Reproductive system disease

A reproductive system disease is any disease of the reproductive system.

Types

Infections

Reproductive tract infection (RTI) are infections that affect the reproductive tract, which is part of the Reproductive System. For females, reproductive tract infections can be in either the upper reproductive tract (fallopian tubes, ovary and uterus), and the lower reproductive tract (vagina, cervix and vulva); for males these infections are at the penis, testicles, urethra or the vas deferens. The three types of reproductive tract infections are endogenous infections, iatrogenic infections and the more commonly known sexually transmitted infections.^[1] Each has its own specific causes and symptoms, caused by a bacterium, virus, fungus or other organism. Some infections are easily treatable and can be cured, some are more difficult, and some are non curable such as AIDS and herpes.^[2]

Congenital abnormalities

Examples of congenital abnormalities of the reproductive system include:

• Kallmann syndrome - Genetic disorder causing decreased functioning of the sex hormone-producing glands caused by a deficiency or both testes from the scrotum.
• Androgen insensitivity syndrome - A genetic disorder causing people who are genetically male (i.e. XY chromosome pair) to develop sexually as a female due to an inability to utilize androgen.
• Intersexuality - A person who has genitalia and/or other sexual traits which are not clearly male or female.

Examples of cancers

Examples of cancers of the reproductive system include:

• Prostate cancer - Cancer of the prostate gland
• Breast cancer - Cancer of the mammary gland.
• Ovarian cancer - Cancer of the ovary.
• Penile cancer - Cancer of penis.
• Uterine cancer - Cancer of the uterus.
• Testicular cancer - Cancer of the testicle/(plural:testes).
• Cervical Cancer - Cancer of the cervix.

Examples of functional problems

Examples of functional problems of the reproductive system include:

• Impotence - The inability of a male to produce or maintain an erection.
• Hypogonadism - A lack of function of the gonads, in regards to either hormones or gamete production.
• Ectopic pregnancy - When a fertilized ovum is implanted in any tissue other than the uterine wall.
• Hypoactive sexual desire disorder - A low level of sexual desire and interest.
• Female sexual arousal disorder - A condition of decreased, insufficient, or absent lubrication in females during sexual activity
• Premature ejaculation - A lack of voluntary control over ejaculation.
• Dysmenorrhea - Is a medical condition of pain during menstruation that interferes with daily activities^[3]

Endocrine

It is also known that disruption of the endocrine system by certain chemicals adversely affects the development of the reproductive system and can cause vaginal cancer.^[4] Many other reproductive diseases have also been link to exposure to synthetic and environmental chemicals. Common chemicals with known links to reproductive disorders include: lead, dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, styrene, toluene, BPA (Bisphenol A) and pesticides.^[5]

References

Women's health
Reproductive &Sexual health	Reproductive health Reproductive tract External female genitalia Clitoris Clitoral hood Labia minora Labia majora Vagina Cervix Uterus Fallopian tube Ovary Reproductive system disease Maternal health Pregnancy Unintended pregnancy Gravidity and parity Obstetrics Antenatal care Adolescent pregnancy Complications of pregnancy Hyperemesis gravidarum Ectopic pregnancy Miscarriage Obstetrical bleeding Gestational diabetes Hypertension Preeclampsia Eclampsia Childbirth Midwifery Preterm birth Multiple births Oxytocin Obstructed labor Cesarian section Retained placenta Obstetrical fistulae Vesicovaginal fistula Rectovaginal fistula Postpartum care Maternal deaths Perinatal mortality Stillbirths Abortion Mother-to-child transmission Sterilization Compulsory sterilization Reproductive life plan Infertility Childlessness Assisted reproductive technology In vitro fertilization Parenting Adoption Fostering Contraception & Family planning Unsafe sex Intrauterine devices Oral contraceptives Condoms Contraceptive prevalence Contraceptive security Planned parenthood Menstruation Menarche Menstrual cycle Menstrual aids Tampons Sanitary pads Dysmenorrhea Menorrhagia Amenorrhoea Menopause Hormone replacement therapy Sexual health Sexually transmitted infections HIV Human papilloma virus HPV vaccine Pelvic inflammatory disease Female genital cutting Clitoridectomy Infibulation Child marriage Forced marriage Polygamy Sexual intercourse Orgasm Dyspareunia Other Sex differences Sex education Puberty Breast health Gynaecological disorders Vaginitis
Non-reproductive health	Violence against women Domestic violence Intimate partner violence Misogyny Sexual harassment Sexual assault Rape Femicide Gender discrimination Non-communicable diseases Cancer Lung cancer Breast cancer Uterine cancer Endometrial cancer Cervical cancer Papanicolaou test Ovarian cancer Cardiovascular disease Dementia Alzheimer's disease Bone health Osteoporosis Hip fracture Anaemia Mental health Anxiety Depression Major depressive disorder Urinary tract Urethra Urinary tract infection Urinary incontinence
Sociocultural factors	Poverty Disadvantaged Gender equality Healthcare inequality Gender disparities in health Social determinants of health Reproductive justice Women's empowerment
Politics, Research & Advocacy	United Nations The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women Declaration on the elimination of violence against women International Day of the Girl Child Commission on the Status of Women UN Women United States Office of Research on Women's Health Women's Health Initiative International Center for Research on Women Nurses' Health Study Black Women's Health Study Cartwright Inquiry Society for Women's Health Research
Women's health by country	Women's health in China Women's health in Ethiopia Women's health in India Family planning Birth control in the United States
Category Commons Portal WikiProject