Roridula
| Roridula | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Roridula gorgonias | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Roridulaceae Engl. & Gilg (1924) nom.cons. |
| Genus: | Roridula L. (1764) |
| Species | |
|
see text | |
 | |
| Roridula distribution | |
Roridula (/rɒˈrɪdjʊlə/; from Latin roridus "dewy") is a South African genus of plants restricted to the Cape Provinces.[1] Its distribution is threatened due to the farming of rooibos. While having many of the adaptations of a carnivorous plant, such as the possession of insect-trapping sticky hairs, it does not directly digest the animals it traps. Instead, it has a mutualistic relationship with Pameridea roridulae, a species of capsid bug, which lives on the plant and feeds on the trapped insects. The plant obtains nutrients from the droppings of this symbiotic insect. It is sometimes called protocarnivorous.
A pair of fossilised leaves from Eocene Baltic amber have been attributed to the Roridulaceae. The amber is from sediments dated to 35–47 million years ago. Definite fossils of carnivorous plant traps have never previously been found. Their location in the Baltic suggests that the genus Roridula, although now restricted to South Africa, was much more widespread in the past.[2]
Species
The species are:[3]
- Roridula dentata L.
- Roridula gorgonias Planch.
Formerly included
- Roridula arabica Roem. & Schult. (1818) [=Cleome droserifolia]
- Roridula droserifolia (Delile) Forsk. (1775) [=Cleome droserifolia]
- Roridula tetrandra Vitm. (1790) [=Cleome droserifolia]
References
- ↑ Andrew Millington; Mark Blumler; Udo Schickhoff (2011-09-22). The SAGE Handbook of Biogeography. SAGE Publications. pp. 143–. ISBN 978-1-4462-5445-5. Retrieved 2013-08-07.
The Cape Floristic Region in South Africa is comparatively rich in endemic flowering-plant families. Five families of angiosperms (Penaeaceae, Roridulaceae, Geissolomataceae, Grubbiaceae, and Lanariaceae) are endemic to that region ...
- ↑ Sadowski, E.M., LJ. Seyfullah, F. Sadowski, A. Fleischmann, H. Behling & A.R. Schmidt (2014). "Carnivorous leaves from Baltic amber." PNAS, published online on 1 December 2014. doi:10.1073/pnas.1414777111
- ↑ The Plant List, retrieved 1 October 2016
- Anderson, B (2005). "Adaptations to foliar absorption of faeces: a pathway in plant carnivory". Annals of Botany. 95 (5): 757–761. doi:10.1093/aob/mci082.
- Hewitt-Cooper, N (2012). "The Roridulaceae". Carnivorous Plant Newsletter. 41 (4): 146–150.
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