United States House of Representatives elections, 1900

United States House of Representatives elections, 1900
United States
November 6, 1900[Note 1]

All 357 seats to the United States House of Representatives
179 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party Third party
 
Leader David Henderson James Richardson John Calhoun Bell
Party Republican Democratic Populist
Leader's seat Iowa-3rd Tennessee-5th Colorado-2nd
Last election 189 seats[Note 2] 161 seats 6 seats
Seats won 201[1][2][Note 3] 151[1][2] 5[1][2]
Seat change Increase 12 Decrease 10 Decrease 1

Speaker before election

David Henderson
Republican

Elected Speaker

David Henderson
Republican

Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in 1900 for members of the 57th Congress, coinciding with the re-election of President William McKinley.

McKinley's Republican Party gained thirteen seats from the Democratic Party and minor parties, cementing their majority. A reassertion of Republican control in the Mid-Atlantic was key in the gain of new seats. However, with an improved economy, especially in the industrial sector, the election cycle featured no keystone issue, resulting in a general support for the status quo. The fading Populist Party held on to five House seats, while the sole member of the Silver Party changed parties to Democratic.

Election summaries

200 1 5 151
Republican SR P Democratic
State Type Total
seats
Republican Democratic Populist Silver/
Silver Republican
Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change
Alabama District 9 0 Decrease 1 9 Increase 1 0 Steady 0 Steady
Arkansas District 6 0 Steady 6 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
California District 7 7 Increase 1 0 Decrease 1 0 Steady 0 Steady
Colorado District 2 0 Steady 0 Steady 1 Steady 1[Note 3] Steady
Connecticut District 4 4 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Delaware At-large 1 1 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Florida District 2 0 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Georgia District 11 0 Steady 11 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Idaho At-large 1 0 Steady 0 Steady 1 Increase 1 0 Decrease 1[Note 4]
Illinois District 22 11 Decrease 3 11 Increase 3 0 Steady 0 Steady
Indiana District 13 9 Steady 4 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Iowa District 11 11 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Kansas District
+at-large
8 7 Steady 1 Increase 1 0 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Kentucky District 11 3 Increase 1 8 Decrease 1 0 Steady 0 Steady
Louisiana District 6 0 Steady 6 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Maine[Note 5] District 4 4 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Maryland District 6 6 Increase 2 0 Decrease 2 0 Steady 0 Steady
Massachusetts District 13 10 Steady 3 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Michigan District 12 12 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Minnesota District 7 7 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Mississippi District 7 0 Steady 7 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Missouri District 15 3[Note 6] Steady 12 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Montana At-large 1 0 Steady 0 Decrease 1 1 Increase 1 0 Steady
Nebraska District 6 2 Steady 2 Increase 1 2 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Nevada At-large 1 0 Steady 1 Increase 1 0 Steady 0 Decrease 1[Note 7]
New Hampshire District 2 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
New Jersey District 8 6 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
New York District 34 21 Increase 5 13 Decrease 5 0 Steady 0 Steady
North Carolina District 9 2 Steady 7 Increase 1 0 Decrease 1 0 Steady
North Dakota At-large 1 1 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Ohio District 21 17 Increase 2 4 Decrease 2 0 Steady 0 Steady
Oregon[Note 5] District 2 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Pennsylvania District
+2 at-large
30 26 Increase 6 4 Decrease 6 0 Steady 0 Steady
Rhode Island District 2 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
South Carolina District 7 0 Steady 7 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
South Dakota At-large 2 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Tennessee District 10 2 Steady 8 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Texas District 13 0 Decrease 1 13 Increase 1 0 Steady 0 Steady
Utah At-large 1 1 Increase 1 0 Decrease 1 0 Steady 0 Steady
Vermont[Note 5] District 2 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Virginia District 10 0 Steady 10 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Washington At-large 2 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
West Virginia District 4 4 Increase 1 0 Decrease 1 0 Steady 0 Steady
Wisconsin District 10 10 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Wyoming At-large 1 1 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Total 357 200
56.0%
Increase 13 151
42.3%
Decrease 10 5
1.4%
Decrease 1 1[Note 3]
0.3%
Decrease 2
House seats
Republican
 
56.02%
Democratic
 
42.30%
Populist
 
1.40%
Silver Republican
 
0.28%

The previous election of 1898 saw the election of 6 Populists, 2 Silver Republicans, and a Silver Party member.

[[File:57 us house membership.png|thumb|500px|
House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80+ to 100% Democratic
  80+ to 100% Populist
  80+ to 100% Republican
  60+ to 80% Democratic
 
  60+ to 80% Republican
  Up to 60% Democratic
  Up to 60% Populist
  Up to 60% Republican

]]

[[File:57 us house changes.png|thumb|500px|
Net gain in party representation
  6+ Democratic gain
 
  6+ Republican gain
  3-5 Democratic gain
 
  3-5 Republican gain
  1-2 Democratic gain
  1-2 Populist gain
  1-2 Republican gain
  no net change

]]

Early election dates

In 1900, three states, with 8 seats among them, held elections early:

Complete returns

Party abbreviations

California

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
California 1 John All Barham Republican 1894 Retired
Republican hold
Frank Coombs (R) 55.3%
James F. Farraher (D) 42.4%
William Morgan (Soc) 1.6%
Charles T. Clark (P) 0.8%
California 2 Previous incumbent Marion De Vries (D) resigned
August 20, 1900 to accept a judicial position
Republican gain Samuel D. Woods[Note 8] (R) 50.4%
J. D. Sproul (D) 47.9%
W. F. Lockwood (Soc) 0.9%
W. H. Barron (P) 0.8%
California 3 Victor H. Metcalf Republican 1898 Re-elected Victor H. Metcalf (R) 58.3%
Frank Freeman (D) 38%
R. A. Dague (Soc) 2.6%
Alvin W. Holt (P) 1.1%
California 4 Julius Kahn Republican 1898 Re-elected Julius Kahn (R) 55.7%
R. Porter Ashe (D) 38.2%
Charles C. O'Donnell (I) 3.6%
G. B. Benham (Soc) 2.2%
Joseph Rowell (P) 0.3%
California 5 Eugene F. Loud Republican 1890 Re-elected Eugene F. Loud (R) 55.7%
J. H. Henry (D) 41.3%
C. H. King Sr. (Soc) 2.2%
Fred E. Caton (P) 0.8%
California 6 Russell J. Waters Republican 1898 Retired
Republican hold
James McLachlan (R) 52.4%
W. D. Crichton (D) 42.4%
Noble A. Richardson (Soc) 3.1%
A. H. Hensley (P) 2.1%
California 7 James C. Needham Republican 1898 Re-elected James C. Needham (R) 51.8%
William Graves (D) 37.9%
H. G. Wilshire (Soc) 7%
James Campbell (P) 3.2%

Florida

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Florida 1 Stephen M. Sparkman Democratic 1894 Re-elected Stephen M. Sparkman (D) 87.0%
G. Brown Patterson (R) 13.0%
Florida 2 Robert Wyche Davis Democratic 1896 Re-elected Robert Wyche Davis (D) 80.0%
John M. Cheney (R) 20.0%

Nevada

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Nevada at-large Francis G. Newlands Democratic 1892 Re-elected
as Democratic
Francis G. Newlands (D/Sil) 58.8%
E. S. Farrington (R) 41.2%

South Carolina

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
South Carolina 1 William Elliott Democratic 1886
1896
Re-elected William Elliott (D) 72.7%
W. W. Beckett (R) 27.3%
South Carolina 2 W. Jasper Talbert Democratic 1892 Re-elected W. Jasper Talbert (D) 97.7%
J. B. Odom (R) 2.3%
South Carolina 3 Asbury Latimer Democratic 1892 Re-elected Asbury Latimer (D) 97.5%
Anson C. Merrick (R) 2.5%
South Carolina 4 Stanyarne Wilson Democratic 1894 Lost primary
Democratic hold
Joseph T. Johnson (D) 97.0%
S. T. Poinier (R) 3.0%
South Carolina 5 David E. Finley Democratic 1898 Re-elected David E. Finley (D) 97.3%
John F. Jones (R) 2.7%
South Carolina 6 James Norton Democratic 1897 (special) Lost primary
Democratic hold
Robert B. Scarborough (D) 94.3%
R. A. Stuart (R) 5.7%
South Carolina 7 J. William Stokes Democratic 1894 Re-elected J. William Stokes (D) 93.2%
Alexander D. Dantzler (R) 6.8%

J. William Stokes (D) of the 7th district died in office on July 6, 1901 and was replaced in a special election by Asbury F. Lever (D)

See also

Notes

  1. Three states held earlier elections between June 4 and September 10.
  2. Included 2 Silver Republicans.
  3. 1 2 3 Includes 1 member of the Silver Republican faction, John F. Shafroth, of CO-01.
  4. Previous election had 1 member from the Silver Republican Party faction.
  5. 1 2 3 Elections held early.
  6. Elections to MO-12 were contested multiple times, and the seat was considered vacant for much of the 57th Congress – Republican George C. Wagoner was finally seated just before the end of the 57th Congress. See Dubin, p. 333 and 337–338.
  7. Previous election had 1 member from the Silver Party.
  8. Also won special election to 56th Congress.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 Martis, pp. 154–155.

Bibliography

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