The Song of the Western Men

Trelawny
English: The Song of the Western Men

Plaque commemorating R. S. Hawker at Charles Church, Plymouth.

Regional anthem of Cornwall


Lyrics Robert Stephen Hawker, 1824
Music Robert Stephen Hawker, 1824
Robert Stephen Hawker

"The Song of the Western Men", also known as "Trelawney", is a Cornish patriotic song, written in its modern form by Robert Stephen Hawker in 1824, but having roots in older folk songs.

Hawker, a churchman, assumed that the Trelawny mentioned in the song was Sir Jonathan Trelawny, the Bishop of Bristol, who had been imprisoned in the Tower of London by King James II in 1688. However it is more likely that it referred to his grandfather, Sir John Trelawny, a Cornish Royalist leader who had been imprisoned by parliament in 1628.[1][2]

According to Cornish historian Robert Morton Nance, "The Song of the Western Men" was possibly inspired by the song "Come, all ye jolly tinner boys" which was written more than ten years earlier in about 1807, when Napoleon Bonaparte made threats that would affect trade in Cornwall at the time of the invasion of Poland. Ye jolly tinner boys contains the line "Why forty thousand Cornish boys shall knawa the reason why."[3]

The song has become one of the unofficial anthems of Cornwall and is a regular favourite sung at Cornish rugby union matches and other Cornish gatherings. In some schools in Cornwall, the children are taught the first verse and chorus, and sing it at events such as Murdoch Day and St Piran's Day.

However, the people of Cornwall did not march to rescue Trelawny, as told in the song. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London for three weeks, then tried and acquitted.[4]

Trelawny Lyrics

"Trelawny"

A good sword and a trusty hand!
A merry heart and true!
King James's men shall understand
What Cornish lads can do!
And have they fixed the where and when?
And shall Trelawny die?
Here's twenty thousand Cornish men
Will know the reason why!


And shall Trelawny live?
Or shall Trelawny die?
Here's twenty thousand Cornish men
Will know the reason why!

Out spake their Captain brave and bold:
A merry wight was he:
Though London Tower were Michael's hold,
We'll set Trelawny free!
'We'll cross the Tamar, land to land:
The Severn is no stay:
With "one and all," and hand in hand;
And who shall bid us nay?


And shall Trelawny live?
Or shall Trelawny die?
Here's twenty thousand Cornish men
Will know the reason why!

And when we come to London Wall,
A pleasant sight to view,
Come forth! come forth! ye cowards all:
Here's men as good as you.
'Trelawny he's in keep and hold;
Trelawny he may die:
Here's twenty thousand Cornish bold
Will know the reason why


And shall Trelawny live?
Or shall Trelawny die?
Here's twenty thousand Cornish men
Will know the reason why!

Translation into Cornish

There are two versions of the song in Cornish. The first was written by Henry Jenner in 1905:

'Ma lel an leuv, 'ma'n kledha mas
'Ma'n golon lowen, gwir!
Tus Mytern Jams 'wra konvedhes
Pandr'yll Kernowyon sur!

Yw ornys le ha prys ankow?
'Verow Trelawny bras?
Mes ugans mil a dus Kernow
A wodhvydh oll an kas.

'Verow Trelawny bras?
'Verow Trelawny bras?
Mes ugens mil a dus Kernow
A wodhvydh oll an kas.

'Medh aga Hapten, krev ha dreus,
Gwas lowen ev a veu,
"A pe Tour Loundres Karrek Loos,
Ni a'n kergh mes a'n le."

"Ni 'dres an Tamar, tir dhe dir,
A pe 'vel Havren down,
Onan hag oll, dhe'n den eus fur;
Dhe'gan lettya 'fedh own."

'Verow Trelawny bras?
'Verow Trelawny bras?
Mes ugens mil a dus Kernow
A wodhvydh oll an kas.

"Pan wrellen dos dhe Fos Loundres,
Dhe wel a bleg dhyn ni;
Ownegyon oll, gwrewgh dos yn-mes
Dhe dus eus gwell eso'hwi!”

"Yn karhar kelmys rag ankow
Mirowgh Trelawny bras!
Mes ugans mil a dus Kernow
A wodhvydh oll an kas."

'Verow Trelawny bras?
'Verow Trelawny bras?
Mes ugens mil a dus Kernow
A wodhvydh oll an kas.

Gans kledha da ha dorn yw lel,
Gwir lowen an golon
Yth aswon Mytern Jamys fel
Pandr'wrello Kernowyon.
Yw ordnys prys ha le ankow?
'Verow Trelawny bras?
Ottomma ugens mil Gernow
A wodhvydh oll an kas.

'Verow Trelawny bras?
'Verow Trelawny bras?
Ottomma ugens mil Gernow
A wodhvydh oll an kas!

Yn-medh an kapten, byw y woos,
Gwas joliv yn mesk kans:
“Tour Loundres kyn fe Karrek Loos
Y’n delirvsen dehwans.
Ni a dres Tamar, tir dhe dir,
An Havren ny’gan lett;
Ha skoodh reb skoodh, kowetha wir,
Piw orthyn ni a sett?

‘Verow Trelawny bras?
‘Verow Trelawny bras?
Ottomma ugens mil Gernow
A wodhvydh oll an kas!

Devedhys bys yn fos Loundres
“Gwel teg dhyn” ni a gri;
“Dewgh mes, ownegyon oll, dewgh mes,
Gwell dus on esowgh hwi!”
Trelawny yw avel felon
Fast yn karharow tynn
Mes ugens mil a Gernowyon
Godhvos an ken a vynn.

‘Verow Trelawny bras?
‘Verow Trelawny bras?
Ottomma ugens mil Gernow
A wodhvydh oll an kas!

Notes

See also

References

  1. "Robert Stephen Hawker: Trelawny". Hawker Society, Angela Williams. Retrieved 27 October 2013.
  2. Piers Brendon, Hawker Of Morwenstow: Portrait of an Eccentric Victorian, Random House, 2011
  3. RootsWeb: CORNISH-L [CON] Trelawney
  4. https://www.cornwalls.co.uk/history/people/john_trelawny.htm
  5. Charles Edward Byles (1904). The Life and Letters of R. S. Hawker (Sometime Vicar of Morwenstow). London: John Lane. p. 30.
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