Mirninsky District

Mirninsky District
Мирнинский улус (Russian)
Мирнэй улууһа (Sakha)

Location of Mirninsky District in the Sakha Republic
Coordinates: 62°32′N 113°57′E / 62.533°N 113.950°E / 62.533; 113.950Coordinates: 62°32′N 113°57′E / 62.533°N 113.950°E / 62.533; 113.950
Coat of arms
Flag
Location
Country Russia
Federal subject Sakha Republic[1]
Administrative structure (as of June 2009)
Administrative center town of Mirny[2]
Administrative divisions:[2]
Towns under district jurisdiction 1
Settlements 4
Rural okrugs 3
Inhabited localities:[2]
Cities/towns 2
Urban-type settlements[3] 4
Rural localities 8
Municipal structure (as of December 2008)
Municipally incorporated as Mirninsky Municipal District[4]
Municipal divisions:[5]
Urban settlements 6
Rural settlements 3
Statistics
Area (June 2009) 165,800 km2 (64,000 sq mi)[2]
Population (2010 Census) 38,802 inhabitants[6]
• Urban 92.9%
• Rural 7.1%
Density 0.23/km2 (0.60/sq mi)[7]
Time zone YAKT (UTC+09:00)[8]
Established January 12, 1965[9]
Official website
Mirninsky District on WikiCommons

Mirninsky District (Russian: Ми́рнинский улу́с; Yakut: Мирнэй улууһа, Mirney uluuha, IPA: [ˈmiɾnej uluːha]) is an administrative[1] and municipal[4] district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with Olenyoksky District in the north and northeast, Nyurbinsky and Suntarsky Districts in the east, Lensky District in the south, and with Irkutsk Oblast and Krasnoyarsk Krai in the west. The area of the district is 165,800 square kilometers (64,000 sq mi).[2] Its administrative center is the town of Mirny.[2] Population (excluding the administrative center): 38,802 (2010 Census);[6] 46,032 (2002 Census);[10] 51,824 (1989 Census).[11]

Geography

The main river in the district is the Vilyuy.

Climate

Average January temperature ranges from −32 °C (−26 °F) in the south to −40 °C (−40 °F) in the north. July's average temperature ranges from +14 °C (57 °F) to +16 °C (61 °F). The average annual precipitation is about 250–300 millimeters (9.8–11.8 in).[9]

History

The district was established on January 12, 1965,[9] after the beginnings of large-scale diamond mining and associated industry in the area.

The Vilyuy River basin was believed to contain mineral deposits at least as early as the 19th century, with Richard Maack reporting after an expedition to the area that the Vilyuy country was rich in iron, salt deposits and previous stones. He described a nest of blue clay in the area between the Vilyuy and Maly Bituoby rivers, but as kimberlites had not yet been discovered there was no official attention.

Around the beginning on the 20th century, a number of scientists and geologists noted similarities between parts of the Central Siberian Plateau and areas in South Africa, where exploitation of primary diamond deposits had already begun.

In 1937 the Soviet government began to greatly increase effort to produce diamonds on its own territory, due in part to some other diamond-producing nations being unwilling to sell to the USSR. Expeditions were organized in the basins of the Yenisei and the Ural Mountains. The Ural expedition proved the more successful, finding small, but commercially viable deposits.

A further government decree signed by Stalin in 1946 announced further exploration for diamonds, with expeditions mounted from Irkutsk into the region of the Tunguska. The first officially recorded discovery of diamonds in Yakutia (the present-day Sakha Republic) was made in 1949 on an expedition along the Vilyuy. Initially, discoveries centred on placer deposits, which did not uncover the enormous primary deposits in the form of kimberlite pipes.

The first kimberlite deposit, Zarnitsa mine, was discovered on 21 August 1954. Further exploration in 1955 found more than 15 primary deposits, including the largest pipes at Udachny and Mirny. More than 200 kimberlite pipes have since been identified in the Sakha Republic.

Demographics

According to the 2002 census, 67.5% of population are Russians, 9.8% are Ukrainians, 7.6% are Yakuts, 6.5% are Tatars, 1.3% are Buryats.

Economy

The economy of the district is mostly based on mining. Natural resources include diamonds, oil, gas, and brown coal. Diamond mining is mostly carried out by ALROSA company and its subsidiaries.

Transportation

Mirninsky District is connected with Yakutsk by the means of the Vilyuy Highway.

Inhabited localities

Municipal composition
Towns / Cities Population Male Female Inhabited localities in jurisdiction*
Mirny Urban Settlement
(Мирный)		 37,188 18,182 (48.9%) 19,006 (51.1%)
  • Town of Mirny (administrative centre of the district)
Udachny Urban Settlement
(Удачный)		 12,613 6,444 (51.1%) 6,169 (48.9%)
Urban settlements Population Male Female Inhabited localities in jurisdiction
Aykhal Urban Settlement
(Айхал)		 13,803 7,129 (51.6%) 6,674 (48.4%)
Almazny Urban Settlement
(Алмазный)		 1,614 778 (48.2%) 836 (51.8%)
Svetly Urban Settlement
(Светлый)		 3,137 1,563 (49.8%) 1,574 (50.2%)
  • Urban-type settlement of Svetly
Chernyshevsky Urban Settlement
(Чернышевский)		 5,025 2,488 (49.5%) 2,537 (50.5%)
Rural settlements Population Male Female Rural localities in jurisdiction
Botuobuyinsky Nasleg
(Ботуобуйинский)		 480 235 (49.0%) 245 (50.0%)
Sadyinsky National Evenk Nasleg
(Садынский национальный эвенкийский)		 318 157 (49.4%) 161 (50.6%)
Chuoninsky Nalseg
(Чуонинский)		 1,812 889 (49.1%) 923 (50.9%)

Divisional source:[12]
Population source:[6]
*Administrative centers are shown in bold

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Constitution of the Sakha Republic
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic
  3. ↑ The count of urban-type settlements may include the work settlements, the resort settlements, the suburban (dacha) settlements, as well as urban-type settlements proper.
  4. 1 2 Law #172-Z #351-III
  5. ↑ Law #173-Z #354-III
  6. 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  7. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value is only approximate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  8. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  9. 1 2 3 Center of the Socioeconomic and Political Monitoring. Mirninsky District (Russian)
  10. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  12. ↑ Mirninsky Ulus (Raion) Official website of the Sakha Republic

Sources

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