Tethysaurus
| Tethysaurus Temporal range: Late Cretaceous, 93–89 Ma | |
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| Tethysaurus skeleton | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Family: | †Mosasauridae |
| Subfamily: | †Tethysaurinae |
| Genus: | †Tethysaurus Bardet, Pereda-Suberbiola & Jalil, 2003 |
| Type species | |
| †Tethysaurus nopscai Bardet, Pereda-Suberbiola & Jalil, 2003 | |
Tethysaurus is an extinct genus of tethysaurine mosasauroid from the Early Turonian (Late Cretaceous) period. The only species is Tethysaurus nopscai.
Discovery
The name means "Tethys' lizard of Nopsca", a reference to the Greek goddess of the sea Tethys (also the name of the Tethys Ocean, an ancient sea between southern Europe and northern Africa) and to the Hungarian paleontologist Baron Ferenc Nopsca, who made pioneering studies on Adriatic aquatic squamates. It was found near the villages of Tadirhourst and Asfla in the region of Goulmima, Errachidia Province, in Morocco, with three referred specimens that included a nearly complete articulated skull, mandible, vertebrae and portions of the appendicular skeleton. The diagnosis after Bardet et al. is "(...) prefrontal strongly vaulted in anterior view; parietal exhibits a triangular table ending posteriorly in two pointed pegs overlying the supraoccipital; jugal with a large and wide ascending ramus; medullar floor of the basioccipital pierced by three foramina; splenial with a large notched dorsomedial process; surangular exposed medially ventral to the coronoid; dental formula: 19-20 maxillary, 15-19 pterygoid and at least 19 dentary teeth; large paracotylar and parazygosphenal foramina on vertebrae."[1]
Description
An average-sized mosasaur of 3 m (9.8 ft) length, Tethysaurus displays a number of basal and derived features that led to an initial classification as an intermediate stage between primitive aigialosaurids of the Cenomanian and derived mosasaurids from the Turonian to the Maastrichtian.[2] More recent analysis put Tethysaurus in a clade along Russellosaurus and Yaguarasaurus called the parafamily Russellosaurina, as a basal Turonian clade of Mosasauridae.[3]
Phylogeny
Cladogram based in the analysis by Makádi et al. in 2012:[4]
| Tethysaurinae |
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See also
References
- ↑ Nathalie Bardet, Xabier Pereda Suberbiola, and Nour-Eddine Jalil. A new mosasauroid (Squamata) from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of Morocco. Comptes Rendus Palevol, Volume 2, Issue 8, December 2003, page 611.
- ↑ Nathalie Bardet, Xabier Pereda Suberbiola, and Nour-Eddine Jalil. A new mosasauroid (Squamata) from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of Morocco. Comptes Rendus Palevol, Volume 2, Issue 8, December 2003, Pages 607-616.
- ↑ Polcyn, M. J. and Bell, G. L., Jr. 2005. Russellosaurus coheni n. gen., n. sp., a 92 million-year-old mosasaur from Texas (USA), and the definition of the parafamily Russellosaurina. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 84(3):321-333.
- ↑ Makádi, L. S.; Caldwell, M. W.; Ősi, A. (2012). Butler, Richard J, ed. "The First Freshwater Mosasauroid (Upper Cretaceous, Hungary) and a New Clade of Basal Mosasauroids". PLoS ONE. 7 (12): e51781. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051781.