Ushaw College
| Ushaw College | |
|---|---|
| St. Cuthbert's College, Ushaw | |
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St. Cuthbert's College, Ushaw, Durham | |
  Ushaw College Location of St. Cuthbert's College, Ushaw | |
| Coordinates: 54°47′17″N 1°39′40″W / 54.78818°N 1.66116°W | |
| Location | Ushaw Moor, Durham |
| Country | UK |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| Website | http://www.ushaw.org |
| History | |
| Former name(s) | English College, Douai |
| Founded | September 29, 1568 |
| Founder(s) | Bishop William Gibson |
| Dedication | St. Cuthbert |
| Consecrated | September 1808 |
| Architecture | |
| Status | Theological College |
| Functional status | Closed |
| Heritage designation | Grade II*[1] |
| Designated | 17 January 1967 |
| Architect(s) |
James Taylor |
| Style | Gothic Revival |
| Groundbreaking | 23 April 1804 |
| Completed | 2 August 1808 |
| Closed | 2011 |
| Administration | |
| Parish | St. Joseph's, Ushaw Moor |
| Deanery | St. Cuthbert |
| Episcopal area | Sunderland and East Durham |
| Diocese | Hexham and Newcastle |
| Province | Liverpool |
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Ushaw College was a former Catholic seminary near the village of Ushaw Moor, County Durham, England. It was founded in 1808 by scholars from the English College, Douai, who had fled France after the French Revolution. Ushaw College was affiliated with the University of Durham from 1968 and was the principal Roman Catholic seminary for the training of Catholic priests in the north of England, finally closing in 2011 due to the shortage of vocations. The buildings and grounds are now maintained by a charitable trust.
History
Founding
The English College, Douai was founded in 1568 but was forced to leave France in 1795 following the French Revolution. Part of the college settled temporarily at Crook Hall northwest of Durham. In 1804 Bishop William Gibson began to build at Ushaw Moor, four miles west of Durham. These buildings, designed by James Taylor, were opened as St Cuthbert's College in 1808. There was a steady expansion during the nineteenth century with new buildings put up to cater for the expanding number of clerical and secular students. In 1847, the newly built chapel, designed by Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin was opened.[2] This was followed by the Big Library and Exhibition Hall designed by Joseph Hansom, 1849–1851.[3] The Junior House, designed by the distinguished architect, Peter Paul Pugin, was added in 1859. St Cuthbert’s Chapel, designed by Dunn and Hansom, was opened in 1884, replacing an earlier one by Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin, which the seminary had then outgrown. The Refectory was designed and built by E. W. Pugin. The final development came in the early 1960s with the opening of a new East wing, providing additional classrooms and single bedrooms for 75 students. The main college buildings are grade II listed, however the College Chapel is grade II* and the Chapel of St Michael is grade I.
University of Durham
The College became a Licensed Hall of Residence of the University of Durham in 1968. It was independent of the University but offered courses validated by the University, and both Church and lay students studied at the college. The Junior House closed in 1972, its younger students being transferred to St Joseph's College, Upholland in Lancashire.
21st Century
In 2002 the College rejected a report from the Roman Catholic hierarchy that it should merge with St Mary's College, Oscott, near Birmingham.[4] However, in October 2010 it was announced that the college would close in 2011 due to the shortage of vocations in the Roman Catholic Church, and that the site might be sold.[5] Following a detailed feasibility study by the college's Trustees and Durham University (and with the full support of Durham County Council and of English Heritage)[6] during 2011;[7] it was announced in January 2012 that Durham Business School would temporarily relocate to the College during rebuilding of the School’s buildings in Durham. This is seen as the first step in a long-term education-based vision for the site.[8] The University have also agreed to catalogue and archive the Ushaw library and inventory the other collections to ensure their preservation and specialist conservation,[9] with a view to creating a proposed Ushaw Centre for Catholic Scholarship and Heritage.[6]
Heraldry
The College armorial bearings are "Per pale dexter Argent a Cross Gules on a Canton Azure a Cross of St Cuthbert proper sinister impaling Allen Argent three Rabbits couchant in pale Sable."
Various emblems on shield represent the college's history and foundation, for example:-
- Three coneys are from the family coat of arms of William Allen, the founder of English College, Douai. See Three hares.
- The small cross of St Cuthbert represents the College's patron saint (it is modelled on St Cuthbert's own pectoral cross, which is kept in the Treasury at Durham Cathedral).
- The large cross of St George honours the English Roman Catholic Martyrs.
Alumni
Clergy
- Nicholas Cardinal Wiseman – first Archbishop of Westminster
- Francis Cardinal Bourne – Archbishop of Westminster
- Arthur Cardinal Hinsley – Archbishop of Westminster
- William Cardinal Godfrey – Archbishop of Westminster
- John Carmel Cardinal Heenan – Archbishop of Westminster
- Rafael Cardinal Merry del Val y Zulueta – Cardinal Secretary of State
- Charles Petre Eyre – Archbishop of Glasgow.
- Louis Charles Casartelli – 4th Bishop of Salford
- Hugh Lindsay – 10th Bishop of Hexham and Newcastle
- James Chadwick – 2nd Bishop of Hexham and Newcastle
- Alexander Goss – Bishop of Liverpool
- Thomas Grant – Bishop of Southwark
- Mark Davies, Bishop of Shrewsbury
- John Lingard – author of The History Of England, From the First Invasion by the Romans to the Accession of Henry VIII
- John Furniss – English Roman Catholic priest, known for his mission to children
- James Nugent – Roman Catholic priest of the Archdiocese of Liverpool
- Nicholas Rigby – English Roman Catholic priest and author of The Real Doctrine of the Church on Scripture
- Constantine Scollen – Irish Roman Catholic missionary priest and outstanding linguist in Canada in the mid- to late 19th century and author of Thirty Years among the Indians of the Northwest
Lay
- George Goldie – nineteenth-century ecclesiastical architect
- Edward Goldie – nineteenth- and twentieth-century ecclesiastical architect
- Alexander Martin Sullivan – Irish lawyer and defence counsel in the trial of Roger Casement
- Charles Napier Hemy – artist and Royal Academician
- Francis Thompson – English poet
- Joseph Gillow – author of Bibliographical Dictionary of the English Roman Catholics
- William Shee – first Roman Catholic to sit as a judge in England and Wales since the Reformation
- Paul Goggins – Labour Member of Parliament for Wythenshawe and Sale East and junior minister in the Northern Ireland Office.
- Joseph Scott – attorney in Los Angeles, founder of the Southwest Museum of the American Indian, vice-president of the Panama-Pacific International Exposition (1915)
- Lafcadio Hearn (also known as Koizumi Yakumo) – author, best known for his books about Japan
- Francis Petre - prominent New Zealand-born architect designed the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, Christchurch
- Peter Paul Pugin – English architect
- James Joseph Foy – Ontario Attorney General and political figure
- Myles William Patrick O'Reilly – Roman Catholic soldier and politician
- Archibald Matthias Dunn – Roman Catholic ecclesiastical architect
- Major James Gerald O'Ryan – British/Indian Army
- Charles Bruzon – Gibraltarian government minister and curate[10]
Former presidents
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References
- ↑ British Listed Buildings
- ↑ Gillow, Henry Chapels at Ushaw, with Historical Introduction (George Neasham, 1885) p. 55
- ↑ Harris, Penelope, "The Architectural Achievement of Joseph Aloysius Hansom (1803–1882)", The Edwin Mellen Press, 2010, p.157, ISBN 0-7734-3851-3
- ↑ http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2002/jul/02/religion.highereducation
- ↑ http://www.journallive.co.uk/north-east-news/todays-news/2010/10/09/historic-ushaw-college-will-close-its-doors-61634-27436541/
- 1 2 http://www.dur.ac.uk/news/newsitem/?itemno=12272
- ↑ http://www.dur.ac.uk/research/news/?itemno=12272
- ↑ http://www.catholic-ew.org.uk/Home/News-Releases/Agreement-for-temporary-move-to-Ushaw-College/%28language%29/eng-GB
- ↑ http://www.ushaw.ac.uk/news/News.html
- ↑ VOX, ed. (2007-07-14). "Charles Bruzon: From Priesthood To Parliament". Retrieved 2012-10-11.
External links
- Ushaw College official site
- Roman Catholic Encyclopaedia Entry for Ushaw College
- Ushaw College Library
- St Cuthbert's Society, Ushaw (Alumni)
- Thomas Eyre, the first President
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