Ostrov, Ostrovsky District, Pskov Oblast

For other places with the same name, see Ostrov.
Ostrov (English)
Остров (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -

Location of Pskov Oblast in Russia
Ostrov
Location of Ostrov in Pskov Oblast
Coordinates: 57°21′N 28°21′E / 57.350°N 28.350°E / 57.350; 28.350Coordinates: 57°21′N 28°21′E / 57.350°N 28.350°E / 57.350; 28.350
Coat of arms
Administrative status (as of February 2013)
Country Russia
Federal subject Pskov Oblast[1]
Administrative district Ostrovsky District[1]
Administrative center of Ostrovsky District[2]
Municipal status (as of February 2013)
Municipal district Ostrovsky Municipal District[3]
Urban settlement Ostrov Urban Settlement[3]
Administrative center of Ostrovsky Municipal District,[4] Ostrov Urban Settlement[3]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 21,668 inhabitants[5]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[6]
Postal code(s)[7] 181350, 181352, 181353, 181359
Ostrov on Wikimedia Commons

Ostrov (Russian: О́стров, lit. island) is a town and the administrative center of Ostrovsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the Velikaya River, 55 kilometers (34 mi) south of Pskov, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 21,668 (2010 Census);[5] 25,078 (2002 Census);[8] 29,060 (1989 Census);[9] 27,000 (1974).

Etymology

The name of the town, which means "island" in Russian, originates from the island on the Velikaya, on which the Ostrov fortress was originally built.[10]

History

It was founded as a fortress in the end of the 13th century and first mentioned in 1342.[10] It had been an important military outpost throughout the 15th-16th centuries.[10] The only time it was conquered was in 1501, by the Livonian Order after the Battle of the Siritsa River.[10]

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, it was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). Ostrov is specifically mentioned as one of the towns making the governorate.[11] In 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate was split off and in 1772, Pskov Governorate (which between 1777 and 1796 existed as Pskov Viceroyalty) was established. Catherine the Great incorporated it as a town in 1777.[10]

Bolshaya Street in 1917

On August 1, 1927, the uyezds and governorates were abolished and Ostrovsky District, with the administrative center in Ostrov, was established as a part of Pskov Okrug of Leningrad Oblast.[12] It included parts of former Ostrovsky, Opochetsky, and Pskovsky Uyezds.[13] On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were also abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[12] Between March 22, 1935 and September 19, 1940, Ostrovsky District was a part of the restored Pskov Okrug of Leningrad Oblast,[12] one of the okrugs abutting the state boundaries of the Soviet Union. Between July 6, 1941 and July 21, 1944, Ostrov was occupied by German troops.[10] An underground resistance group was active in Ostrov during the war. On August 23, 1944, the district was transferred to newly established Pskov Oblast.[12]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Ostrov serves as the administrative center of Ostrovsky District,[2] to which it is directly subordinated.[1] As a municipal division, the town of Ostrov is incorporated within Ostrovsky Municipal District as Ostrov Urban Settlement.[3]

Economy

Industry

The economy of Ostrov is based on food, electronic, and textile industries (5.4%).[14]

Transportation

A railway from St. Petersburg via Pskov to Pytalovo and further to Rēzekne in Latvia passes Ostrov. In Latvia, it provides access to Riga and Vilnius (via Daugavpils). As of 2012, there was passenger traffic on the railway.

The M20 Highway, which connects St. Petersburg and Vitebsk via Pskov, passes Ostrov as well. Ostrov is the northern terminus of the European route E262, which proceeds to Kaunas via Rēzekne and Daugavpils. There are also road connections from Ostrov northwest to Pechory via Palkino, northeast to Porkhov, and southeast to Novorzhev, as well as local roads.

Military

The town was home to Ostrov air base, a major medium-range bomber base during the Cold War.

Culture and recreation

The St. Nicholas Church in Ostrov

The town possesses a Neoclassical cathedral from 1790 and a typical Pskovian church from 1543. Close at hand is a historical suspension bridge, opened in 1853 (winter view, summer view).

Ostrov hosts the Ostrov District Museum, the only museum in the district.[15]

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 Law #833-oz stipulates that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. The Law #420-oz, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal districts, lists the town of Ostrov as a part of Ostrovsky District.
  2. 1 2 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 58 233», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 58 233, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  3. 1 2 3 4 Law #420-oz
  4. ↑ Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Федеральное агентство по технологическому регулированию и метрологии. №ОК 033-2013 1 января 2014 г. «Общероссийский классификатор территорий муниципальных образований. Код 58 633». (Federal State Statistics Service. Federal Agency on Technological Regulation and Metrology. #OK 033-2013 January 1, 2014 Russian Classification of Territories of Municipal Formations. Code 58 633. ).
  5. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  6. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  7. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  8. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  9. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 338. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
  11. ↑ Указ об учреждении губерний и о росписании к ним городов (Russian)
  12. 1 2 3 4 Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast, pp. 11–14
  13. ↑ Островский район (август 1927 г. - август 1944 г.) (in Russian). Справочник истории административно-территориального деления Ленинградской области. Retrieved June 25, 2014.
  14. ↑ Экономика (in Russian). Портал муниципальных образований Псковской области. Retrieved July 11, 2012.
  15. ↑ Островский краеведческий музей (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved July 11, 2012.

Sources

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