Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome

Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome
Location 276 Santa Monica Pier, Santa Monica, California
Coordinates 34°0′36.36″N 118°29′43.45″W / 34.0101000°N 118.4954028°W / 34.0101000; -118.4954028Coordinates: 34°0′36.36″N 118°29′43.45″W / 34.0101000°N 118.4954028°W / 34.0101000; -118.4954028
Area less than one acre
Built 1916[1]
Architect Looff,Charles & Arthur
Architectural style Mixture of Byzantine, Moorish, and Californian
NRHP Reference # 87000766[2]
SMHL # 3
Significant dates
Added to NRHP February 27, 1987[2]
Designated NHL February 27, 1987[3]
Designated SMHL August 17, 1976[1]

The Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome is located on the Newcomb Pier adjacent to the Santa Monica Pier in Santa Monica, California. It was designed and built in 1916 by Charles I. D. Looff and his son Arthur to hold a Looff Carousel. Looff's carousel was housed at the Hippodrome until it was sold in 1939. It was replaced by Philadelphia Toboggan Company Carousel #62, which was moved from the Ocean Park Pier. Since 1977, the carousel has been owned by the city.[4] The building remains a rare example of structures that used to be on the amusement pier. It was restored from 1977 through 1981.[5] It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1987.[3][5]

The Looff Years (1910s-30s)

On June 12, 1916 the Looff Hippodrome opened its doors for the first time.[6] It and its carousel were part of Looff's new amusement park "Pleasure Pier," on a short, wide pier adjacent to the long, narrow Santa Monica Pier.

The Newcomb Years (1940s-60s)

When the war ended (WWII), Walter[7] Newcomb found himself in an enviable position. The amusement business was expected to see a great surge with the return of the country's military personnel and a general feeling of national pride. With the closure of the Venice Pier reducing his competition, he relocated his Venice-based carousel into the old Looff Hippodrome.

Threats, storms, and restoration (1970s-90s)

Over the next several decades the city of Santa Monica proposed various plans to tear down Newcomb Pier, and with it the Hippodrome. The city council approved a plan to replace the pier with a resort island in Santa Monica Bay. Local activists formed Save Santa Monica Bay and shot down that plan,[8] and in 1973 the city formally revoked a standing order to demolish the pier.[9] The city acquired ownership of the pier in summer 1974.[10] In the 1980s it was almost destroyed by winter storms.

In 1983 the city formed a Pier Restoration and Development Task Force (now the Pier Restoration Corporation), tasked with returning the pier to its former glory. In 1989 the Pier Restoration Corporation decided to "make the pier a year-round commercial development with amusement rides, gift shops, nightclubs with live entertainment and restaurants" that would be "reminiscent of its heyday in the 1920s and 1930s".[11] The Hippodrome was restored and the Carousel was rebuilt inside it. The current 2-acre (0.81 ha) Pacific Park opened in 1996 as a full-scale family amusement park.[12]

References

  1. 1 2 "City of Santa Monica Designated Landmarks" (PDF). City of Santa Monica.
  2. 1 2 National Park Service (2010-07-09). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  3. 1 2 "Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved 2007-11-18.
  4. ↑ Carousel History page that is no longer available at santamonicapier.org, but is archived at archive.org.
  5. 1 2 James H. Charleton (November 2, 1984). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Looff's Hippodrome / Santa Monica Amusement Pier Carousel Building" (pdf). National Park Service. and Accompanying 1 photo, from 1985. (397 KB)
  6. ↑ santamonicapier.org
  7. ↑ http://www.westlandtraveler.com/ca/santa_monica/santa_monica_pier/history/
  8. ↑ Holst, Sanford. "Save Santa Monica Pier - 1972". boomerslife.org. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  9. ↑ Beubis, Seymour (May 10, 1973). "S.M. Council Rescinds Order for Removal of Newcomb Pier". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  10. ↑ Fanucchi, Kenneth (July 4, 1974). "S.M. Fences Unsafe Newcomb Pier Areas". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  11. ↑ Moran, Julio (November 21, 1989). "Santa Monica Pier Revival Plan Stirs Excitement". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  12. ↑ "Santa Monica beach park to open in '96". Daily News of Los Angeles. October 7, 1995. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
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