Pupa (gastropod)

Pupa
Apertural view of a shell of Pupa tessellata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Heterobranchia informal group Lower Heterobranchia
Superfamily:	Acteonoidea
Family:	Acteonidae
Genus:	Pupa Bolten, 1798
Type species
Pupa grisebla Röding, 1798
Synonyms[1]
Buccinulus H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 Dactylus Schumacher, 1817 Solidula Fischer von Waldheim, 1807 Strigopupa Habe, 1958

Pupa is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Acteonidae. ^[1]

The genus is named Pupa because the shell of these snails resemble an insect pupa in overall shape. The animal has a large headshield with a deep median slit, separating it into two posteriorly projecting lobes.

Species

A shell of Pupa affinis

According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), the following species are included within the genus Pupa:^[2]

• Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1854)
  • Distribution : South Africa, Red Sea, Indo-Pacific
  • Length : 11-20 mm
  • Description : cream-colored shell with horizontal spiraled patterns (dark brown, light brown or greenish) without dark borders; sharp apex
• Pupa alveola (Souverbie, 1863)
• Pupa coccinata L. A. Reeve, 1842 (considered by some to be a color form of Pupa strigosa)
  • Distribution : Japan, tropical Indo-West Pacific
  • Length : 25 mm
  • Description : headshield flaps cover the opening of the mantle cavity; white-colored with many orange-red spots in spiraling bands
• Pupa davisi Kilburn, 1975
  • Distribution: South Africa
  • Length : 12.5 mm
  • Description : cream-colored shell with sharp apex.
• Pupa niecaensis Barnard, 1963
• Pupa nitulida (Lamarck, 1816) Smooth pink pupa
• Pupa pascuana Raines, 2002
• Pupa pudica (A. Adams, 1854)
• † Pupa reticulata (Martin, 1884)
• Pupa sekii Habe, 1958
• Pupa sinica Lin, 1989
• Pupa solidula Linnaeus, 1758 Solid pupa
• Pupa strigosa (Gould, 1859)
• Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791) Furrowed pupa
  • Distribution : cosmopolitan, tropical Indo-Pacific, Kermadec Islands, Japan
  • Length : 10-25 mm
  • Description : intertidal and up to depths of 30 m, burrowing in the sand; lightbrown shell with horizontal darker bands, where the darkest parts form a vertical band; sharp apex
• Pupa suturalis (A. Adams, 1854)
• Pupa tessellata (Reeve, 1842)
• Pupa tragulata Iredale, 1936

Species brought into synonymy

• Pupa choshiensis (Habe, 1958): synonym of Rictaxiella choshiensis Habe, 1958
• Pupa flammea (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Maxacteon flammeus (Bruguière, 1789)
• Pupa grisebla Röding, 1798: synonym of Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Pupa kirki (Hutton, 1873): synonym of Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855)
• Pupa nivea (Angas, 1871) synonym of Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855)
• Pupa novoseelandica L. Pfeiffer, 1853: synonym of Phenacharopa novoseelandica (L. Pfeiffer, 1853)
• Pupa roseomaculata Iredale, 1936: synonym of Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Pupa umbilicata Draparnaud, 1801: synonym of Lauria cylindracea (da Costa, 1778)

The database Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database (OBIS) also includes the following names in current use : ^[3]

• Pupa acuta
• Pupa alba (Hutton, 1873)
• Pupa cinerea
• Pupa fraterculus
• Pupa insculpta
• Pupa pusilla
• Pupa strigosa
• Pupa thaanumi Pilsbry, 1917

• Pupa alveola Souverbie, 1863
  • Distribution : Indo-Pacific
• Pupa choshiensis T. Habe, 1958
  • Distribution : Japan
• Pupa cinerea R. B. Watson, 1886
  • Distribution : Japan
• Pupa clathrata Yokoyama, 1922
  • Distribution : Japan

Pupa fumata

• Pupa fumata Gould, 1859 Brown Pupa
  • Distribution : tropical, Western Australia, Indo-Pacific
  • Length : 20 mm
  • Description : shell with spiral ribs; patterns of brown or gray spots on a cream-colored background; whorls separated by a white narrow band.
• Pupa niecaensis K. H. Barnard, 1963
  • Distribution : South Africa
• Pupa pudica Adams, 1854
  • Distribution : Hawaii
  • Length : 7 mm
  • Description : pink-colored elongate shell, with spiral bands of lightbrown patterns.
• Pupa suturalis A. Adams, 1855
  • Distribution : Indo-Pacific

References

• Röding, P.F. 1798. Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturae quae olim collegerat Joa. Hamburg : Trappii 199 pp.
• Higo, S., Callomon, P. & Goto, Y. (1999) Catalogue and Bibliography of the Marine Shell-Bearing Mollusca of Japan. Elle Scientific Publications, Yao, Japan, 749 pp.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pupa (genus).

• Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1
• Photo
• Nomenclator Zoologicus info