Sari Gelin

Sari gelin (Azerbaijani: ساری گلین – Sarı gəlin, Armenian: Սարի աղջիկ – Sari aghjik, Turkish: Sarı gelin, Persian: Dāman Kešān – دامن کشان‎‎) is the name for a number of folk songs popular among the people of Iran, the southern Caucasus and eastern Anatolia. All versions of the song use the same melody and are written in Bayati genre;^[1] but sing different lyrics.^[1] The consensus about its country of origin is contested.^[1]

"Sari Gelin" or "Sari Aghjik" is either a blonde tall girl or a girl from the mountains, depending on the respective lyric language. What the versions have in common, is a boy complaining to/about a girl he loves but cannot achieve.^[1]

Etymology

Sarı as a Turkic adjective means "yellow". Thus Sarı Gəlin can mean "golden", "blonde" or "fair-skinned" bride.^[1] In Azerbaijani it may also refer to a person's soul.^[2] Sarı may also be derived from the Armenian word Sari.^[1] The word Gəlin in Azerbaijani and Turkish means someone who comes to the family (i.e. a bride), with its root in the Turkic word Gel (meaning "Come"). It is a common loan word from Ottoman Turkish among the non-Turkic population of the Ottoman Empire, like Armenians and Kurds. In some Armenian versions of the song, the Armenian word Aghjik (Girl) is used instead. Sarı may also be derived from the Armenian word Sarı (սարի), meaning "of the mountain", which is the meaning used in the Armenian versions of the song ("Girl/Bride from the mountains").^[1] In Armenian, the song is known as Sari Aghjik. The Armenian word Sari (սարի), meaning "of the mountain",^[1] while the word "aghjik", with an equal syllable number, meaning "bride" or "girl" and is often pronounced as gyalin.^[3] Together they mean "Girl/Bride from the mountains".^[1]

Versions

All versions of Sari Gelin use the same melody and are written in the literary genre known as Bayati, which is one of the most popular forms of poetry in Azerbaijan and Turkey. Bayati poetry is known for its reflective and introspective prose. Generally, Bayati poetry consists of lines of seven syllables written in a simple rhythm.^[2] However, There are many different lyrical interpretations of Sari Gelin among Armenians, Azerbaijanis, Georgians, Persians, and Turks. The song is a subject of contention and accusations of plagiarism among the countries where it is popular. At the moment, there is no consensus about its country of origin.

In Armenia there are two versions of the song:

Armenian Sari Gyalin

Sari Gyalin (Mountain bride) versions, which uses the Turkic loan word for bride (gelin) such as:^[4]

The clouds pieces pieces, maid of the mountain.

I could not have the one I loved,

Ah, let your mother die (or, 'curse your mother'), maid of the mountain.

There you are white like milk, maid of the mountain.

You look like an opened rose,

Ah, let your mother die, maid of the mountain.

A longer but less common variation is as follows:^[5]

Armenian Sari Aghjik

The melody of "Sari Aghjik" usually features Grammy nominated Armenian musician Djivan Gasparyan.

Sari Aghjik (Mountain girl) versions, which use the same melody with the Armenian word for the girl(aghjik աղջիկ) such as the song Vard Siretsi ("I loved a rose").^[6][7] Thy lyrics^[8] translates to:^[1]

The phrase "Don't pour poison into (salt on) my wound" is an idiom that means "don't make my troubles worse".

Azerbaijani Sarı Gəlin

Alim Gasimov performs the Azerbaijani version of "Sari Gelin" at Eurovision 2012 Baku.^[9]

In Azerbaijan, Sarı Gəlin (Blond Maiden) is a legend that symbolizes the love between a Muslim Azerbaijani and a Christian Kipchak girl who are kept apart.^[10] "seni mene vermezler" (They will not give you to me) is Referring to this story.^[1] lyrics^[11][12] translate to:^[1]

Azerbaijani version of the song was processed^[13] and pitched by Azerbaijani composer Asaf Zeynally (1909–1932).^[14]

The text of the song in Azerbaijani language was published in 1982 in Baku under the edition of Hamid Arasly.^[15] In 2001 the Azerbaijani text of the song was published by Rafik Babayev.^[16]

The Azerbaijani version by the Iranian Hossein Alizadeh and the Armenian Jivan Gasparyan sometimes use the Turkish line "Sarı Gəlin aman!"; and ends with the first paragraph of the Persian version.^[17]

Azerbaijani long version

DayIrMan's CD "Leyla va Deyirman", sings a longer Azerbaijani version,^[18] which translates to:^[19]

Persian Dāman Kešān

The Persian version is entitled Dāman Kešān (دامن کشان) or Sāqi e Mey Xārān (ساقی می خواران).

Turkish Sarı Gelin

Palandöken Mountain in Erzurum Province

city of Erzurum

Sarı Gelin is a popular folk story in Turkey about an impossible love between Turkish man and an Armenian girl from Erzurum. In Turkey, it is often considered to be an Armenian song that originated in Eastern Turkey.^[20][21][22]

Parallels

While the Persian version is completely different, there are notable similarities between Armenian, Azerbaijani and Turkish version:

• The girl is from mountainous regions. The Turkish version boy encounters the girl in Erzurum market and suggests that she is from Palandöken mountain. The Armenian version girl is "sari" (from the mountain). and the Azarbaijani version boy calls the girl "tallest in the valley" and "sheperd".
• The girl is blonde. In Azerbaijani and Turkish versions "Sari" means yellow. in the Azerbaijani version, where the story is about a Muslim boy in love with a Christian girl, It makes sense for "Sari" to mean blond, as it is a notable characteristic among predominantly dark haired people.^[10]
• The girl is tall, as Azerbaijani "uzunu" (the tallest) and Turkish "suna" (male duck. here: tall and beautiful) correspond.^[1]
• The boy says "aman!". The Arabic word "aman" (secure me / help / please) is an exclamation of lasting pain and long distress.^[1] It is used in Azerbaijani "neynim aman, aman" (what do I do? please!), Turkish "Leylim aman" (my Leyli, please!) and Armenian "dle aman" (my heart, please!).
• The boy and the girl are apart as told in Azerbaijani story, Azerbaijani line "seni mene vermezler" (They won't give you to me / let me marry you),^[1] Armenian Sari Gaylin line "I could not have the one I loved". Turkish line "I won't give you [up] to others" and In Armenian Sari Aghjik line "She left and chose someone else".
• The girl is called Leyli in Turkish line "leylim aman aman" (my leyli, please!) and the Armenian Sari Aghjik line "Leyli janin yar" (Leyla dear beloved). but this particular line is a Persian phrase referring to Layla the famous beloved. This can mean:
  • The girl is beloved, as Leyli is the famous object of desire.^[1]
  • The girl's name is Leyli.
  • The girl is insanely loved, but is impossible to get; especially if similarity to Romeo & Juliet is noticed, as widely done by Turks.^[1]
• The boy says "may your grandmother die" in Armenian and Turkish versions. It may be:
  • A curse.^[1]
  • That grandmother might have a real role in parting the lovers.^[1]
• The girl may have been taken away from the boy, and even given to someone else: In the last part of Turkish lyric found in some sources, the boy says "I won't give you [up] to others", and in some of its variations, the girl writes the boy's death sentence. In the Persian version the girl is unkind and flees away. Both Armenian versions, are about the boy complaining that the unkind girl has rejected her. In Armenian Sari Aghjik, the girl has chosen someone else over him.

If the statements are taken as complementary rather than just similar, the Muslim Turk (language of both Azerbaijan and Turkey) boy has fallen in love with a Christian Armenian/Kipchak blond maiden from the mountains and valleys, probably close to Palandöken; But they are kept apart, and the unkind girl is taken away, causing the boy to lament and curse frequently.

Cultural impact

In Armenia

• In 2013 Armenian singer Andre, who represented Armenia at the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 released his version of "Sari Aghjik" (Սարի աղջիկ) and also shot a music video for the song.^[23][24]
• Armenian recording artist Emmy, who was the Armenian representative at the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 also released her own version of the song and shot a music video for it in 2014.^[25][26]

In Azerbaijan

• The story has been retold by the prominent early 20th Century Azerbaijani poet and playwright Huseyn Javid in his play Sheikh Sanan (1914) featuring a Muslim boy and a Christian girl.
• The story has also been adapted into a film directed by Yaver Rzayev called Sari Gelin (1999);^[2][27] which was Azerbaijan's first feature film, shown in 2000 at the London and Karlovy Vary Film Festivals. It is about the country's fight with Armenia. The protagonist, is a boy named Gadir. he has a vision of a bride dressed in yellow, which in both cultures is a symbol of death and the cruelties of fate.^[28]
• There is an Azerbaijani musical ensemble called "Sari Gelin";^[29][30]
• Azerbaijani artist Safura, who was the Azerbaijani representative at the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 released her own version of the song.^[31]
• Latvian artist Anmary, who was the Latvian representative at the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 during her visit in Azerbaijan also released her own version of the song and shot a music video for it in 2012 in Baku.^[32][33][34]
• On 18 December 2013 during the concert of Italian singers, which was held at the Baku Crystal Hall, one of the most popular Italian singers Toto Cutugno sang Sari Gelin in Azerbaijani language.^[35]
• On 23 November 2014 during the concert Lara Fabian, which was held at the Heydar Aliyev Palace, sang Sari Gelin in Azerbaijani language.^[36]
• In 2014 Azerbaijani origin British singer Sami Yusuf has sung and released versions of Sari Gelin in the Azerbaijani and English languages.^[37][38][39]
• In 2014 Azerbaijani dancer Oksana Rasulova presented music video "Sari Gelin".^[40]

In Iran

• The Persian version was performed by Viguen, who was a prominent Iranian pop and jazz singer of Armenian descent.
• The song was featured in 2006 collaboration album Endless Vision by eminent musicians Djivan Gasparyan and Hossein Alizadeh,^[41] which was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Traditional World Music Album at the 49th Grammy Awards.^[42] The album was originally recorded at the Niavaran Palace of Tehran,^[43] and was released through Hermes Records (Iran) and World Village (United States).^[44][45]

In Turkey

• The Turkish multiethnic / multicultural formation Kardeş Türküler recorded it as "Sari Gyalin (Dağlı Gelin)" in their 1997 self-titled album Kardeş Türküler on Kalan Ses Görüntü label.^[46]
• A controversial documentary with the same title as the song (due to it being linked to Armenians in Turkey) was distributed in Turkish schools that shows denial of the Armenian Genocide.^[47] It received several criticism from Armenia.^{[48][49][50][51][52]}

International

• In 2014, British Azerbaijani Muslim singer Sami Yusuf recorded a bilingual version, mainly in English but ending with Azerbaijani lyrics on his 2014 album The Centre released on Andante Records.^[53]

See also

• Suzan Suzi
• Ahcik
• Karadır kaşların ferman yazdırır

References

External links

Media related to Sari Gelin at Wikimedia Commons