Joseph E. Ransdell

Joseph Eugene Ransdell
United States Senator from Louisiana
In office March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1931
Preceded by	Murphy J. Foster
Succeeded by	Huey Pierce Long, Jr.
Member of the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana's 5th congressional district
In office August 29, 1899 – March 3, 1913
Preceded by	Samuel Thomas Baird
Succeeded by	James Walter Elder
Personal details
Born	(1858-10-07)October 7, 1858 Alexandria, Rapides Parish Louisiana
Died	July 27, 1954(1954-07-27) (aged 95) Lake Providence East Carroll Parish Louisiana
Resting place	Lake Providence Cemetery
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Olive Irene Powell Ransdell (married 1885-1935, her death)
Relations	Brother, Francis Xavier Ransdell Nephew-by-marriage, Frank Voelker, Sr. Nephew-by-marriage, John Martin Hamley
Occupation	Attorney; farmer
Religion	Roman Catholic

Joseph Eugene Ransdell (October 7, 1858 – July 27, 1954) was a seven-term United States representative from Louisiana's 5th congressional district who subsequently served for three terms in the United States Senate from Louisiana.

Background

Born in Alexandria in Rapides Parish in central Louisiana, Ransdell attended public schools. In 1882, he graduated from Union College in Schnectady, New York. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1883 and practiced from 1883 to 1889 in Lake Providence in East Carroll Parish in far northeastern Louisiana. Ransdell's law partner during the 1880s was his younger brother, Francis Xavier Ransdell, judge of the Louisiana 6th Judicial District Court. Joseph Ransdell was district attorney for the 8th Judicial District of Louisiana from 1884 to 1896. He was a planter of cotton and pecan groves. From 1896 to 1899, he served on the Fifth Levee District Board. In 1898, he was a member of the state constitutional convention.

House and Senate

In 1899, Ransdell was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress to fill the vacancy created by the death of Samuel Thomas Baird. He won his first full term in Congress in 1900, having defeated the Republican businessman Henry E. Hardtner of Urania in La Salle Parish, 6,172 votes (90.8 percent) to 628 (9.2 percent). Hardtner was the last Republican to contest the seat until 1976, when Frank Spooner of Monroe waged a strong but losing challenge to the Democrat Jerry Huckaby of Ringgold in Bienville Parish. By 1910, Hardtner had switched to Democratic affiliation and served for two years in the Louisiana House of Representatives as the first member ever from La Salle Parish. From 1924 to 1928, Hardtner was a state senator.

Ransdell served in the House from August 29, 1899, to March 4, 1913. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1912, having instead been elected by the Louisiana State Legislature to the United States Senate, prior to the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. In 1918, he defeated future U.S. Senator John H. Overton of Alexandria in a disputed vote. Ransdell won his third term in the Democratic primary election in 1924, having defeated Lee Emmett Thomas, the mayor of Shreveport, 104,312 (54.9 percent) to 85,547 (45.1 percent).

He served from March 4, 1913, to March 4, 1931, but he was denied renomination in 1930 by then Governor Huey Pierce Long, Jr. Long received 149,640 votes (57.3 percent) to Ransdell's 111,451 (42.7 percent). Long was then elected without Republican opposition in the general election. Ransdell may have sown the seeds of his own defeat. He had appeared in 1927 at a Long political rally in Lake Providence, where Judge Francis Ransdell introduced Long, and District Attorney Jefferson B. Snyder, another long-term advocate of the planter interests, sat on the stage. Snyder had not really favored Long so much as he was convinced that Long would defeat his chief opponent, U.S. Representative Riley J. Wilson, the favorite of most planter interests, and Snyder wanted to influence the new governor. At the rally, Huey Long began "a harangue that castigated their closest friends and political allies and the old establishment itself, of which these men were a part."^[1] Particularly outraged at Long's treatment of the Randsdells was state Senator Norris C. Williamson of East Carroll Parish, who would not seek compromise with the Longs and retired to private life in 1932, rather than face likely defeat himself.^[2]

While in Congress, Ransdell was chairman of the Committee on Public Health and National Quarantine (Sixty-third through Sixty-fifth Congresses) and a member of the Committee on Mississippi River and Its Tributaries (Sixty-sixth Congress). It was in this capacity that Randsell sponsored the Ransdell Act, which created the National Institutes of Health.

Later years

In 1920, Ransdell founded a printing firm in Washington, D.C., at a time when members of Congress could run businesses while serving in office. When his Senate tenure ended in 1931, Ransdell returned to Lake Providence to engage in the real estate business, cotton planting, and pecan growing. He was a member of the board of supervisors of Louisiana State University at Baton Rouge from 1940 to 1944 during the administration of Governor Sam Houston Jones. Ransdell died in Lake Providence and is interred there at Lake Providence Cemetery.

Ransdell was a great-uncle of Frank Voelker, Jr., a Lake Providence attorney who chaired the former Louisiana Sovereignty Commission during the administration of Governor Jimmie Davis and then ran unsuccessful for governor in the 1963 Democratic gubernatorial primary. Frank Voelker, Sr., judge of the Sixth Judicial District from 1937 until his death in 1963, was married to Ransdell's niece, Isabel, and was hence a son-in-law of Judge Francis Ransdell.^[3]

Ransdell's great-great nephew was the New Orleans entrepreneur and philanthropist David Ransdell Voelker. Following Hurricane Katrina, Democratic Governor Kathleen Babineaux Blanco named David Voelker to the Louisiana Recovery Authority. Blanco's successor and past opponent, Republican Bobby Jindal, elevated Voelker as chairman of the authority.^[4] In 2008, though he had been identified previously as a "longtime, diehard Republican", David Voelker was the largest donor in Louisiana to Democrat Barack H. Obama of Illinois, having given the then neophyte presidential candidate $80,000, according to the nonpartisan Center for Responsive Politics in Washington, D.C.^[5]

Ransdell named the community of Elmwood southwest of Lake Providence, where he owned much of the land, for his boyhood plantation in Rapides parish. In 1976, more than thirty years after Ransdell's death, St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church in Lake Providence moved into a new building on a lot which the former senator had willed to the congregation. The new location at 207 Scarborough Street, is directly across the street from the earlier structure where Ransdell and his family had long worshiped.^[3]

The definitive biography of Ransdell was written in 1951 by Adras LaBorde, long-time managing editor of the Alexandria Daily Town Talk.

See also

• Ransdell Act

References

External links

• United States Congress. "Joseph E. Ransdell (id: R000059)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. 
• Joseph E. Ransdell at Find a Grave
• Cemetery Memorial by La-Cemeteries

United States Senators from Louisiana
Class 2	Destréhan Posey Brown Claiborne Johnson Bouligny Livingston Waggaman Nicholas Barrow Soulé Downs Benjamin Harris West Kellogg Gibson Caffery Foster Ransdell H. Long R. M. Long Ellender Edwards J. B. Johnston Landrieu Cassidy
Class 3	Magruder Fromentin Brown J. S. Johnston Porter Mouton Conrad Porter Johnson Soulé Slidell Kellogg Eustis Jonas Eustis White Blanchard McEnery Thornton R. Broussard Guion Gay E. Broussard Overton Feazel R. B. Long Breaux Vitter Kennedy (Elect)

Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Louisiana
1st district	E. Livingston White H. Johnson White Slidell Sére St. Martin Dunbar Eustis Bouligny Sypher Lawrence Gibson Hunt St. Martin Wilkinson Meyer Estopinal O'Connor Fernández Hébert Tonry R. Livingston Vitter Jindal Scalise
2nd district	Gurley Thomas Ripley Chinn Dawson la Branche Thibodeaux Conrad Bullard J.A. Landry Hunt Taylor Mann Sheldon Ellis Hahn Wallace Lagan Coleman Lagan Davey Buck Davey Gilmore Dupré Spearing Maloney T.H. Boggs Maloney T.H. Boggs L. Boggs Jefferson Cao Richmond
3rd district	Brent Overton Bullard Garland Moore Dawson Harmanson Penn Perkins Davidson Newsham Darrall Acklen Darrall Kellogg Gay Price Broussard Martin Montet Mouton Domengeaux Willis Caffery Treen Tauzin Melancon J.M. Landry Boustany Higgins (elect)
4th district	Bossier Morse Moore Jones Sandidge Landrum Vidal Newsham McCleery Boarman Smith Levy Elam Blanchard Ogden Breazeale Watkins Sandlin Brooks Waggonner Leach Roemer McCrery Fields McCrery Fleming M. Johnson (elect)
5th district	Blackburn Morey Spencer Leonard Young King Newton Boatner Baird Ransdell Elder Wilson Mills McKenzie Passman Huckaby McCrery Cooksey Alexander McAllister Abraham
6th district	Nash E. Robertson Lewis Irion E. Robertson S. Robertson Favrot Wickliffe Morgan Sanders Sr. Favrot Kemp Sanders Jr. Griffith Sanders Jr. Morrison Rarick Moore Baker Cazayoux Cassidy Graves
7th district	Pujo Lazaro De Rouen Plauche Larcade Thompson Edwards Breaux Hayes John Boustany
8th district	Aswell Overton Dear Allen Doc McSween G. Long S. Long G. Long C. Long Holloway
At-large	Robertson Butler Johnston Sheridan
Territory	Clark Poydras