Where no man has gone before

This article is about the quotation from Star Trek. For the Original Series episode, see Where No Man Has Gone Before. For the Next Generation episode, see Where No One Has Gone Before.

"Where no man has gone before" is a phrase made popular through its use in the title sequence of the original Star Trek science fiction television series, describing the mission of the starship Enterprise. The complete introductory speech, spoken by William Shatner at the beginning of each episode, is:

Space: the final frontier. These are the voyages of the starship Enterprise. Its five-year mission: to explore strange new worlds, to seek out new life and new civilizations, to boldly go where no man has gone before.

This speech began every episode of the series except the two pilot episodes: "The Cage" (which preceded Shatner's involvement) and "Where No Man Has Gone Before". It was also used to introduce episodes of Star Trek: The Next Generation, but with the phrase "Its five-year mission" changed to "Its continuing mission" and the final phrase changed to the more neutral "where no one has gone before".

Origin

Dwayne A. Day, a blogger, says that the quotation was taken from a White House booklet published in 1958.[1] The Introduction to Outer Space, produced in an effort to garner support for a national space program in the wake of the Sputnik flight, read on page 1 (emphasis added):

The first of these factors is the compelling urge of man to explore and to discover, the thrust of curiosity that leads men to try to go where no one has gone before. Most of the surface of the earth has now been explored and men now turn to the exploration of outer space as their next objective.[2]

Following an early expedition to Newfoundland, Captain James Cook declared that he intended to go not only "... farther than any man has been before me, but as far as I think it is possible for a man to go"[3] (emphasis added). Cook's most famous ship, the Endeavour, lent its name to the last-produced of the space shuttles, much as the Star Trek starship Enterprise lent its name to the program's test craft.

Similar expressions have been used in literature before 1958. For example, H. P. Lovecraft's novella The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath, written in 1927 and published in 1943, includes this passage (emphasis again added):

At length, sick with longing for those glittering sunset streets and cryptical hill lanes among ancient tiled roofs, nor able sleeping or waking to drive them from his mind, Carter resolved to go with bold entreaty whither no man had gone before, and dare the icy deserts through the dark to where unknown Kadath, veiled in cloud and crowned with unimagined stars, holds secret and nocturnal the onyx castle of the Great Ones.[4]

In-universe, the quote was attributed in the Star Trek: Enterprise pilot episode "Broken Bow" to warp drive inventor Dr. Zefram Cochrane in a recorded speech during the dedication of the facility devoted to designing the first engine capable of reaching Warp 5 (thus making interstellar exploration practical for humans) in the year 2119, some thirty-two years before the 2151 launch of first vessel powered by such an engine, the Enterprise (NX-01):

On this site, a powerful engine will be built. An engine that will someday help us to travel a hundred times faster than we can today. Imagine it – thousands of inhabited planets at our fingertips... and we'll be able to explore those strange new worlds, and seek out new life and new civilizations. This engine will let us go boldly... where no man has gone before.

Evolution of the quotation

The phrase was first introduced into Star Trek by Samuel Peeples, who is attributed with suggesting it be used as an episode name.[5][6] The episode became "Where No Man Has Gone Before", the second pilot of Star Trek. The phrase itself was subsequently worked into the show's opening narration, which was written after the episode. Indeed, the introductory sequence was devised in August 1966, after several episodes had been filmed, and shortly before the series was due to debut. It is the result of the combined input of several people, including Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry and producers John D. F. Black and Bob Justman.[7] Roddenberry's original narrative is as follows:

This is the adventure of the United Space Ship Enterprise. Assigned a five year galaxy patrol, the bold crew of the giant starship explores the excitement of strange new worlds, uncharted civilizations, and exotic people. These are its voyages and its adventures.

Under their influence, the above narrative quote went through several revisions before being selected for use in the TV series.

The words "no one" were substituted for the original sequence's "no man" in the conclusion of Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country as a gender-neutral and race-neutral quote in conjunction to the peace treaty between the Klingons and Federation at the end of the movie. This alternate wording had already been in use in the introductory sequence for Star Trek: The Next Generation, now narrated by Patrick Stewart:

Space: the final frontier. These are the voyages of the starship Enterprise. Its continuing mission: to explore strange new worlds, to seek out new life and new civilizations, to boldly go where no one has gone before.

The quote was used in the 2009 Star Trek reboot film series, at the end of each film. In the 2009 film reboot of Star Trek', the word "ongoing" is used in place of "continuing". The quote is spoken by Spock Prime in Star Trek, Kirk in Star Trek Into Darkness and by Kirk, Spock, Scotty, Bones, Sulu, Chekov, and Uhura in Star Trek Beyond; the latter used the same monologue used for The Next Generation.

Outside Star Trek

The quotation has also gained popularity outside Star Trek. In 1989, NASA used the phrase to title its retrospective of Project Apollo: Where No Man Has Gone Before: A History of Apollo Lunar Exploration Missions.[8]

The phrase has become a snowclone, a rhetorical device and type of word play in which one word within it is replaced while maintaining the overall structure. For example, an episode of Futurama that dealt with a character's devotion to Star Trek is named "Where No Fan Has Gone Before", a level in the videogame Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Turtles in Time is called "Starbase: Where No Turtle Has Gone Before".[9] The Italian astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti became the first barista in space on the International Space Station, tweeting "To Boldly Brew..." in May 2015; she wore Star Trek: The Next Generation garb for the occasion.[10]

The phrase was referred to sarcastically on the retail box of the 1987 computer game Space Quest: The Sarien Encounter as "His mission: to scrub dirty decks...to replace burned-out lightbulbs...TO BOLDLY GO WHERE NO MAN HAS SWEPT THE FLOOR!" (emphasis original)[11] and similarly in 1992 regarding Apple's System 7 (code named "Star Trek") which was planned to run on Intel x86 processors by calling it "the OS that boldly goes where everyone else has been".[12] Likewise on Babylon 5, Ivanova implies that a woman is promiscuous by telling the captain, "Good luck, Captain. I think you're about to go where... everyone has gone before."[13]

The split infinitive "to boldly go" has also been the subject of jokes by those who insist this is grammatically incorrect. British humorist and science-fiction author Douglas Adams describes, in his series The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, the long-lost heroic age of the Galactic Empire, when bold adventurers dared "to boldly split infinitives that no man had split before".[14] In The Physics of Star Trek, Lawrence M. Krauss begins a list of Star Trek's ten worst errors by quoting one of his colleagues who considers that their greatest mistake is "to split an infinitive every damn time".[15]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Dwayne A. Day,"Boldly going: Star Trek and spaceflight", in The Space Review, 28 November 2005. Retrieved 15 August 2006.
  2. ↑ "Introduction to Outer Space". The White House. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C., 26 March 1958. URL accessed on 15 August 2006.
  3. ↑ Williams, Glyn (2002-08-01). "Captain Cook: Explorer, Navigator and Pioneer". Empire and Seapower. BBC. Retrieved 2007-01-25.
  4. ↑ Lovecraft, H. P. (1943). Beyond the Wall of Sleep. Arkham House. Available in Wikisource.
  5. ↑ David Alexander (1994). Star Trek Creator: The Authorized Biography of Gene Roddenberry. ROC.
  6. ↑ Whitfield, Stephen E & Roddenberry, Gene (1968). The Making of Star Trek. Ballatine Books.
  7. ↑ Blair Shewchuk. "Words: Woe and Wonder, To Boldly Split Infinitives". CBC News Online.
  8. ↑ W. David Compton, "Where No Man Has Gone Before: A History of Apollo Lunar Exploration Missions", NASA Special Publication-4214, NASA History Series, 1989. URL accessed on 15 August 2006.
  9. ↑ Instruction manual for Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles IV: Turtles in Time at Gamers Graveyard.
  10. ↑ http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/may/04/space-italy-coffee-astronaut-espresso-cristoforetti
  11. ↑ "Space Quest: The Sarien Encounter [PC]". gamepressure.com. Retrieved May 19, 2013.
  12. ↑ ComputerWorld Nov 2/92
  13. ↑ Straczynski, J. Michael. "Voices of Authority". Babylon 5. Season 3, Episode 5. January 29, 1996
  14. ↑ Adams, Douglas (1979). The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. Pan Books. ISBN 0-330-25864-8.
  15. ↑ Krauss, Lawrence M. (1995). The Physics of Star Trek. HarperPerennial. ISBN 978-0-465-00559-8.

External links

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