The North Sea Traffic
The North Sea Traffic (Norwegian: Englandsfarten) is the common name in Norway for the boats going between occupied Norway and United Kingdom during the Second World War. People that went with the boats were usually called "englandsfarere" (people traveling to England). The Shetland bus played a vital part of the voyages to and from Norway, but various other small boats would also take the crossing to escape the German occupation.
The voyages started early spring 1940 and around 3293 persons managed to make their way to United Kingdom during the war and around 300 boats of various sizes, even some rowing boats participated. By decree by the German Reichskommisar Josef Terboven, it was punishable by death after 26 September 1941 to leave occupied Norway without authorization; 51 Norwegian were eventually executed. Another 137 Norwegians died on the North Sea during passage to United Kingdom.
Literature
- Sigurd Evensmo, Englandsfarere (1945) (English: "A Boat for England" (1947))
- David Howarth, The Shetland Bus (1951) (Norwegian: "Nordsjøbussen")
- James W. Irvine, The Waves are Free (1988) (Norwegian: "Men bølgene er jo fri")
- James W. Irvine, The Giving Years (1991)
- James W. Irvine, Final Curtain (2004)
- Kåre Iversen, I Was a Shetland Bus Man (1996), (reprinted 2004 as Shetland Bus Man)
- Erling Jensen & Ragnar Ulstein, Company Linge' (1948)
- John MacRae of Kergord, Kergord House (1982)
- George Mikes, The Epic of Lofoten. London: Hutchinson, [194-]
- James R. Nicolson, Memories of The Shetland Bus (1984)
- James R. Nicolson, The Shetland Bus (1987)
- L. K. Schei & G. Moberg, The Shetland Story (1988)
- Willie Smith, Willie's War and Other Stories, Shetland Times Ltd. (2003) ISBN 978-1-898852-97-1
- Odd Strand, Hitra (1987) (Norwegian)
- Trygve Sørvaag, Shetland Bus: Faces and Places 60 Years On (2002)
- Ragnar Ulstein, Englandsfarten (1965/67) (English: "The North Sea Traffic" (1992))