Yoshio Sakurauchi

Yoshio Sakurauchi
櫻内 義雄
Speaker of Lower House
In office
27 February 1990 – 18 June 1993
Preceded by Hajime Tamura
Succeeded by Takako Doi
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
1981–1982
Prime Minister Zenkō Suzuki
Preceded by Sunao Sonoda
Succeeded by Shintaro Abe
Minister of International Trade and Industry
In office
18 July 1964 – June 1965
Prime Minister Hayato Ikeda
Eisaku Satō
Succeeded by Miki Takeo
Personal details
Born 8 May 1912
Tokyo
Died 6 July 2003 (aged 91)
Tokyo
Political party Liberal Democratic Party
Alma mater Keio University

Yoshio Sakurauchi (櫻内 義雄 Sakurauchi Yoshio, 8 May 1912 – 6 July 2003) was a Japanese politician and a significant member of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) of Japan.

Early life and education

Sakurauchi was born in Tokyo on 8 May 1912.[1] He was the son of Yukio Sakurauchi, late lower house member and finance minister.[2] Yoshio Sakurauchi attended the Keio schools from kindergarten through university.[2] His brother, Kimio, served as an executive at Chugoku Electric.[3]

Career

Sakurauchi began his political career in 1947, when he was first elected to the lower house of Parliament.[4] His constituency included Kashima.[3] He served at the lower house for 18 terms. He was also once elected to the upper house,[4] serving there for 19 months.[2]

He held different ministerial and party posts in his career.[5] In addition, he was leader of the Kano faction in the LDP.[6] This faction was renamed as the Nakasone faction in 1965. His leadership of the faction lasted until 1989.[7] Then the faction was headed by Michio Watanabe.[7]

In addition, he served as foreign minister, agriculture minister, minister of international trade and industry and construction minister.[8] Prime Minister Hayato Ikeda appointed Sakurauchi the minister of international trade and industry on 18 July 1964.[6] Sakurauchi continued to serve in the same post in the next cabinet headed by Prime Minister Eisaku Satō, but he was fired and replaced by Miki Takeo in June 1965.[6] On 28 April 1977, Sakurauchi was appointed construction minister to the government of Takeo Fukuda in a cabinet reshuffle, replacing Shiro Hasegawa in the post.[9] Sakurauchi served as construction minister until 7 December 1978.[9]

He was appointed the secretary general of the LDP on 16 November 1979.[10] During his term, he called for making the Yasukuni Shrine a state shrine.[11] His term lasted until 30 November 1981 when he was named foreign minister. Susumu Nikaido replaced him as the secretary general of the LDP.[10] He was appointed foreign minister in the cabinet led by Prime Minister Zenkō Suzuki on 30 November 1981, replacing Sunao Sonoda in the post.[12][13]

Sakurachi also served as the head of the LDP's chief policy-making body.[8] In addition, he was appointed speaker of Japan's lower house of parliament on 27 February 1990, replacing Hajime Tamura in the post.[8][14] In January 1992, he argued that the United States' economic problems resulted from its work force since the US workers were "too lazy" to compete with Japan, and that nearly a third of its workers "cannot even read."[8][15] Sakurachi's term as speaker ended on 18 June 1993 and Takako Doi became the speaker.[14]

Besides these positions, Sakurauchi was named as the first chairman of the League for Japan-Vietnam Friendship that was established by Japanese and Vietnamese politicians in 1974 to promote mutual understanding and friendship between Japan and Vietnam.[16]

Sakurauchi was not included in the LDP's proportional representation list for the 25 June 2000 general elections, and he stated that he would retire from politics.[17] Eventually, he retired from politics in June 2000.[4]

Death and funeral

Sakurauchi died of respiratory failure at a Tokyo hospital on 6 July 2003.[4] He was 91.[4] His funeral service was held at Ikegami Hommonji Temple in Tokyo's Ota Ward on 8 July 2003.[2]

Honors

In 1986, Sakurauchi, a former board member of the Boy Scouts of Japan, received the 185th Bronze Wolf Award of the World Scout Committee for services to world Scouting.[18][19] In 1981 he also received the highest distinction of the Scout Association of Japan, the Golden Pheasant Award.[20]

The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1989, for his contributions to public affairs.[21]

References

  1. ↑ "Index Sa". Rulers. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Lawmakers Sakurauchi, Hino leave long legacies". The Japan Times. 7 July 2003. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  3. 1 2 Linda Sieg (24 May 2011). "Japan city grapples with nuclear doubts after Fukushima crisis". Reuters. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "Yoshio Sakurauchi, 91, Japanese Lawmaker". Newsday. AP. 6 July 2003. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  5. ↑ Kent E. Calder (1988). Crisis and Compensation: Public Policy and Political Stability in Japan, 1949 - 1986. Princeton University Press. p. 275. ISBN 978-0-691-02338-0. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  6. 1 2 3 Chalmers Johnson (1982). MITI and the japanese miracle: growth of industrial policy: 1925-1975. Stanford University Press. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-8047-1206-4. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  7. 1 2 Steven Hunziker; Ikuro Kamimura. "Getting Rid of Kaifu". Kakuei Tanaka. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Sanger, David E. (21 January 1992). "A Top Japanese Politician Calls U.S. Work Force Lazy". The New York Times. p. 1.
  9. 1 2 "Cabinet". Kolombus. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  10. 1 2 Political Chronology of Central, South and East Asia. Routledge. 12 October 2012. p. 2056. ISBN 978-1-135-35680-4. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  11. ↑ Iwao Hoshii (1993). Japan's Pseudo-Democracy. Japan Library. p. 110. ISBN 978-1-873410-07-3. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
  12. ↑ "Japan's cabinet shuffled". Spokane Daily Chronicle. Tokyo. UPI. 30 November 1981. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  13. ↑ Murray, Geoffrey (1 December 1981). "Japanese Cabinet shaken up to tackle big problems". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
  14. 1 2 "The National Diet of Japan" (PDF). Secretariat of the House of Representatives. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
  15. ↑ Julia Vitullo Martin; J. Robert Moskin (1994). The Executive's Book of Quotations. Oxford University Press. p. 302. ISBN 978-0-19-507836-7. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
  16. ↑ Hirata, Keiko (2001). "Cautious Proactivism and Reluctant Reactivism: Analyzing Japan's Foreign Policy toward Indochina". In Y. Sato and A. Miyashita. Japan’s Foreign Policy in Asia and the Pacific: Domestic Interests, American Pressure, and Regional Integration (PDF). New York: St. Martin's Press. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
  17. ↑ "Mori set to dissolve Diet for elections on June 25". The Japan Times. 2 June 2000.
  18. ↑ "17 Bronze Wolf Recipients from Japan". Yokohoma Group. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  19. ↑ "List of recipients of the Bronze Wolf Award". World Scout Committee. 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
  20. ↑ reinanzaka-sc.o.oo7.jp/kiroku/documents/20140523-3-kiji-list.pdf
  21. ↑ "Padma Awards". Ministry of Home Affairs. 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2016.
House of Representatives of Japan
Preceded by
Hajime Tamura		 Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan
1990–1993 		Succeeded by
Takako Doi
Political offices
Preceded by
Hajime Fukuda		 Minister of International Trade and Industry
1964–1965 		Succeeded by
Takeo Miki
Preceded by
Tokuro Adachi		 Minister of Agriculture and Forestry
1973–1974 		Succeeded by
Tadao Kuraishi
Preceded by
Shiro Hasegawa		 Minister of Construction
1977–1978 		Succeeded by
Motosaburo Tokai
Preceded by
Kichirō Tazawa		 Head of the National Land Agency
1977–1978 		Succeeded by
Shiro Nakano
Preceded by
Sunao Sonoda		 Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan
1981–1982 		Succeeded by
Shintaro Abe
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