Beijing–Shanghai railway

The Beijing–Shanghai railway or Jinghu railway (simplified Chinese: 京沪铁路; traditional Chinese: 京滬鐵路; pinyin: Jīnghù tiělù) is a railway line between Beijing and Shanghai.

Beijing–Shanghai railway
The Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, an important part of the railway, was opened for traffic in 1968
Overview
StatusOperational
LocaleBeijing, Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, Jiangsu, and Shanghai
TerminiBeijing
Shanghai
Stations89
Service
TypeHeavy rail
SystemChina Railway
Operator(s)China Railway
History
Opened1968
Technical
Line length1,451.4 km (901.9 mi)
Number of tracks2
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8 12 in)
Electrification25 kV AC
Operating speed
  • 160–200 kilometres per hour (99–124 mph) (operations)
  • 200–250 kilometres per hour (120–160 mph) (design)
SignallingABS
Route map

km
0
Beijing
8.6
Beijing South
Fengtai
Fengtai West marshalling yard
33.1
Huangcun
73.2
Langfang North
Yangcun
Jinji railway from Jizhou
Hangouzhen
Jinba railway from Bazhou
Nancang–Caozhuang line
Beicang
Nancang marshalling yard
Wangqinzhuang
Tianjin North
(former start of
Tianjin–Pukou railway)
Tianjin
Tianjin cross-city railway
136.1
Tianjin West
Caozhuang
Tianjin South, Jinghu HSR
Beijing SouthShanghai Hongqiao
Yangliuqing
Jinghai
Shuohuang Railway
Shenchi South
Huanghua Port
251.2
Cangzhou
291.5
Botou
Shide Railway to Shijiazhuang
365.8
Dezhou
Huangheya
Deda Railway to Dajiawa
Pingyuan
Hanji railway from Handan South
Yancheng North
Yancheng
Caojiaquan Yellow River, Beijing-Shanghai
HSR, Luokou Yellow River bridges
Qiaonan
from Jinan Railway
470
Jixi marshalling yard, Jinan West
Jinan
Jinan Railway
Dangjiazhuang
Taifei Railway from Feicheng
555.8
Taishan
Xintai railway to Linzi
Wari railway Watang – Jufeng
Ciyao
Cilai railway to Dongdu, Laiwu East
Yanzhou North marshalling yard
640.4
Yanzhou
Chengjiazhuang
Yanshi railway to Rizhao
673
Zoucheng
Jingting
Zaolin railway to Zhubao
735.5
Zaozhuang West
Xuzhou North marshalling yard
802.9
Xuzhou
Xuzhou South yard
Fujia railway from Huaibei
Fuliji
Suzhou–Huai'an railway from Huai'an
877.9
Suzhou
Old bridge and new bridge over Huai River
968.2
Bengbu
link to Bengbu South
Bengbu East marshalling yard
Shuibeng railway to Shuijiahu
1094.4
Chuzhou North
Yongningzhen
Linchang
Puzhen
Nanjing North
(former end of Jinpu railway)
former Nanjing Railway Ferry
Yangtze River Bridge
Nanjing West
(former terminus of
Shanghai–Nanjing Railway)
Nanjing EMU depot
Shanghai–Nanjing Railway (left)
Shanghai–Nanjing HSR (right)
1150.1
Nanjing
Nanjing Chengbei loop line
Xingweicun
Ningtong railway to Tongling West
Nanjing East marshalling yard
Ningxi Railway (part of the original route)
Qixiashan, Qixiashan North
to Xinshengwei Port
Longtan
Xiashu
Gaozi
1213.9
Zhenjiang
Lianzhen HSR to Dongji
1242.1
Danyang East
Lücheng
Benniu
Xinzhazhen
1286.3
Changzhou
Qishuyan
Wuxi North
1325.4
Wuxi
Wuxi South
Zhoujingxiang
Shuofang
Wangting
Xushuguan
Suzhou West
1367.7
Suzhou
Waikuatang
Weiting
1402.2
Kunshan
Lujiabang
Anting
Huangdu
Nanxiang marshalling yard
Nanhe railway
Jiangqiaozhen
Shanghai West
1451.4
Shanghai
Shanghai North
Shanghai Railway Museum

The line has a total length of 1,462 km (908 mi) and connects the municipalities of Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai, as well as the provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu. It is commonly referred to as the Jinghu railway, taking on the abbreviated names of the two terminal cities. In Chinese, Jing means "capital" and refers to Beijing, and Hu is the abbreviated name for Shanghai.

History

The Beijing–Shanghai railway is composed of three sections. These three sections are some of the earliest railways in China, built before 1910 during the Qing dynasty. The first section is from Beijing to Tianjin, constructed as part of the Imperial Railways of Northern China between 1897 and 1900.

The second section is from Tianjin to Pukou  a suburb of Nanjing  and used to be called the Tianjin–Pukou railway.

The third section is from Nanjing to Shanghai, built between 1905 and 1908. This section is called Shanghai–Nanjing railway. During 1927–1949, however, when China's capital was Nanjing, this section alone was called the "Jinghu" railway.

Between Pukou and Xiaguan, the railway crosses the Yangtze River. Before the completion of the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge in 1968, the trains were ferried across car-by-car. Passengers could also disembark at Nanjing North (Pukou), take a passenger ferry, and take a train again at the then Nanjing main station south of the river (now known as Nanjing West).

After the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge was completed in 1968, these three sections were linked together and renamed as a single Beijing–Shanghai or Jinghu railway.

Current status

The railway line is the principal line between Beijing and Shanghai and along with the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway, it serves as one of the busiest rail corridors in China. It has dual tracks between Beijing and Shanghai, and the full length of the railway has been electrified. The entire line is dual tracked. Passenger rail service now offers overnight service on CRH Sleepers (D-series trains).

D type express overnight sleeper bullet trains have now commenced operation between Beijing and Nanjing/Shanghai/Hangzhou.. There are currently 6 overnight D bullet trains. Overnight Bullet trains take between 9 hours and 23 minutes to 9 hours, 36 minutes between Beijing and Nanjing and were Soft sleeper only but now changed to sleeper first-class and sleeper second-class, which provide better facilities than Soft and Hard sleepers on conventional trains respectively. Some trains also have second-class seat cars.

On June 30, 2011, the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway opened and runs roughly parallel to the Beijing–Shanghai railway. The opening of the high-speed railway relieved the Beijing–Shanghai railway from overcrowding, and it's increasingly shifted to freight traffic. As of 2017, two regular trains per day (not including aforementioned overnight sleepers) go the full way from Beijing to Shanghai on the old line, although hundreds of trains still use selected sections of it.

See also

References

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