PM M1910

Maxim's Machine Gun Model 1910/30
Type	Heavy machine gun
Place of origin	Russian Empire  Soviet Union
Service history
In service	1910–present
Used by	See users
Wars	World War I, Russian Revolution, Russian Civil War, Polish–Soviet War, Finnish Civil War, Spanish Civil War, Winter War, Chinese Civil War, World War II, Second Sino-Japanese War, Korean War, Vietnam War, War in Donbass
Production history
Designed	1909–10[1]
Produced	1910–39 1941–45
Specifications
Weight	64.3 kg (139.6 lbs)
Length	1,067 mm (42 in)
Barrel length	721 mm (28.4 in)
Cartridge	7.62×54mmR
Action	Short recoil, toggle locked
Rate of fire	600 round/min
Muzzle velocity	740 m/s (2,427 ft/s)
Feed system	250-round belt

The PM M1910 (Russian: Пулемёт Максима образца 1910 года, Pulemyot Maxima obraztsa 1910 goda or "Maxim's machine gun model 1910") was a heavy machine gun used by the Imperial Russian Army during World War I and the Red Army during Russian Civil War and World War II. Later, the gun saw service in the Korean War and the Vietnam War, and some have been spotted in the recent War in Donbass.

History

It was adopted in 1910 and was derived from Hiram Maxim's Maxim gun, chambered for the standard Russian 7.62×54mmR rifle cartridge. The M1910 was mounted on a wheeled mount with a gun shield and was replaced in Soviet service by the SG-43 Goryunov, which retained the wheeled and shielded carriage, starting in 1943. However, production of the Maxim did not end until 1945. In addition to the main infantry version, there were aircraft-mounted and naval variants. Some were fitted with a tractor radiator cap fitted on top of the water jacket to allow handfuls of snow to be packed in to melt while firing.

Variants

•  Russian Empire
  • Maxim's machine gun model 1910 on a wheeled Sokolov's mount (Пулемёт Максима обр. 1910 года на колёсном станке А.А. Соколова обр. 1910 года)^[1]
  • Maxim's machine gun model 1910 on a wheeled Kolesnikov's mount (Пулемёт Максима обр. 1910 года на колёсном станке Колесникова обр. 1915 года)^[1]
•  Soviet Union
  • Maxim's machine gun model 1910/30 on a wheeled Vladimirov's mount (Пулемёт Максима образца 1910/30 года на колёсном станке С.В. Владимирова обр. 1931 года)^[1]
  • Maxim-Tokarev
  • PV-1 machine gun
  • ZPU-4 (Зенитная пулемётная установка М-4 образца 1931 года)
•  Finland
  • Maxim M/09-21
  • Maxim M/32-33
• Second Polish Republic
  • Maxim wz. 1910/28

Users

•  Austria-Hungary^[2]
•  Bulgaria
•  Republic of China
•  People's Republic of China
•  Estonia
•  Finland
• Hungary^[2]
• Iran
•  North Korea
• Mongolia
• Second Polish Republic – Maxim wz. 1910 and Maxim wz. 1910/28
•  Republic of Korea
•  Russian Empire / White movement
•  Russian SFSR
• Second Spanish Republic
•  Soviet Union
•  Turkey
•  North Vietnam

See also

• List of Russian Weaponry
• Maxim gun
• Slostin machine gun
• Vickers machine gun

References

1. 1 2 3 4 Семён Федосеев. Столетие легендарного "Максима" // журнал "Мастер-ружьё", № 11 (164), ноябрь 2010. стр.40-46
2. 1 2 Lugosi, József (2008). "Gyalogsági fegyverek 1868–2008". In Lugosi, József; Markó, György. Hazánk dicsőségére: 160 éves a Magyar Honvédség. Budapest: Zrínyi Kiadó. p. 382-383. ISBN 978-963-327-461-3.

Gallery

• 

  Soviet troops receiving instruction on the M1910.

• 

  Soviet Red Army machinegunners with a M1910 in the Battle of Kursk.

• 

  A Red Army tachanka on display. Notice that it is mounted with a PM M1910.

• 

  Quad mounted Maxim guns—the first ZPU.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maxim M1910.

• Soviet Manual Covering Operation and Repair of the 1910 Maxim Gun
• Robert G. Segel (24 February 2012) "The Origin of the Russian “Tractor-Cap” M1910 Maxim", Small Arms Defense Journal, Vol. 4, No. 1
• The Finnish Maxims M09/21 & M32/33