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| Figure 2-10 Oil- and air-cooled transformers. |

| Figure 2-11 Cooling of core and coils by oil circulation. |

| Moisture and Sludge. |

| Moisture and oxygen affect the quality of the insulating oil. Moisture reduces the dielectric strength and oxygen helps form sludge. |

| Sludging is principally due to decomposition of oil resulting from exposure to the oxygen of the air while hot. Moisture condensation is caused by changes in the volume of air and oil in transformer tanks, due to changes in temperature of the transformer itself or that of the surrounding air. This |

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