Zhou Guangzhao

Zhou Guangzhao
Native name 周光召
Born (1929-05-15) May 15, 1929
Changsha, Hunan, China
Alma mater Tsinghua University
Beijing University
Occupation Physicist
Years active 1957 - present
Organization Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Chinese Nuclear Weapons Research Institute
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Virginia Polytechnic Institute
European Organization for Nuclear Research
US National Academy of Science
Known for discovery of PCAC
This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhou.

Zhou Guangzhao (Chinese: 周光召; pinyin: Zhōu Guāngzhāo; born May 15, 1929) is a Chinese physicist who served as President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 1987 to 1997.

Early life and education

Zhou Guangzhao was born on May 15, 1929 in Changsha, the capital of Hunan province. He was the 5th child of the civil engineer Zhou Fengjiu, and the younger brother of Chinese biochemist/geneticist Zhou Guangyu. He graduated from Tsinghua University in 1951, and then did graduate work in theoretical physics for three years at Beijing University. He stayed at Beijing Univ. on the faculty after completing his PhD. In 1957 he was sent to the USSR by the Chinese Atomic Energy Research Institute to work at the Dubna Joint Institute for Nuclear Research.

Professional career

Zhou returned to China in 1960, where he worked on the Chinese nuclear weapons program, ultimately becoming director of the Chinese Nuclear Weapons Research Institute. He was elected to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and later became the Vice President (1984–1987) and President (1987–1997) of the CAS.

Zhou's theoretical work focuses on particle physics. He is credited for the discovery of PCAC (partial conservation of axial current), an important step toward the understanding of symmetry breaking.

He first visited the US in 1979. In the 1980s he spent time as a visiting researcher at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and at the European Organization for Nuclear Research in Switzerland. He was elected to the US National Academy of Science in 1987.

Honors

The asteroid 3462 Zhouguangzhao is named after him.

Academic offices
Preceded by
Lu Jiaxi
President of Chinese Academy of Sciences
1987 1997
Succeeded by
Lu Yongxiang
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