Achham District

Achham (Nepali: अछाम जिल्ला pronounced [ʌt͡sʰam] (listen)) is a district located in Sudurpashchim province of Nepal. It is one of the nine districts of province. The district, with Mangalsen as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,692 km2 and has a population (2011) of 257,477.[2]

Achham

अछाम
District
Location of Achham District
Coordinates: 29°6′40.95″N 81°17′55.78″E
Country   Nepal
ProvinceSudurpashchim Pradesh
Established13 April 1961
(Nepali date: Baishakh 1, 2018)[1]
Admin HQ.Mangalsen
Municipality
Government
 • TypeCoordination committee
 • BodyDCC, Achham
Area
 • Total1,692 km2 (653 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[2]
 • Total257,477
 • Density150/km2 (390/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+05:45 (NPT)
WebsiteOfficial website

Etymology

There are many folklore about naming of the district but one interesting folklore is that:

.... during Mughal era in India, most of people by fear of Mughal moved to this place. That time this place was good in production of Mangoes, so when people from North India came here, they said: "Accha Aam" (अच्छा आम) (meaning good mangoes in Hindi language) and that "Accha Aam" became "Achham" later.[1]

History
Old Doti District

Achham was a part of Doti Kingdom during medieval era.[3] Nepal annexed Doti in 1790[4] It remained part of Doti District until 1961. On 13 April 1961, Achham district carved out from Doti District and declared a separate district[1]

Geography and Climate

Achham covers an area of 1,692 square kilometres (653 sq mi) and located at Latitude: 280°46’ North to 290°23' North and Longitude: 810°32 East to 810°35' East. 90% area of Achham is mid-hill and 10% is high-hill. The maximum elevation of the district is 3,820 metres (12,530 ft) and minimum elevation is 540 metres (1,770 ft) from the sea level. The district is surrounded by Bajura District in the North, Doti District in the West, Dailekh District in the East and Surkhet District in the South.[1]

Rivers

The district has 31 rivers in total, the main being the Karnali, Seti, Budhiganga, Ekadi, Kailash Khola, Lungreligad, Pravaligad, Kashagad, Saranigad, Ardoligad, Talagad and Barlegad.[5]

Climhiate Zone[6] Elevation Range % of Area
Upper Tropical 300 to 1,000 meters
1,000 to 3,300 ft.		 27.4%
Subtropical 1,000 to 2,000 meters
3,300 to 6,600 ft.		 58.3%
Temperate 2,000 to 3,000 meters
6,400 to 9,800 fters
9,800 to 13,100 ft.		  1.0%

Demographics

At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Accham District had a population of 257,477, in which female comprises 137,469 (54%) and male comprises 120,008 (46%). Density of the area is 154 people per sqkm. 66.4% of total population speak Nepali and 32.4% Achhami as their first language.,[7] Khas/ Chhetri dominant 63% of total population, Thakuris make 17% of total dist population. Bahun and sanyasi/giri make 14% and khas dalit make 6% of population.

Administration

The district is administered by District Coordination Committee (Legislative), District Administration Office (Executive) and District Court (Judicial) as follows:

AdministrationName of unitsHeadWebsite
LegislativeDistrict Coordination Committeeddcachham.gov.np
ExecutiveDistrict Administration OfficeMr. Bhojraj Shreshthadaoachham.moha.gov.np
JudicialDistrict CourtMr. Navin Kumar Joshisupremecourt.gov.np/court/achhamdc

Administrative Divisions

Accham is divided into total 10 local level bodies, in which four are urban and six are rural.

#NameNepaliTypePopulation (2011)Area (km2)Website
1Mangalsenमङ्गलसेनmunicipality32331220.14
2Kamalbazarकमलबजारmunicipality23738120.78
3Sanfebagarसाँफेबगरmunicipality33788166.71
4Panchadewal Binayakपञ्चदेवलmunicipality27485147.75
5Ramaroshanरामारोशनrural 25,166173.33http://ramaroshanmun.gov.np/
6Chaurpatiचौरपाटीrural 25,149182.16http://chaurpatimun.gov.np/
7Turmakhandतुर्माखाँदrural 24,940232.07http://turmakhadmun.gov.np/
8Mellekhमेल्लेखrural 24,670134.78http://mellekhmun.gov.np/
9Dhakariढँकारीrural 21,562227.88http://dhakarimun.gov.np/
10Bannigadi Jayagadबान्नीगडीजैगडrural 17,35958.26http://bannigadhijaygadhmun.gov.np/

Religion in Achham district as of 2011.

  Hinduism (99.42%)
  Buddhism (0.30%)
  Christianity (0.13%)

Transportation

Achham is one of the remotest districts of Nepal. It is accessible by automobile from Kathmandu and Nepalgunj via a paved road that runs along the western border of Nepal from Dhangadhi. The unpaved of Mid-Hill Highway through Dailakh district also takes to Mangalsen by crossing Karnali at Rakam.[8]

Mangalsen, the district headquarters, is eight hours walk and two and one-half hour drive from Sanphebagar – a town in Achham sporting a non-functional domestic airport. A bridge crosses the Budhiganga River in Sanphebagar allowing access during high water, a second bridge over the Kailash River. During 2009/2010, the government of Nepal have constructed a paved road connecting Sanphebagar to Mangalsen. The district is served by two hospitals, the government district hospital in Mangalsen and one recently opened in Bayalpata named Bayalpata Hospital that is a collaboration between the government and the non-profit organization Nyaya Health.[9]

Education

71% of men aged five and above are literate in Achham compared to 75% at national level, only 43% of such women in the district can read and write (against 57% across Nepal).[5]

Fm Radio & Newspaper

Achham Besd six FM radio and four newspaper are running now. In this district Ramaroshan Daily (first newspaper) 2063 Bs to nowadays running. It covers main market, government and nongovernment office, school, social organization and others. The Ramaroshan Daily editor is Shiba Raj Dhungana. He is Gorkhapatra Nation Daily (government applied) District reporter. Dhungana has also Secretary of the Federation of Nepali Journalists Achham Branch. More than 25 journalists are working here.

See also

References
  1. "अछाम जिल्लाको संक्षिप्त परिचय" (in Nepali). Achham DCC. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  2. "National Population and Housing Census 2011(National Report)" (PDF). Central Bureau of Statistics. Government of Nepal. November 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
  3. "Deuki Pratha". 15 January 2012. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  4. "M. Gaborieau on 7 Bharats recorded in Nepal (1969)". Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  5. "UNDAF District Profile: Achham". United Nation. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  6. The Map of Potential Vegetation of Nepal - a forestry/agroecological/biodiversity classification system (PDF), . Forest & Landscape Development and Environment Series 2-2005 and CFC-TIS Document Series No.110., 2005, ISBN 87-7903-210-9, retrieved Nov 22, 2013
  7. 2011 Nepal Census, Social Characteristics Tables
  8. "Accham". Far Western nepal. Archived from the original on 2013-05-21. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  9. "Accham District Nepal". Sudur Sansar. Archived from the original on 2014-11-07. Retrieved 2013-06-27.
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