the primary elections; Scioli, Stolbizer and Rodríguez Saá were the single candidates of their respective parties. Nicolás del Caño defeated Altamira, and became the unexpected candidate for the Worker's Left Front.

Party		Presidential candidate	Running mate	Candidate votes		Overall votes
				Votes	%	Votes	%
	Front for Victory	Daniel Scioli	Carlos Zannini	8,720,573	100	8,720,573	38.67
	Cambiemos	Mauricio Macri	Gabriela Michetti	5,523,413	81.33	6,791,278	30.12
		Ernesto Sanz	Lucas Llach	753,825	11.10
		Elisa Carrió	Hector Flores	514,040	7.57
	United for a New Alternative	Sergio Massa	Gustavo Sáenz	3,230,887	69.64	4,639,405	20.57
		José Manuel de la Sota	Claudia Rucci	1,408,518	30.36
	Progresistas	Margarita Stolbizer	Miguel Ángel Olaviaga	769,316	100	781,472	3.47
	Workers' Left Front	Nicolás del Caño	Myriam Bregman	375,874	51.29	732,851	3.25
		Jorge Altamira	Juan Carlos Giordano	356,977	48.71
	Federal Commitment	Adolfo Rodríguez Saá	Liliana Negre de Alonso	472,341	100	472,341	2.09
	People's Front	Victor De Gennaro	Evangelina Codoni	106,324	100	106,324	0.47
	Movement for Socialism	Manuela Castañeira	Jorge Ayala	103,742	100	103,742	0.46
	Workers' Socialist Movement	Alejandro Bodart	Vilma Ripoll	95,780	100	95,780	0.42
	Popular Party	Mauricio Yattah	Maria Moretta	67,798	100	67,798	0.30
	Neighborhood Action Movement	Raúl Albarracín	Gaston Dib	39,512	100	39,512	0.18
Invalid/blank votes						1,267,552	–
Total						24,021,816	100
Registered voters/turnout							74.91
Source: Elecciones Argentinas

President

Opinion polls previous to the result suggested that Scioli would win by a wide margin, and might even be able to avoid a ballotage. However, the final results showed only a narrow lead for Scioli, with his 37.08% just ahead of Macri's 34.15%, leading to new elections on 22 November. Massa got the third place, with 21% of the vote, and both candidates sought to secure the voters that had voted for him. Both candidates were polarized on the opinion about the presidency of Cristina Kirchner: Scioli proposes to keep most of the Kirchnerite policies, and Macri to change them. In the legislative elections, the FPV lost the majority of the chamber of deputies, but keeps the majority of the senate.^[23]

Scioli declined to attend the first leaders' debate previous to the elections, which was held between the other five candidates instead. When the ballotage was confirmed, he asked Macri for a presidential debate between both candidates, which was accepted.^[24] Two debates were being organized: one by the NGO "Argentina debate", and another one by the TV news channel Todo Noticias. Macri preferred to take part in a single debate with Scioli, and opted for the one organized by Argentina Debate.^[25]

Macri criticized Scioli for a negative campaigning launched by the Front for Victory.^[26] Several politicians and state institutions run by the FPV released messages warning about terrible things that may happen if Macri was elected president.^[27] Scioli claims that it was a campaign to encourage public awareness.^[28] It is rumored that the campaign may been suggested by the Brazilian João Santana, who organized a similar one in Brazil during the ballotage of Dilma Rousseff and Aécio Neves.^[29]

The ballotage was held on November 22. Daniel Scioli accepted his defeat when 70% of the votes were counted; the provisional results were 53% and 47% at that moment.^[30] The distance between both candidates slowly reduced in the following hours, leading to a victory of a smaller margin for Macri than most exit polls suggested.^[31] Nevertheless, his victory has ended the 12-year rule of Kirchnerism in the country.^[32]

Party		Presidential candidate	Running mate	First round		Second round
				Votes	%	Votes	%
	Cambiemos	Mauricio Macri	Gabriela Michetti	8,601,131	34.15	12,997,938	51.34
	Front for Victory	Daniel Scioli	Carlos Zannini	9,338,490	37.08	12,317,329	48.66
	United for a New Alternative	Sergio Massa	Gustavo Sáenz	5,386,977	21.39
	Workers' Left Front	Nicolás del Caño	Myriam Bregman	812,530	3.23
	Progresistas	Margarita Stolbizer	Miguel Ángel Olaviaga	632,551	2.51
	Federal Commitment	Adolfo Rodríguez Saá	Liliana Negre de Alonso	412,578	1.64
Invalid/blank votes				864,189	–	637,639	–
Total votes				26,048,320	100	25,952,906	100
Registered voters/turnout				32,067,641	81.23	32,064,684	80.93
Source: Cámara Nacional Electoral

Results by state first round

States/districts won by Daniel Scioli

States/districts won by Mauricio Macri

States/districts won by Sergio Massa

States/districts won by Adolfo Rodriguez Saa

	Daniel Scioli FPV		Mauricio Macri PRO		Sergio Massa FR		Nicolas Del Caño FIT		Margarita Stolbizer Progresistas		Adolfo Rodriguez Saa CF		Margin		State total
State	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#
Buenos Aires	3,563,089	37.28	3,134,779	32.80	2,143,827	22.43	351,786	3.68	272,801	2.85	90,448	0.95	428,310	4.48	9,556,730
Capital Federal	476,632	24.09	1,001,379	50.61	302,065	15.27	84,238	4.26	100,462	5.08	13,856	0.70	-524,747	-26.52	1,978,632
Catamarca	98,831	44.84	78,958	35.82	35,046	15.90	3,447	1.56	2,419	1.10	1,718	0.78	19,873	9.02	220,419
Chaco	352,304	53.69	185,563	28.28	97,469	14.85	9,315	1.42	6,990	1.07	4,509	0.69	166,741	25.41	656,150
Chubut	121,314	41.67	62,142	21.34	86,026	29.55	10,439	3.59	8,466	2.91	2,749	0.94	35,288	12.12	291,136
Cordoba	418,221	19.26	1,155,333	53.22	443,204	20.41	69,051	3.18	38,998	1.80	46,235	2.13	-712,129	-32.81	2,171,042
Corrientes	313,292	50.26	198,241	31.81	95,106	15.26	6,824	1.09	6,487	1.04	3,342	0.54	115,051	18.45	623,292
Entre Rios	313,022	37.64	314,057	37.76	164,799	19.81	14,420	1.73	17,501	2.10	7,925	0.95	-1,035	-0.12	831,724
Formosa	217,026	66.98	48,742	15.04	53,817	16.61	2,615	0.81	1,116	0.34	696	0.21	163,209	50.94	324,012
Jujuy	152,345	37.58	69,882	17.24	168,571	41.59	9,564	2.36	3,144	0.78	1,846	0.46	-16,226	-4.01	405,352
La Pampa	79,963	37.94	70,783	33.59	45,465	21.57	5,332	2.53	5,509	2.61	3,704	1.76	9,180	4.35	210,756
La Rioja	73,527	36.32	64,106	31.67	52,492	25.93	3,403	1.68	2,199	1.09	6,706	3.31	9,421	4.65	202,433
Mendoza	341,163	31.36	443,913	40.81	156,503	14.39	82,734	7.61	15,698	1.44	47,874	4.40	-102,750	-9.45	1,087,885
Misiones	403,671	61.11	149,940	22.70	90,464	13.70	5,809	0.88	8,244	1.25	2,392	0.36	253,731	48.41	660,520
Neuquen	132,691	35.74	103,860	27.97	98,061	26.41	20,055	5.40	9,883	2.66	6,745	1.82	28,831	7.77	371,295
Rio Negro	179,872	45.20	89,103	22.39	96,769	24.32	15,506	3.90	11,119	2.79	5,604	1.41	83,103	20.88	397,973
Salta	292,699	40.98	146,875	20.56	242,704	33.98	19,036	2.66	7,506	1.05	5,498	0.77	49,995	7.00	714,318
San Juan	192,377	45.96	86,920	20.76	111,444	26.62	6,127	1.46	7,264	1.74	14,470	3.46	80,933	19.34	418,602
San Luis	43,442	15.58	86,225	30.93	37,810	13.56	4,947	1.77	3,702	1.33	102,684	36.83	-16,459	-5.90	278,810
Santa Cruz	82,595	47.06	44,880	25.57	39,626	22.58	5,533	3.15	2,064	1.18	794	0.45	37,715	21.49	175,492
Santa Fe	640,924	31.77	712,100	35.29	500,897	24.83	53,801	2.67	79,721	3.95	30,168	1.50	71,176	-3.52	2,017,611
Santiago del Estero	351,388	63.13	81,825	14.70	107,427	19.30	8,099	1.46	5,268	0.95	2,595	0.47	243,961	43.83	556,602
Tierra Del Fuego	42,049	45.52	20,226	21.90	21,601	23.39	4,055	4.39	2,978	3.22	1,458	1.58	20,448	22.13	92,367
Tucuman	456,053	48.46	251,299	26.70	195,784	20.80	16,394	1.74	13,012	1.38	8,562	0.91	204,754	21.76	941,104
Totals:	9,338,490	37.08	8,601,131	34.15	5,386,977	21.39	812,530	3.23	632.551	2.51	412,578	1.64	737,359	2.93	25,184,257

Source:

Results by state second round

States/districts won by Mauricio Macri

States/districts won by Daniel Scioli

	Mauricio Macri PRO		Daniel Scioli FPV		Margin		State total
State	#	%	#	%	#	%	#
Buenos Aires	4,662,935	48.85	4,882,082	51.15	-219,147	-2.30	9,545,017
Capital Federal	1,258,151	64.80	683,545	35.20	574,606	29.60	1,941,696
Catamarca	102,440	46.86	116,158	53.14	-13,718	-6.28	218,598
Chaco	278,001	40.81	403,280	59.19	-125,279	-18.38	681,281
Chubut	130,163	41.15	186,155	58.85	-55,992	-17.70	316,318
Cordoba	1,546,831	71.52	616,002	28.48	930,829	43.04	2,162,833
Corrientes	286,345	44.64	355,119	55.36	-68,774	-10.72	641,464
Entre Rios	453,149	53.86	388,219	46.14	64,930	7.72	841,368
Formosa	116,725	36.08	206,762	63.92	-90,037	-27.84	323,487
Jujuy	214,429	52.89	190,959	47.11	23,470	5.78	405,388
La Pampa	108,543	51.03	104,169	48.97	4,374	2.06	212,712
La Rioja	114,963	56.50	88,502	43.50	16,461	13.00	203,465
Mendoza	625,983	57.53	462,186	42.47	163,797	15.06	1,088,169
Misiones	280,762	41.93	388,910	58.07	-108,148	-16.14	669,672
Neuquen	177,935	47.15	199,425	52.85	-21,490	-5.70	377,360
Rio Negro	148,087	37.14	250,621	62.86	-102,534	-25.72	398,708
Salta	323,818	44.77	399,518	55.23	-75,700	-10.46	723,336
San Juan	175,377	40.20	260,937	59.80	-85,560	-19.60	463,314
San Luis	178,156	64.13	99,667	35.87	78,489	28.26	277,823
Santa Cruz	72,876	41.67	102,003	58.33	-29,127	-16.66	174,879
Santa Fe	1,141,121	55.72	906,826	44.28	234,295	11.44	2,047,947
Santiago del Estero	154,955	27.91	400,331	72.09	-245,376	-44.18	555,286
Tierra Del Fuego	38,407	41.34	54,503	58.66	-16,096	-17.32	92,910
Tucuman	398,197	41.40	563,696	58.60	-165,499	-17.20	961,893
Totals:	12,988,349	51.34	12,309,575	48.66	678,774	2.68	25,297,924

Source:

Congress

Senate

Argentine Senate election, 2015

25 October 2015

Majority party Minority party   Leader Miguel Ángel Pichetto Luis Petcoff Naidenoff Party FPV-PJ Cambiemos Leader since 2001 2011 Leader's seat Río Negro Formosa Seats before 39 at stake: 8 20 at stake: 12   Third party Fourth party   Leader Adolfo Rodríguez Saá Fernando Solanas Party FP-PJ Progresistas Leader since 2005 2013 Leader's seat San Luis City of Buenos Aires Seats before 5 at stake: 2 4 at stake: 2

Senate Majority Leader before election Miguel Ángel Pichetto FPV-PJ Elected Senate Majority Leader Miguel Ángel Pichetto FPV-PJ

Party/Affiliation		Total seats	Seats not up	Seats up
	Front for Victory & Allies	39	31	8
	Justicialist Party—Front for Victory	32	28	4
	Civic Front for Santiago	2	2	0
	Justicialist Party—La Pampa	2	0	2
	Front for Integration	2	0	2
	Popular Front	1	1	0
	Cambiemos	20	8	12
	Radical Civic Union	10	3	7
	Union PRO	2	2	0
	Civic and Social Front of Catamarca	2	0	2
	Córdoba Civic Front	2	0	2
	Civic Coalition ARI	1	1	0
	Unión por Chaco	1	1	0
	Union For Entre Ríos	1	1	0
	Liberal Party of Corrientes	1	0	1
	Federal Peronism & Allies	5	3	2
	Justicialist Party—Federal Commitment	2	2	0
	Justicialist October 8	1	1	0
	Santa Fe Federal	1	0	1
	Federalismo Santafesino	1	0	1
	Progresistas	4	2	2
	Proyecto Sur	1	1	0
	Generation for a National Encounter	1	1	0
	Socialist Party	1	0	1
	Frente de Todos	1	0	1
	United for a New Alternative	1	1	0
Producción y Trabajo	1	1	0
	Others	3	3	0
	Neuquén People's Movement	2	2	0
	Fueguino People's Movement	1	1	0
Total		72	48	24

Catamarca^[33]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	83,387	50.76	2
	Progressive, Civic and Social Front	65,028	39.58	1
	Third Position Front	15,878	9.66	-
	Against all	23,515	12.44	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		991	0.52	–

Córdoba^[34]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Cambiemos	1,056,107	50.25	2
	Union for Córdoba	443,311	21.09	1
	Front for Victory	383,185	18.23	-
	Workers' Left Front	109,519	5.21	-
	Progresistas	62,214	2.96	-
	Es posible	47,530	2.26	-
	Against all	66,510	3.04	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		16.963	0.78	–

Corrientes^[35]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	298,846	53.04	2
	Meeting for Corrientes	183,712	32.61	1
	United for a New Alternative	80,858	14.35	-
	Against all	31,198	3.22	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		3,036	0.51	–

Chubut^[36]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	98,598	42.81	2
	We are all Chubut	79,329	34.45	1
	Cambiemos	44.321	19.25	-
	Against all	66,726	22.03	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		5,284	1.74	–

La Pampa^[37]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	79,505	45.89	2
	Frepam	68,646	39.72	1
	Pueblo Nuevo	20,996	12.12	-
	Against all	43,874	20.03	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		1,655	0.76	–

Mendoza^[38]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Cambiemos	450.595	42,89	2
	Front for Victory	320,484	30.51	1
	Renewal federal front of hope	133,396	12.70	-
	Workers' Left Front	102,167	9.72	-
	Es posible	43,946	4.18	-
	Against all	42,845	3.87	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		12,794	1.16	–

Santa Fe^[39]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Cambiemos	704,358	35.30	2
	Front for Victory	633,968	31.77	1
	United for a New Alternative	495,005	24.81	-
	Progresistas	78,879	3.95	-
	Workers' Left Front	53,451	2.68	-
	Federal Commitment	29,924	1.50	-
	Against all	52,318	2.52	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		22,878	1.10	–

Tucumán^[40]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	414,977	50.34	2
	Cambiemos	293,822	35.64	1
	Participación ciudadana	93,378	11.33	-
	Workers' Left Front	22,251	2,70	-
	Against all	104,543	11.17	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		5,999	0.64	–

Chamber of Deputies

Argentine Deputies election, 2015

25 October 2015

Majority party Minority party Third party   Leader Julián Domínguez Mario Negri Mario Das Neves Party FPV-PJ Cambiemos UNA-PJ Leader since 2011 2013 2013 Leader's seat Buenos Aires Province Cordoba Chubut Seats before 132 at stake: 84 68 at stake: 21 28 at stake: 8   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Juan Zabalza Lino Aguilar Nicolás del Caño Party Progresistas FP-PJ WLF Leader since 2011 2013 2015 Leader's seat Santa Fe San Luis Mendoza Seats before 14 at stake: 9 5 at stake: 3 3 at stake: 0

Chamber of Deputies Majority Leader before election Julián Domínguez FPV-PJ Elected Chamber of Deputies Majority Leader Julián Domínguez FPV-PJ

Party/Affiliation		Total seats	Seats not up	Seats up
	Front for Victory & Allies	132	48	84
	Justicialist Party—Front for Victory	119	42	77
	Civic Front for Santiago	7	3	4
	New Encounter Front	3	1	2
	Justicialist Party—La Pampa	1	1	0
	Popular Solidarity Movement	1	1	0
	Front for Social Inclusion	1	0	1
	Cambiemos	68	47	21
	Radical Civic Union	36	23	13
	Union PRO	18	14	4
	Civic Coalition ARI	3	3	0
	Civic and Social Front of Catamarca	2	2	0
	Sum +	2	2	0
	Cordoba Civic Front	2	0	2
	Popular Conservative Party	1	1	0
	Liberal Party of Corrientes	1	1	0
	Union For Entre Ríos	1	1	0
	Democratic Party (Mendoza)	1	0	1
	UDESO Salta	1	0	1
	United for a New Alternative	28	20	8
	Justicialist Party—Renewal Front	17	13	4
	Alliance Union of Cordoba	3	3	0
	Work and Dignity	2	2	0
	Culture, Education and Work	2	1	1
	Unión Celeste y Blanco	1	1	0
	Peronismo Más Al Sur	1	0	1
	Unir	1	0	1
	Bloque Fe	1	0	1
	Progresistas	14	5	9
	Socialist Party	8	3	5
	Generation for a National Encounter	4	1	3
	Proyecto Sur	1	1	0
	Freemen of the South Movement	1	0	1
	Federal Peronism & Allies	5	2	3
	Justicialist Party—Federal Commitment	5	2	3
	Workers' Left Front	3	3	0
	Workers' Party—Workers' Left Front	2	2	0
	Socialist Workers' Party—Workers' Left Front	1	1	0
	Popular Path	3	0	3
	Popular Path	3	0	3
	Others	4	2	2
	Neuquén People's Movement	3	2	1
	Fueguino People's Movement	1	0	1
Total		257	127	130

City of Buenos Aires^[41]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Cambiemos	895,391	45.80	6
	Front for Victory	437,380	22.37	3
	United for a New Alternative	280,213	14.33	2
	Progresistas	166,726	8.53	1
	Workers' Left Front	107,038	5.48	-
	Against all	44,988	2.24	–
Total valid votes			100.00	12
Invalid votes		11,884	0.59	–

Buenos Aires province^[42]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	3,354,619	37.28	14
	Cambiemos	3,037,552	33.75	12
	United for a New Alternative	1,888,415	20.98	8
	Workers' Left Front	401,536	4.46	1
	Progresistas	317,448	3.53	-
	Against all	800,389	8.12	–
Total valid votes			100.00	35
Invalid votes		52,830	0.54	–

Catamarca^[43]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	97,349	50.49	1
	Social and civic front	77,507	40.20	1
	Third position aliance	17,949	9.31	-
	Against all	44,167	18,59	–
Total valid votes			100.00	2
Invalid votes		612	0.26	–

Córdoba^[44]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Cambiemos	1,048,332	49.86	5
	Union for Córdoba	443,545	21.09	2
	Front for Victory	379,752	18.06	2
	Workers' Left Front	119,243	5.67	-
	Progresistas	64,082	3.05	-
	Es posible	47,671	2.27	-
	Against all	65,460	2.99	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		17,012	0.78	–

Corrientes^[45]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	292,296	51,97	3
	Meeting for Corrientes	183,856	32.69	1
	United for a New Alternative	86,282	15.34	-
	Against all	75,930	11.84	–
Total valid votes			100.00	4
Invalid votes		2,709	0.42	–

Chaco^[46]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	343,023	53.75	2
	Cambiemos	179,386	28.11	1
	United for a New Alternative	92,247	14.46	-
	Del obrero	12,778	2.00	-
	Progresistas	7,845	1.23	-
	Against all	27,398	4.10	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		2,807	0.42	–

Chubut^[47]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	103,460	42.44	2
	Chubut somos todos	85,730	35.17	1
	Cambiemos	46,281	18.99	-
	Against all	83,734	25.19	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		4,952	1.49	–

Entre Ríos^[48]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	281,808	42.29	2
	Cambiemos	273,885	41.10	2
	United for a New Alternative	110,641	16.60	-
	Against all	115,153	14.64	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		4,676	0.59	–

Formosa^[49]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	164,493	70.61	2
	Formoseño Broad Front	68,465	29.39	1
	Against all	24,277	9.36	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		1,847	0.71	–

Jujuy^[50]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Cambia Jujuy	179,457	57.10	2
	Front for Victory	117,650	37.43	1
	Workers' Left Front	17,174	5.46	-
	Against all	67,410	17.5	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		2,940	0.76	–

La Pampa^[51]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	79,508	46.15	1
	Frepam proposal	68,468	39.74	1
	New people	20,444	11.87	-
	Against all	45,000	20.53	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		1,598	0.73	–

La Rioja^[52]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Cambiemos	88,911	51.31	2
	Front for Victory	71,812	41.44	1
	Es posible	8,008	4.62	-
	Against all	24,531	12.30	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		1,543	0.77	–

Mendoza^[53]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Cambiemos	431,793	41.24	3
	Front for Victory	313,442	29.93	2
	United for a New Alternative	134,684	12.86	-
	Workers' Left Front	389,846	4.51	1
	Progresistas	123,225	11.77	-
	Against all	45,515	4.11	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		13,022	1.18	–

Misiones^[54]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	374,782	66.02	4
	Cambiemos	70,107	12.35	-
	Against all	97,941	14.62	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		4,190	0.63	–

Neuquen^[55]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	96,471	28.72	1
	Cambiemos	84,908	25.28	1
	Popular union	60,673	18.06	-
	Against all	43,896	11.33	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		7,487	1.93	–

Río Negro^[56]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	160,498	57.74	2
	Cambiemos	84,448	30.38	1
	Obrero	18,186	6.54	-
	Against all	119,446	29.68	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		4,837	1.20	–

Salta^[57]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	262,906	41.34	2
	United for a New Alternative	178,795	28.11	1
	Cambiemos	152,000	23.90	1
	Obrero	42,255	6.64	-
	Against all	20,255	3.07	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		2,722	0.41	–

San Juan^[58]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	206,115	55.72	2
	Compromiso con San Juan	99,146	26.80	1
	Cambiemos	57,606	15.57	-
	Against all	44,420	10.63	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		3,127	0.75	–

San Luis^[59]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Federal commitment	146,187	63.39	2
	Cambiemos	52,920	22.95	-
	Against all	47,882	17.00	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		2,843	1.01	–

Santa Cruz^[60]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Unión para vivir mejor	72,615	49.28	1
	Front for Victory	68,129	46.23	1
	Workers' Left Front	6,619	4.49	-
	Against all	28,158	15.86	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		1,774	1.00	–

Santa Fe^[61]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	589,395	31.49	4
	Cambiemos	570,217	30.46	3
	United for a New Alternative	410,829	21.95	2
	Progresistas	205,421	10.97	1
	Workers' Left Front	71,909	3.84	-
	Against all	169,676	8.20	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		25,163	1.22	–

Santiago del Estero^[62]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	337,155	65.63	3
	United for a New Alternative	98,645	19.20	1
	Cambiemos	77,931	15.17	-
	Against all	36,548	6.61	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		2,324	0.42	–

Tucumán^[63]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	404,652	51.38	3
	Cambiemos	264,389	33.57	2
	Movimiento de participación ciudadana	93,084	11.82	-
	Against all	136,607	14.68	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		5,572	0.60	–

Tierra del Fuego^[64]

Parties		Votes	%	Seats
	Front for Victory	32,463	41.98	2
	Cambiemos	14,392	18.61	1
	True Renewal Front	13,839	17.90	-
	Against all	14,243	15.08	–
Total valid votes			100.00	3
Invalid votes		2,793	2.96	–

Provincial governors

On the 25 October elections numerous provinces also elected governors, with the new ones beginning their terms on 10 December 2015. These provinces were Buenos Aires province, Catamarca, Chubut, Entre Ríos, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, Misiones, San Juan, San Luis and Santa Cruz, encompassing 11 of the country's 23 provinces. The other provinces elected governors in different days of 2015; the only exceptions were Corrientes and Santiago del Estero whose governors' terms were not due to finish in 2015.^[65]

María Eugenia Vidal was elected governor of the populous Buenos Aires Province, defeating the controversial Aníbal Fernández; her victory influenced as well the growth of Macri in the presidential elections. Similarly, the unpopular Fernández may have subtracted non-Kirchnerite votes from Scioli.^[65] The victory was considered significant given that Fernández was the incumbent Cabinet Chief of the Kirchner administration, and that Vidal was directly replacing Daniel Scioli's post as governor of the province.^[66] It is made more significant as she is the first female governor of the province, and the first non-Peronist governor since 1987. The Republican Proposal also retained the city of Buenos Aires, that elected Horacio Rodríguez Larreta as the new mayor.^[65] The PRO stronghold had gone to a second round between Larreta and Martín Lousteau (also of the Cambiemos front, but not in the same party) after the Front for Victory's Mariano Recalde finished third.^[67] Juan Schiaretti won the elections in Córdoba, and he is the single governor of the UNA ticket.^[65] The socialist Miguel Lifschitz was elected governor of Santa Fe, after a controversial triple tie with the PJ and PRO. Carlos Verna was reelected governor of La Pampa.^[65]

The votes in Entre Ríos had a slow count. During a week, the provisional results suggested that Gustavo Bordet may be the new governor of Entre Ríos, but Alfredo de Angeli claimed that the uncounted votes may turn the tide and make him the winner instead.^[68] The final results were released on October 30, confirming the victory of Bordet. In Misiones, Hugo Passalacqua, vice governor of Maurice Closs was elected governor by a wide margin.^[65]

Rosana Bertone was elected governor of Tierra del Fuego. The radical Eduardo Costa got the higher number of votes in Santa Cruz, but Alicia Kirchner was elected governor, thanks to the Ley de Lemas. The former governor of Chubut Mario Das Neves was elected again. Neuquén and Río Negro elected Omar Gutiérrez and Alberto Weretilneck, who ran for local parties.^[65]

Mendoza provided an early victory for the opposition, by the radical Alfredo Cornejo. Alberto Rodríguez Saá was elected governor of San Luis once again. The Front for Victory retained the provinces of San Juan and La Rioja, with Sergio Uñac and Sergio Casas.^[65]

Lucía Corpacci was reelected in Catamarca and Gildo Insfrán was reelected in Formosa. In Chaco, Domingo Peppo was elected governor. Juan Manuel Urtubey got an important victory in Salta against Romero, and kept the province for the FPV. The radical Gerardo Morales was elected governor of Jujuy, the first non-Peronist one since the return of democracy in 1983. He expects to have a tense relation with the populist Milagro Sala. Juan Luis Manzur was elected governor of Tucumán, but the denounces of electoral fraud became a national scandal. The elections were first declared null by local judge, and then ratified by the local Supreme Court. The case is currently held by the national Supreme Court.^[65][69][70]

International reaction

Americas

•  Brazil – Despite the ruling Workers' party having supported Scioli during the campaign, Brazilian president Dilma Rousseff congratulated Macri and invited him to a state visit "as soon as possible", while she is also set to attend Macri's inauguration as president. The pair have stated that improving bilateral relations between the two countries, as well as strengthening the Mercosur trade bloc.^[71]
•  Chile – Chilean president Michelle Bachelet contacted Macri by phone and spoke about the importance for both countries which can maintain the spirit of cooperation, integration and development which characterizes their common history and the importance of further work for Latin America.^[72]
•  Colombia – Colombian president Juan Manuel Santos expressed "Congratulations to Mauricio Macri for his victory in presidential elections in Argentina. Successes in his management. It has our full support"^[73]
•  Ecuador – Ecuadorian president Rafael Correa congratulated Macri for his victory and wished him "the best of luck". While commenting on the presidencies of the Kirchners, he stated that "12 years ago Argentina was reborn like a phoenix, after neoliberalism had left it in ashes" whilst thanking the incumbent Cristina Fernández de Kirchner.^[74]
•  Mexico – Mexican president Enrique Peña Nieto stated that "Mexico will work with" Macri's government to strengthen "bilateral relations and the wellbeing of Latin America".^[75]
•  Peru – Peruvian President Ollanta Humala contacted with Macri in order to congratulate him on his election victory and point out that the Peruvian Government has "strong will" to strengthen ties with his country, reported the Peruvian Foreign Ministry.^[76]
•  United States – The United States Secretary of State John Kerry congratulated the country for its "successful elections", adding that he was "looking forward to working closely" with Macri and his government.^[77] Meanwhile, United States Ambassador to Argentina Noah Mamet wished Macri well.^[75] Members of the United States House of Representatives later asked Barack Obama in a letter to prioritise US-Argentine relations during 2016, stating that "The United States and Argentina should be natural partners. Both have highly educated populations, diversified economies and vast natural resources" and calling such a relationship a "win-win" for both countries. The letter also stressed the importance of reversing high levels of anti-americanism in the country and resolving the holdout problem with the Vulture Funds, among other key issues.^[78] Obama later congratulated Macri personally, while an official White House statement confirmed that the President intends to strengthen ties.^[79]
•  Uruguay – Uruguayan president Tabaré Vázquez greeted Mauricio Macri in a telephone interview for his victory in presidential runoff and asked him to convey the congratulations to the people of Argentina for the civic maturity demonstrated during the election.^[80]
•  Venezuela – On November 23, Venezuela's opposition hailed Macri's presidential win in Argentina as a blow for leftists in Latin America and a good omen for their own duel with "Chavismo" in next month's parliamentary vote. "That was a big disappointment for Venezuela's ruling socialist "Chavismo" movement, which had a close political alliance with Fernández."^[81] Diosdado Cabello called Macri a "fascist", and asked him to stay away of Venezuelan internal affairs, as Macri had proposed to remove Venezuela from the Mercosur because of the treatment to Leopoldo López and other political prisoners.^[82]

Asia

•  China – "China congratulates Mr. Macri on being elected as the new Argentinean president and wishes the Argentinean people new achievements in their national development," Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said at a regular press briefing.^[83]
•  Israel – Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu says he hopes ties between two countries to strengthen, invites Mauricio Macri to visit Israel.^[84]

Europe

•  France – French President François Hollande sent a telegram to Macri and expressed "We will have the opportunity at that time to deepen our dialogue and our bilateral relationship that is one of the densest known to the Latin American continent". Hollande also confirmed a state visit to Argentina in February 2016.^[85]
•  Germany – German Chancellor Angela Merkel also congratulated Macri and requested that he make a state visit. She added that the two countries have "always been deeply tied", particularly in the area of science which she deemed "one of the pillars" of the two countries' relations. Merkel also remarked that she would be "thankful" if the countries could strengthen cooperation "in all areas".^[86]
•  Italy – Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi called Macri on the night of his victory and stated that he will meet soon with the new president to "open a new page of collaboration between the two countries". He also highlighted the historical and cultural ties between the two countries, stating that "it is the country with the largest presence of Italian citizens in the world", numbering some 900,000. The Cambiemos victory also provoked much reaction in the domestic Italian press.^[87]
•  Russia – In a telegram to Macri, Russian President Vladimir Putin expressed his hopes that the two countries will continue to increase the "bilateral cooperation within diverse areas and the coordination of efforts to resolve current occurrences within the international agenda", adding that "the fundamental intesests of the people of Russia and Argentina contribute to guarantee the stability and security of Latin America and the world", while reminding Macri that the countries had recently celebrated 130 years of diplomatic relations. Putin also made reference to the ongoing nuclear power and hydrocarbon extraction projects between the countries.^[88]
•  Spain – Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy, who has a close relationship with Macri, congratulated him and invited him to carry out a state visit "as soon as possible", stating that he is confident that the new government will "lead this new stage with success" while offering "the necessary support to consolidate the historical ties of friendship, fraternity and cooperation". The relationship between Spain and Argentina had become increasingly tense under the presidency of Cristina Kirchner, particularly after the Renationalization of YPF in 2012.^[89]
•  United Kingdom – UK Prime Minister David Cameron called Macri to congratulate him and offered his support for his presidency. A Downing Street spokesperson stated that "both leaders expect to meet in the near future", emphasising trade relations and investments, while also prioritising the establishment of a free trade agreement between MERCOSUR and the European Union "as soon as possible".^[90]

Financial sector

The MERVAL index climbed 28% to record highs in the four weeks leading up to the run-off, largely attributed to a potential Cambiemos victory, though this dropped 3% on the day following the election.^[91] JPMorgan lowered Argentina's risk index by 16% on the day following the election, to levels not seen since 2011, while Argentine bonds increased across the board.^[92] Similarly, Moody's raised the country's outlook from "stable" to "positive" following the election.^[93]

Notes

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2015 Argentine general election.

• Official site (Spanish)
• Official results (Spanish)
• Registro nacional de electores (Spanish)