The ascidian mitochondrial code

The ascidian mitochondrial code (translation table 13) is a genetic code found in the mitochondria of Ascidia.

Code

   AAs = FFLLSSSSYY**CCWWLLLLPPPPHHQQRRRRIIMMTTTTNNKKSSGGVVVVAAAADDEEGGGG
Starts = ---M------------------------------MM---------------M------------
 Base1 = TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
 Base2 = TTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGG
 Base3 = TCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAG

Bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T) or uracil (U).

Amino acids: Alanine (Ala, A), Arginine (Arg, R), Asparagine (Asn, N), Aspartic acid (Asp, D), Cysteine (Cys, C), Glutamic acid (Glu, E), Glutamine (Gln, Q), Glycine (Gly, G), Histidine (His, H), Isoleucine (Ile, I), Leucine (Leu, L), Lysine (Lys, K), Methionine (Met, M), Phenylalanine (Phe, F), Proline (Pro, P), Serine (Ser, S), Threonine (Thr, T), Tryptophan (Trp, W), Tyrosine (Tyr, Y), Valine (Val, V)

Differences from the standard code

Differences from the standard code:
Code 13 Standard
AGA Gly Arg
AGG Gly Arg
AUA Met Ile
UGA Trp Ter

Systematic range and comments

There is evidence from a phylogenetically diverse sample of tunicates (Urochordata) that AGA and AGG code for glycine. In other organisms, AGA/AGG code for either arginine or serine and in vertebrate mitochondria they code a STOP. Evidence for glycine translation of AGA/AGG has been found in Pyura stolonifera[1][2][3][4][5]

Alternative initiation codons

See also

References

  1. ↑ Durrheim; et al., Halocynthia roretzi, PMID 8393993
  2. ↑ Kondow; et al. (1999). "An extra tRNAGly(U*CU) found in ascidian mitochondria responsible for decoding non-universal codons AGA/AGG as glycine.". Nucleic Acids Res. 27: 2554–9. doi:10.1093/nar/27.12.2554. PMC 148460Freely accessible. PMID 10352185.
  3. ↑ Yokobori; et al. (1993). "Codons AGA and AGG are read as glycine in ascidian mitochondria". J. Mol. Evol. 36: 1–8. doi:10.1007/bf02407301. PMID 8381878.
  4. ↑ Yokobori; et al. (1999). "Ciona savignyi". J. Mol. Evol. 57: 574–87. doi:10.1007/s00239-003-2511-9. PMID 14738316.
  5. ↑ Yokobori; et al. (2003). "Halocynthia roretzi". Genetics. 153: 1851–62. PMC 1460873Freely accessible. PMID 10581290.
  6. ↑ The Genetic Codes

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 7/30/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.