United Episcopal Church of North America

United Episcopal Church of North America

UECNA crest
Classification Continuing Anglican
Orientation Classical Anglicanism.
Polity Episcopal (with apostolic succession)
Leader Peter D. Robinson
Associations Intercommunion with Anglican Catholic Church, and the Anglican Province of Christ the King
Region North America
Founder Charles Doren 1915-2014
Origin 1981
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Separated from Anglican Catholic Church
Congregations 25 parishes, missions and affiliated congregations [1]
unitedepiscopalchurch.org

The United Episcopal Church of North America (UECNA) is a traditional Anglican Christian church that is part of the Continuing Anglican movement. It is not part of the Anglican Communion.

The UECNA describes itself as "embracing the broad base of ceremonial practice inherent in the Historic Anglican Communion"[2] though historically the UECNA has tended to be Low or Broad Church in its ceremonial practice. The UECNA uses the 1928 Book of Common Prayer, in the USA, and the 1962 edition of the Canadian Prayer Book north of the border. Occasional use of the 1662 Book of Common Prayer is permitted.

The changes in the mainline denominations that it and other continuing churches object to include the acceptance of lax policies on the authority of Scripture, divorce, abortion, the ordination of women, and changes to the theology of the Book of Common Prayer. They also object to more recent innovations such as the ordination of openly homosexual clergy, but these were not at issue when they broke with the Episcopal Church.

History

Founding of the UECNA

The origins of the United Episcopal Church of North America lie with the Congress of St. Louis in September 1977, and with Charles D. D. Doren, the first Bishop consecrated for the Anglican Church of North America (Episcopal) - later called the Anglican Catholic Church. Doren had been elected Bishop of the Diocese of the Midwest immediately following the St Louis meeting, and was consecrated on 28 January 1978 by bishops Albert A. Chambers, acting bishop of the ACNA(E), and Francisco Pagtakhan, letters of consent having been received from bishop Mark Pae of Taejon, Korea, and Charles Boynton, formerly Assistant Bishop of New York. He was translated to the Diocese of the Mid-Atlantic states in 1979, but he soon backed away from active participation in the Anglican Catholic Church. He was alienated by the numerous Constitution and Canonical revisions undertaken in 1978-1981, and by the "stained glass ceiling" which kept Low Church clergy out of the episcopate. He finally resigned his diocese at the end of 1980.

Parallel to Bishop Doren's departure from active episcopal ministry in the ACC, three parishes left the Anglican Catholic Church, and set about the task of forming a body that would be more hospitable to Classical Anglican, and especially to Low Churchmen. This led to the creation of the United Episcopal Church of North America, at a meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in October 1981. The standing committee of the new jurisdiction invited Bishop Doren to be its first bishop and, subsequently, the first archbishop. In more recent years, the church has described itself as representing the Broad/Central and Low Church traditions, but it also has one or two parishes from the Anglo-Catholic tradition. The church's constitution and canons are modeled on the PECUSA's 1958 code with some amendments, including provisions for the erection of dioceses in Canada, and more specific direction is given as to the circumstances in which the jurisdiction will consecrate bishops for overseas. The last significant revision of the UECNA canons was made in 1992/1996 with minor amendments being made in 2011 and 2014.

Under the leadership of archbishops Doren (1981–1987) and Knight (1987–1992), the UECNA grew to almost forty congregations. In 1988-90 these were divided between the Diocese of the Ohio Valley and at least three missionary districts - West, South and East. So far this has represented the high-water mark of the church's prosperity. The UECNA underwent a protracted decline during the early 1990s due to the illness and increasing incapacity of the then presiding bishop, John Cyrus Gramley (South 1985-96; Presiding Bishop 1992–96), whose health started to decline shortly after his election. When the summons to General Convention was issued in 1996 only seven parishes responded. The Fifth General Convention then proceeded to place the missionary districts into suspension and the church was administered as a single diocese from then until April 2010. The Rev. Stephen C. Reber, Sr., was elected as bishop-coadjutor and consecrated in September 1996 by bishops Robert C. Harvey, assisted by bishops Miller, Hamers, Gramley, and Caudill. Bishop Gramley died shortly thereafter.

During the late 1990s, Bishop Reber traveled many thousands of miles reactivating old UECNA parishes and receiving new congregations into the jurisdiction. He continued the policy, started by Bishop Knight, of relaxing the aggressively Low Church stance of the jurisdiction allowing the range of churchmanship within the United Episcopal Church to broaden. However, unlike the ACC and APCK, the UECNA still requires that, in addition to the Scriptures and the Book of Common Prayer, candidates for the ministry to assent to the Thirty-nine Articles. In 1999 the UECNA entered into a short-lived intercommunion agreement with the Anglican Province of America, causing the ACC to suspend its intercommunion agreement with the UECNA. However, that action was not mirrored by the Anglican Province of Christ the King. The UECNA subsequently suspended its intercommunion agreement with the Anglican Province in America in 2002 when the latter entered into a relationship with the Reformed Episcopal Church.

In 2007, intercommunion with the ACC was restored after a lapse of eight years, so that the UECNA now has cordial relations with both the ACC and the APCK.[3] From 2007 to 2011, the ACC and the UECNA explored opportunities for greater cooperation and the possibility of achieving organic unity. Bishop Presley Hutchens of the ACC addressed delegates to the UECNA convention of 2008 and discussed the possibility of uniting the ACC and UECNA.[4] Although well received at the time, there was a feeling among many of the delegates that the matter was being rushed, and that no proper consideration were being given to the theological, constitutional and canonical consideration thrown up by the move. Moves towards unity with the Anglican Catholic Church were referred for further discussion, and subsequently stalled.

At the 2008 General Convention, the delegates elected three suffragan bishops with the intention that they would serve the UECNA and also assist the ACC and APCK when requested. Two of them subsequently departed the UECNA for the Reformed Episcopal Church, leaving the Right Rev. Peter D. Robinson as the sole suffragan bishop in UECNA until his appointment as Bishop of the Missionary District of the West in November 2009. In April 2010 by the National Council, Bishop Robinson was named as 'Archbishop Coadjutor' to succeeded the Most Rev. Stephen C. Reber upon his retirement on September 6, 2010. He was elected as Presiding Bishop by the 10th General Convention, held in Heber Springs, AR, on 12 May 2011. Under Bishop Robinson's leadership, the UECNA has returned to a 'Classical Anglican' position emphasizing its continuity with the old Protestant Episcopal Church and the English Reformation.

In July, 2014, a small continuing Anglican jurisdiction, the Diocese of the Great Lakes, under Bishop David Hustwick, joined the UECNA as its diocese for the Great Lakes states and eastern Canada. In January, 2015, a petition was received from Bishop George Conner of the Anglican Episcopal Church at the behest of that jurisdiction's standing committee asking for admission as a non-geographical diocese of the UECNA. This was granted on February 11, 2015.

By early 2016, there were 26 UECNA congregations in 13 states, including Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Florida, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, and Virginia. The UECNA also has clergy in Canada.

Episcopate

The UECNA traces its historic episcopate from the Church of England as follows:

From the Scottish Episcopal Church the line is as follows:

Intercommunion agreements

See: Anglicanism

The UECNA has effected intercommunion agreements with a number of other Continuing Anglican churches. Those presently in effect are with:

Governance

Dioceses and missionary districts

The United Episcopal Church is divided into the Diocese of the Great Lakes, the Anglican Episcopal Church (a non-geographical diocese), and three missionary districts/dioceses—the West, consisting of churches in Arizona and California; the South and Ozarks, consisting of churches in Missouri, Arkansas, western Kentucky, and Alabama; and the East, consisting of churches in Florida, eastern Kentucky, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. These are governed on a day-to-day basis by missionary bishops appointed by the National Council who act in concert with the Council of Advice (standing committee) and the Diocesan Convention or Convocation.

Convocations consist of every cleric in good standing and canonically resident within the missionary district, plus lay delegates from each congregation. District convocations are unicameral, and are responsible for general policy within each district, including the allocation of funds received from the National Council.

General Convention

The General Convention meets every third year, and consists of two houses. The larger is the House of Deputies which currently consists of one cleric and up to four lay representatives from each parish and mission of the UECNA. However, once a fourth diocese is established, the canons require that the representation be changed to a diocesan basis and that four clergy and four lay deputies be elected for each diocese by its convention. This would reduce the size of the House of Deputies 32 members, plus alternates against the current maximum of over one hundred. The House of Deputies has a president, who is usually a priest. The present holder of this office is the Very Rev. Richard Desroches, Dean of the Carolinas and Priest-in-Charge of Christ the King, Lexington, North Carolina. The House of Deputies is the lower house of the General Convention. The lower house elects the president, treasurer, and secretary of the General Convention who continue in office until the commencement of the next convention. Consideration is being given to amending the Canons to allow the two Houses of General Convention to meet in joint session.

Presiding Bishop

The Presiding Bishop is elected by the General Convention, takes office on the 15th November following his predecessors retirement, and serves until the 14th November following his 72nd birthday; his successor having been elected at the previous General Convention. In the event of an unexpected vacancy, the senior bishop by date of consecration who has jurisdiction acts as Presiding Bishop until the next General Convention. The Presiding Bishop has the title of Archbishop, and is assigned the following duties "to preside over meetings of the House of Bishops... ; take order for the consecration of bishops, duly elected; ...and perform such other duties as shall be assigned to him by the General Convention." (UECNA Canon 3) By custom, he administers vacant dioceses and missionary districts on behalf of the House of Bishops.

House of Bishops

The upper house of General Convention is the House of Bishops which consists of all UECNA bishops in good standing. It meets under the chairmanship of the Archbishop, and has the power to nominate bishops for missionary dioceses, to take order for the administration of vacant dioceses and missionary districts, and to set policy with regard to ordination and other related matters. Unlike the House of Deputies it customarily meets annually on the second Thursday of May to discuss matters of mutual concern between meetings of the General Convention.

At present its membership consists of:

Bishops of the Anglican Catholic Church and the Anglican Province of Christ the King may sit in the UECNA House of Bishops and have voice but not vote.

Business may be originated in either house of General Convention, though the budget customarily commences in the House of Deputies, and canon changes in the House of Bishops. After a first reading it passes to the other house of the General Convention for review and approval. If amendments are made it must be approved and returned to the originating house and be approved as amended before going to the Archbishop for signature.

National Council

The National Council is composed of the Archbishop, two other bishops, three priests, six laypersons, and two representative of UECW. The bishops are elected by the House of Bishops, the clergy and lay members are elected members by the House of Deputies, and the two representatives of UECW by their triennial meeting. The National Council meets regularly each year, usually in mid-May, and at the end of General Convention when it meets. The Presiding Bishop has the authority to convene special meetings should circumstances so require. The canons describe the functions of the National Council as being to coordinate the church's social work, missions, and publicity, but over time it has become a sounding board for the House of Bishops assisting them in their administration of the church between general conventions. Bishop Robinson has suggested that it may be time to redefine the role of the National Council, and rename it the "Administrative or Executive Council" and formalize its expanded purpose.

Doctrine

The doctrinal position of the United Episcopal Church is defined by the Declaration of Conformity contained in Article VIII of the UECNA Constitution which grounds the doctrine of the Church in the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, the Book of Common Prayer (1928) and the Thirty-nine Articles of Religion (1571/1801) stressing the jurisdiction's continuity with the English Reformation and the old Protestant Episcopal Church. This is intended to center the Church's doctrine firmly in the 'Classical Anglicanism' tradition as contained in the historic formularies of the Church; the Thirty-nine Articles and the Book of Common Prayer. These, in turn, refer back to the inerrant Holy Scriptures and the Ancient Fathers and Councils of the Church, as well as to the "New Learning" of the Reformation era. The UECNA also wary of nineteenth and early twentieth century movements, such as Fundamentalism and Dispensationalism, which are at odds with historic Christian theology.

The UECNA considers the Affirmation of St. Louis to be one of its founding documents but considers it to be a supplement to, rather tha a replacement for, older statements such as the Articles of Religion, the Homilies, and the Book of Common Prayer. The UECNA accepts the Affirmation of St Louis as a response to the theological and moral crisis in the Episcopal Church and the Anglican Church of Canada in the early 1970s, and as a call to action on the part of orthodox Episcopalians to preserve the traditional teaching and worship of the Church.

In ceremonial matters, the present Presiding Bishop, the Most Rev. Peter D. Robinson, points outs that the UECNA has a greater diversity of churchmanship and ceremonial practice than it did in the 1980s. However, the church is very insistent that ceremonial use conform to traditional Anglican or Episcopalian customs. Historically, the minimum of vestments required for services in parish churches is surplice and tippet (rochet, chimere and tippet for bishops.) At the other extreme, the 1559 Ornaments Rubric represents the maximum of vesture and ornament contemplated by the compilers of the BCP. Most parishes are Broad Church.

Ordination and lay leadership

See: Episcopal polity

The UECNA's leadership is divided among lay leaders and ordained ministers as follows:

Ministry

An Anglican altar

[10]

Lay ministry

Clerical state

Lay leadership positions

In addition to Lay Readers and Diocesan Readers, the following lay ministries exist in the United Episcopal Church

United Episcopal Church Women

The UECW is an official organization of women who serve the church. Their particular focus is to raise funds for the missionary work of the Church. The work of UECW is coordinated by an Executive Council which is elected at the UECW Triennial Meeting which occurs during the General Convention week.

Publications

See also

References

  1. UECNA website.
  2. The United Episcopal Church - An Introduction (UECNA 1990, rev. 2013)
  3. Excerpts from the website of the UECNA
  4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ViHz7oPK60&NR=1 Youtube video of the Convention
  5. http://www.anglicancatholic.org - Chambers Succession
  6. ACC Website; Chambers Succession
  7. The UECNA records preserve the program for Bishop Reber's consecration, which names Bishop Harvey as the principal consecrator.
  8. UECNA records
  9. http://www.anglicancatholic.org/acc-uec.html
  10. UECNA ordination guide on-line

External links

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