SIRT4

SIRT4
Identifiers
Aliases SIRT4, SIR2L4, sirtuin 4
External IDs MGI: 1922637 HomoloGene: 8164 GeneCards: SIRT4
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez

23409

75387

Ensembl

ENSG00000089163

ENSMUSG00000029524

UniProt

Q9Y6E7

Q8R216

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_012240

NM_001167691
NM_133760

RefSeq (protein)

NP_036372.1

NP_001161163.1
NP_598521.1

Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 120.3 – 120.31 Mb Chr 5: 115.48 – 115.48 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Sirtuin 4, also known as SIRT4, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SIRT4 gene.[3][4]

Function

This gene encodes a member of the sirtuin family of proteins which are homologs of the Sir2 gene in budding yeast. Members of the sirtuin family are characterized by a sirtuin core domain and grouped into four classes. The functions of human sirtuins have not yet been fully determined; however, yeast sirtuin proteins are known to regulate epigenetic gene silencing and suppress recombination of rDNA.[5] Studies suggest that the human sirtuins may function as intracellular regulatory proteins with mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity.[3][5] The protein encoded by this gene is included in class IV of the sirtuin family.[4]

SIRT4 is a mitochondrial ADP-ribosyltransferase that inhibits mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase 1 activity, thereby downregulating insulin secretion in response to amino acids.[6] It has been shown that SIRT4 regulates fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial gene expression in liver and muscle cells.[7]

References

  1. "Human PubMed Reference:".
  2. "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
  3. 1 2 Frye RA (June 1999). "Characterization of five human cDNAs with homology to the yeast SIR2 gene: Sir2-like proteins (sirtuins) metabolize NAD and may have protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 260 (1): 273–9. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.0897. PMID 10381378.
  4. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: Sirtuin 4".
  5. 1 2 Tanny JC, Dowd GJ, Huang J, Hilz H, Moazed D (December 1999). "An enzymatic activity in the yeast Sir2 protein that is essential for gene silencing". Cell. 99 (7): 735–45. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81671-2. PMID 10619427.
  6. Haigis MC, Mostoslavsky R, Haigis KM, Fahie K, Christodoulou DC, Murphy AJ, Valenzuela DM, Yancopoulos GD, Karow M, Blander G, Wolberger C, Prolla TA, Weindruch R, Alt FW, Guarente L (September 2006). "SIRT4 inhibits glutamate dehydrogenase and opposes the effects of calorie restriction in pancreatic beta cells". Cell. 126 (5): 941–54. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.06.057. PMID 16959573.
  7. Nasrin N, Wu X, Fortier E, Feng Y, Bare' OC, Chen S, Ren X, Wu Z, Streeper RS, Bordone L (October 2010). "SIRT4 regulates fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial gene expression in liver and muscle cells. In primary myotubes and hepatocytes, knockdown of SIRT4 results in increased Fatty Acid Oxidation, cellular respiration, and pAMPK levels. SIRT4 inhibition increases fat oxidative capacity in liver and mitochondrial function in muscle, which might provide therapeutic benefits for diseases associated with ectopic lipid storage such as type 2 diabetes.". J. Biol. Chem. 285 (42): 31995–2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110.124164. PMC 2952200Freely accessible. PMID 20685656.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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