X unit
| X unit | |
|---|---|
| Unit of | length |
| Symbol | xu |
| Unit conversions | |
| 1 xu in ... | ... is equal to ... |
| SI units | 1.0021×10−13 m |
| Natural units |
6.2007×1021 ℓP 1.8937×10−3 a0 |
| imperial/US units | 3.9453×10−12 in |
- For the software testing tools, see xUnit.
The x unit (symbol xu) is a unit of length approximately equal to 0.1 pm (10−13 m).[1] It is used to quote the wavelength of X-rays and gamma rays.
Originally defined by the Swedish physicist Manne Siegbahn (1886–1978) in 1925, the x unit could not at that time be measured directly; the definition was instead made in terms of the spacing between planes of the calcite crystals used in the measuring apparatus. One x unit was set at 1⁄3029.04 of the spacing of the (200) planes of calcite at 18 °C.
In modern usage, there are two separate x units, which are defined in terms of the wavelengths of the two most commonly used X-ray lines in X-ray crystallography:[2]
- the copper x unit (symbol xu(Cu Kα1)) is defined so that the wavelength of the Kα1 line of copper is exactly 1537.400 xu(Cu Kα1);
- the molybdenum x unit (symbol xu(Mo Kα1)) is defined so that the wavelength of the Kα1 line of molybdenum is exactly 707.831 xu(Mo Kα1).
The 2006 CODATA recommended values for these units are:[3]
- 1 xu(Cu Kα1) = 1.00207699(28)×10−13 m,
- 1 xu(Mo Kα1) = 1.00209955(53)×10−13 m.
See also
References
- ↑ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "x unit".
- ↑ Mohr, Peter J.; Taylor, Barry N. (1999). "CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 1998". Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data. 28 (6): 1713–1852. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.72.351.
- ↑ Mohr, Peter J.; Taylor, Barry N.; Newell, David B. (2008). "CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2006". Reviews of Modern Physics. 80 (2): 633–730. arXiv:0801.0028
. Bibcode:2008RvMP...80..633M. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.80.633.
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