Two Bombs, One Satellite
Two Bombs, One Satellite (Chinese:两弹一星) was an early nuclear and space project of the People's Republic of China. Two Bombs refers to the Atomic bomb (and later the Hydrogen bomb) and Intercontinental Missile, while One Satellite refers to artificial satellites. China tested its first atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb in 1964 and 1967 respectively, while in 1970 the country successfully launched its first satellite (DFH-1).[1][2] 23 scientists involved in the project was awarded the title Two bombs and one Satellite Award (Chinese:两弹一星功勋奖章) in 1999.[3][4][5]
List of Two bombs and one Satellite Award awardees
| Awardee | Field | Contribution | Alma mater |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chen Fangyun (1916–2000) | Radio electronics | Satellite | National Southwestern Associated University |
| Chen Nengkuan (1923–2016) | Metal physics Detonation physics |
Atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb | National Tangshan Engineering College Yale University |
| Cheng Kaijia (1918–) | Nuclear physics | Atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb | Zhejiang University University of Edinburgh |
| Deng Jiaxian (1924–1986) | Nuclear physics | Atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb | National Southwestern Associated University Purdue University |
| Guo Yonghuai (1909–1968) | Aerodynamics | Atomic bomb, hydrogen bomb and missile | Peking University University of Toronto |
| Huang Weilu (1916–2011) | Engineering cybernetics | Missile | National Central University Imperial College London |
| Peng Hengwu (1915–2007) | Theoretical physics | Atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb | Tsinghua University University of Edinburgh |
| Qian Ji (1917–1983) | Space physics | Satellite | National Central University |
| Qian Sanqiang (1913–1992) | Nuclear physics | Atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb | Tsinghua University University of Paris Collège de France |
| Qian Xuesen (1911–2009) | Aeronautics Engineering cybernetics |
Rocket, missile and satellite | National Chiao Tung University Massachusetts Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology |
| Ren Xinmin (1915–) | Aeronautics | Rocket, missile and satellite | National Central University Chongqing Ordnance School affiliated to Military Ministry University of Michigan |
| Sun Jiadong (1929–) | Aeronautics | Missile and satellite | Harbin Institute of Technology Zhukovsky Air Force Academy |
| Tu Shou'e (1917–2012) | Aeronautics | Missile and rocket | National Southwestern Associated University Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| Wang Daheng (1915–2011) | Optics | Atomic bomb and satellite | Tsinghua University Imperial College London |
| Wang Ganchang (1907–1998) | Nuclear physics | Atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb | Tsinghua University University of Berlin |
| Wang Xiji (1921–) | Space technology | Rocket and satellite | National Southwestern Associated University Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University |
| Wu Ziliang (1917–2008) | Chemical metallurgy | Atomic bomb | National Northwestern Engineering Institute Carnegie Institute of Technology |
| Yang Jiachi (1919–2006) | Automation | Satellite | National Chiao Tung University Harvard University |
| Yao Tongbin (1922–1968) | Aerospace materials and technology | Missile and rocket | National Tangshan Engineering College University of Birmingham |
| Yu Min (1926–) | Nuclear physics | Hydrogen bomb | Peking University |
| Zhao Jiuzhang (1907–1968) | Meteorology Geophysics |
Satellite | Tsinghua University University of Berlin |
| Zhou Guangzhao (1929–) | Theoretical physics | Atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb | Tsinghua University Peking University |
| Zhu Guangya (1924–2011) | Nuclear physics | Atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb | National Southwestern Associated University University of Michigan |
References
- ↑ "China in Space: Carrying Forward the Spirit of Two Bombs and One Satellite". Retrieved 31 May 2016.
- ↑ "China builds "two bombs, one satellite" memorial museum". Retrieved 31 May 2016.
- ↑ "1964: "Two bombs and one satellite" launch successfully". Retrieved 31 May 2016.
- ↑ "两弹一星". Retrieved 31 May 2016.
- ↑ "中国脊梁！那些远去的两弹一星元勋". Retrieved 31 May 2016.
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