Voskhod (rocket)

Voskhod (R-7 11A57)

Voskhod rocket
Function Man-rated LEO carrier rocket
Manufacturer OKB-1
Country of origin Soviet Union
Size
Height 30.84 m (101.18 ft)
Diameter 2.99 m (9.8 ft)
Mass 298,400 kg (657,800 lb)
Stages 2
Capacity
Payload to LEO 5,900 kg (13,000 lb)
Associated rockets
Family R-7
Launch history
Status Retired
Launch sites LC-1 & LC-31, Baikonur
LC-41, Plesetsk
Total launches 300
Successes 287
Failures 13
First flight 16 November 1963
Last flight 29 June 1976
Notable payloads Voskhod spacecraft
Zenit
Boosters
No. boosters 4
Engines 1 RD-107-8D74K
Thrust 995.3 kN (223,752 lbf)
Specific impulse 257 sec
Burn time 119 seconds
Fuel RP-1/LOX
First stage
Engines 1 RD-107-8D75K
Thrust 941 kN (221,500 lbf)
Specific impulse 248 sec
Burn time 301 seconds
Fuel RP-1/LOX
Second stage
Engines 1 RD-0108
Thrust 294 kN (66,093 lbf)
Specific impulse 330 sec
Burn time 240 seconds
Fuel RP-1/LOX

The Voskhod rocket (Russian: Восход, "ascent", "dawn") was a derivative of the Soviet R-7 ICBM designed for the human spaceflight programme but later used for launching Zenit reconnaissance satellites.[1][2] It consisted of the Molniya 8K78M third stage minus the Blok L.[3] In 1966, all R-7 variants were equipped with the uprated core stage and strap-ons of the Soyuz 11A511. The Blok I stage in the Voskhod booster used the RD-107 engine rather than the RD-110 in the Soyuz, which was more powerful and also man-rated. The sole exception to this were the two manned Voskhod launches, which had RD-108 engines, a man-rated RD-107 but with the same performance.

All 11A57s launched after 1965 were functionally an 11A511 without the Soyuz's payload shroud and launch escape system (with the exception of the third stage propulsion system as noted above). Around 300 were flown from Baikonur and Plesetsk through 1976 (various payloads, but Zenith PHOTINT satellites were the most common). The newer 11A511U core had been introduced in 1973, but the existing stock of 11A57s took another three years to use up.

Voskhod 11A57

See also

References

  1. ↑ Barensky, C. Lardier, Stefan (2013). The Soyuz launch vehicle the two lives of an engineering triumph. New York: Springer. p. 160. ISBN 146145459X.
  2. ↑ Hall, Rex; Shayler, David J. (2001). The rocket men : Vostok & Voskhod, the first Soviet manned spaceflights. London [u.a.]: Springer [u.a.] p. 226. ISBN 185233391X.
  3. ↑ Kruse, Richard. "Historic Spacecraft - Soviet and Russian Rockets". HistoricSpacecraft.com. Historic Spacecraft. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
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