Massachusetts Correctional Institution – Norfolk

Massachusetts Correctional Institution at Norfolk, or MCI-Norfolk, is a medium security prison in Norfolk, Massachusetts with an average daily population of 1500 inmates. Though it is rated medium security, it also houses up to 98 maximum security inmates. Opened in the early 1930s, MCI-Norfolk is the largest state prison in Massachusetts.

One of the notable inmates of MCI-Norfolk was Malcolm X, who was also a member of the Norfolk Debating Society while incarcerated.

MCI-Norfolk is under the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts Department of Correction.

History

MCI-Norfolk was originally founded in 1927 as the Norfolk Prison Colony, a "model prison community"^[1] conceived by sociologist and penologist Howard Belding Gill (Harvard 1913, M.B.A. 1914), who was appointed its first superintendent in 1931.^[2]

Gill was dismissed in 1934 after an escape by four inmates, and replaced by his deputy Maurice N. Winslow, who served as superintendent from 1934 to 1950. The name of the prison was changed to the Massachusetts Correctional Institution at Norfolk in the mid-1950s.

During the 1950s, the Norfolk Debating Society, a team consisting of prison inmates, beat a number of university teams including the Oxford Union at Oxford University.

Officer Deaths at Norfolk

On July 31, 1972, Corrections Officers Alfred Baranowski and James Souza were shot and killed by an inmate using a smuggled firearm during an escape attempt. In the officers' memory, the Department of Corrections named their new supermax prison the Souza-Baranowski Correctional Center.

Prison Address

MCI-Norfolk
2 Clark Street
PO Box 43
Norfolk, MA 02056

Notes

1. ↑ Johnsen, Thomas C., "Vita: Howard Belding Gill: Brief Life of a Prison Reformer: 1890-1989", Harvard Magazine, September–October 1999, p. 54.
2. ↑ Conrad, John P., "A Lost Ideal, a New Hope: The Way toward Effective Correctional Treatment", Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), Vol. 72, No. 4 (Winter, 1981), pp. 1699-1734.

References

• Commonwealth of Massachusetts (2012). "MCI-Norfolk". Mass.gov. Retrieved 2012-12-29. 
• Diiulio, John J., Governing Prisons: A Comparative Study of Correctional Management, Simon and Schuster, 1990. ISBN 0-02-907883-0
• Serrill, M. S., "Norfolk - A Retrospective - New Debate Over a Famous Prison Experiment," Corrections Magazine, Volume 8, Issue 4 (August 1982), pp. 25–32.

Coordinates: 42°07′09″N 71°18′15″W / 42.11917°N 71.30417°W / 42.11917; -71.30417

Massachusetts Department of Correction prisons
State prisons	Boston Pre-Release Center Bridgewater State Hospital Lemuel Shattuck Hospital Correctional Unit Massachusetts Alcohol and Substance Abuse Center MCI Cedar Junction MCI Concord MCI Framingham MCI Norfolk MCI Plymouth MCI Shirley Massachusetts Treatment Center North Central Correctional Institution Northeastern Correctional Center Old Colony Correctional Center Pondville Correctional Center South Middlesex Correctional Center Souza-Baranowski Correctional Center
Defunct	Bay State Correctional Center Charlestown State Prison MCI Lancaster MCI Shirley Minimum Southeastern Correctional Center