Ungava collared lemming

Ungava collared lemming
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Rodentia
Family:	Cricetidae
Genus:	Dicrostonyx
Species:	D. hudsonius
Binomial name
Dicrostonyx hudsonius (Pallas, 1778)
Distribution map of the Ungava collared lemming

The Ungava collared lemming or Labrador collared lemming (Dicrostonyx hudsonius) is a small North American lemming.

This species has a short, chunky body covered with brownish-grey fur, with a thin dark stripe along the back and a yellow line along its sides. It has small ears, short legs and a very short tail, and a reddish collar across its chest and a reddish patch behind its ears. In winter, it is covered with white fur, and develops enlarged digging claws on its front feet. They average 14  cm long with a 1.5 cm tail, and weigh about 60 g.

These animals are found in the tundra of northern Quebec and Labrador. They feed on grasses, sedges and other green vegetation in summer, and twigs of willow, aspen, and birches in winter. Predators include snowy owls, mustelids, and Arctic foxes.

Females have two or three litters of four to eight young in a year. The young are born in a nest in an underground burrow or concealed in vegetation.

They are active year-round, day and night. They make runways through the surface vegetation and also dig underground burrows above the permafrost. They burrow under the snow in winter. Lemming populations go through a three- or four-year cycle of boom and bust. When their population peaks, lemmings disperse from overcrowded areas.

Remains of these animals dating back to the end of the last ice age have been discovered in the Ottawa valley, far south of their current range.

References