Statistics of incarcerated African-American males

Researchers have been analyzing statistics on the incarceration in the United States of African-American males as to age, location, causes, and the impact on children. Approximately 12–13% of the American population is African-American, but they make up 35% of jail inmates, and 37% of prison inmates of the 2.2 million male inmates as of 2014 (U.S. Department of Justice, 2014).,[2][3] Census data for 2000 of the number and race of all individuals incarcerated in the United States revealed a wide racial disproportion of the incarcerated population in each state: the proportion of blacks in prison populations exceeded the proportion among state residents in twenty states.

According to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), African Americans constitute nearly 1 million of the total 2.3 million incarcerated population, and have nearly six times the incarceration rate of whites.[4] A 2013 study confirmed that black men were much more likely to be arrested and incarcerated than white men, but also found that this disparity disappeared after accounting for self-reported violence and IQ.[5] An August 2013, Sentencing Project report on Racial Disparities in the United States Criminal Justice System, submitted to the United Nations, found that "one of every three black American males born today can expect to go to prison in his lifetime".[6][7]

Statistics by age group

Incarceration by race and ethnicity

2010. Inmates in adult facilities, by race and ethnicity. Jails, and state and federal prisons.[10]
Race, ethnicity % of US population % of U.S.
incarcerated population
National incarceration rate
(per 100,000 of all ages)
White (non-Hispanic) 64 39 450 per 100,000
Hispanic 16 19 831 per 100,000
Black 13 40 2,306 per 100,000

Prison vs. college

Several studies have concluded that overall, more black males are in prison than are enrolled in colleges and universities. In 2000 there were 791,600 black men in prison and 603,032 enrolled in college versus 1980, when there were 143,000 black men in prison and 463,700 enrolled in college. In 2003, according to Justice Department figures, 193,000 black college-age men were in prison, while 532,000 black college-age men were attending college. On an average day in 1996, more black male high school dropouts aged 20–35 were in custody than in paid employment; by 1999, over one-fifth of black non-college men in their early 30’s had prison records.[11]

Other studies contradict this, see NPR Are There Really More Black Men In Prison Than College?.

According to Antonio Moore in his Huffington Post article, "there are more African American men incarcerated in the U.S. than the total prison populations in India, Argentina, Canada, Lebanon, Japan, Germany, Finland, Israel and England combined." There are only 19 million African American males in the United States, collectively these countries represent over 1.6 billion people.[12]The Black Male Incarceration Problem is Real and Catastrophic - Huffington Post

Black high school dropouts by year

Percentage of Black high school dropouts 16 to 25

Year Percentage
1972 22.3
1980 20.8
1985 16.1
1990 11.9
1995 11.1
1996 13.5
1997 13.3
1998 15.5
1999 12.1
2000 15.3
2001 13.0
2002 12.8
2003 12.5
2004 13.5
2005 12.0
2006 9.7

A new release as September 2012 from Schott Foundation finds only 52% of Black males graduate from high school. From 2001–2002 black males increased and by 10 percent, and 2010–11,was the first year that more than half the black males received a diploma according to Holzman, Michael (2012), Jackson, John H.; Beaudry, Ann, eds., The Urgency of Now: The Schott 50 state report on public education and black males, Schott Foundation for Public Education, retrieved 2014-03-02 .

The leading causes of incarceration for African American males

  1. The leading cause of incarceration of an African American male is a non-violent drug offense. www.drugwarfacts.org/cms/node/64
    1. Between 1985 and 1995 the American prison population of drug offenders increased from 38,900 to 224,900 with African American males at the top (King 166).
  2. Person crimes
  3. Property crimes

See also

References

  1. Prison Inmates at Midyear 2009 - Statistical Tables (NCJ 230113). U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics. The rates are for adult males, and are from Tables 18 and 19 of the PDF file. Rates per 100,000 were converted to percentages.
  2. "Jail Inmates at Midyear 2014." (PDF).
  3. "Prisoners in 2014." (PDF).
  4. "Criminal Justice Fact Sheet". National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, NAACP. Retrieved 2014-04-08.
  5. Beaver, Kevin M.; DeLisi, Matt; Wright, John Paul; Boutwell, Brian B.; Barnes, J.C.; Vaughn, Michael G. (July 2013). "No evidence of racial discrimination in criminal justice processing: Results from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health". Personality and Individual Differences. 55 (1): 29–34. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.01.020.
  6. "Report of The Sentencing Project to the United Nations Human Rights Committee:Regarding Racial Disparities in the United States Criminal Justice System" (PDF). August 2013. Retrieved 2014-04-08.
  7. Knafo, Saki (October 4, 2013). "1 In 3 Black Males Will Go To Prison In Their Lifetime, Report Warns". Huffington Post. Retrieved 2014-04-08.
  8. "JMore than 1 in 100 U.S. adults are in prison".
  9. http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/p14.pdf
  10. Breaking Down Mass Incarceration in the 2010 Census: State-by-State Incarceration Rates by Race/Ethnicity. Briefing by Leah Sakala. May 28, 2014. Prison Policy Initiative. Figures calculated with US Census 2010 SF-1 table P42 and the PCT20 table series.
  11. Western, Bruce (August 2002). "The Impact of Incarceration on Wage Mobility and Inequality" (PDF).
  12. Antonio Moore (February 23, 2015). The Black Male Incarceration Problem Is Real and It's Catastrophic. The Huffington Post. Retrieved February 23, 2015.

Bibliography

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