Simaroubaceae

Simaroubaceae
Ailanthus altissima
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Simaroubaceae
DC.[1]
Genera

See text.

Distribution of the family Simaroubaceae.
Synonyms

Ailanthaceae J.Agardh
Castelaceae J.Agardh
Holacanthaceae Jadin, nom. inval.
Leitneriaceae Benth. & Hook.f., nom. cons.
Simabaceae Horan.
Soulameaceae Endl.[1]

The Simaroubaceae are a small, mostly tropical, family in the order Sapindales. In recent decades, it has been subject to much taxonomic debate, with several small families being split off. A molecular phylogeny of the family was published in 2007, greatly clarifying relationships within the family.[2] Together with chemical characteristics such as the occurrence of petroselinic acid in Picrasma[3] in contrast to other members of the family such as Ailanthus[4] this indicates the existence of a subgroup in the family with Picrasma, Holacantha, and Castela.

The best-known species is the temperate Chinese tree-of-heaven Ailanthus altissima, which has become a cosmopolitan weed tree of urban areas[5] and wildlands.[6]

Well-known genera in the family include the tropical Quassia and Simarouba.

Genera

Excluded genera

References

  1. 1 2 "Family: Simaroubaceae DC., nom. cons.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2003-01-17. Retrieved 2011-04-19.
  2. ↑ Clayton, Joshua W.; Edwino S. Fernando; Pamela S. Soltis; Douglas E. Soltis (2007). "Molecular phylogeny of the tree-of-heaven family (Simaroubaceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear markers". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 168 (9): 1325–1339. doi:10.1086/521796.
  3. ↑ Tsujimoto, M. and Koyanagi, H. (1933) Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 8, 161
  4. ↑ T. Stuhlfauth, H. Fock, H. Huber, K. Klug: The distribution of fatty acids including petroselinic and tariric acids in the fruit and seed oils of the Pittosporaceae, Araliaceae, Umbelliferae, Simarubaceae and Rutaceae. In: Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 13, 1985, S. 447–453, doi:10.1016/0305-1978(85)90091-2.
  5. ↑ http://www.hort.cornell.edu/uhi/research/articles/jeh4(1).pdf
  6. ↑ http://www.jstor.org/stable/3088649?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
  7. ↑ "GRIN Genera of Simaroubaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-04-19.
  8. ↑ "GRIN genera sometimes placed in Simaroubaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-04-19.

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