Pontiac Firebird

Pontiac Firebird
Overview
Manufacturer	Pontiac (General Motors)
Production	1967–2002
Body and chassis
Class	Pony car, Muscle car
Layout	FR layout
Platform	F-body
Related	Chevrolet Camaro

The Pontiac Firebird is an American automobile that was built by Pontiac from the 1967 to the 2002 model years. The Firebird was introduced 23 February 1967, the same model year as the automaker's platform-sharing model, the Chevrolet Camaro.^[1] This coincided with the release of the 1967 Mercury Cougar,^[2] which shared its platform with another pony car, the Ford Mustang.^[3]

The name "Firebird" was also previously used by Pontiac's parent company General Motors for the General Motors Firebird 1950s and early-1960s concept cars.

First generation (1967–1969)

First generation
Overview
Production	1967–1969
Assembly	Lordstown, Ohio, United States (1967–1969) Van Nuys, California, United States (1968–1969) Norwood, Ohio, United States (1969)
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door coupe 2-door convertible
Layout	FR layout
Platform	F-body
Related	Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)
Powertrain
Engine	230 cu in (3.8 L) Pontiac SOHC I6 250 cu in (4.1 L) Pontiac SOHC I6 326 cu in (5.3 L) Pontiac V8 350 cu in (5.7 L) Pontiac V8 400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac V8
Transmission	2-speed Powerglide automatic 3-speed Turbo-Hydramatic automatic 3-speed manual 4-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	108.1 in (2,746 mm) (1967)
Length	188.8 in (4,796 mm) (1967)
Width	72.6 in (1,844 mm) (1967)
Height	51.5 in (1,308 mm) (1967)[4]

The first generation Firebirds had a characteristic Coke bottle styling. Unlike its cousin the Chevrolet Camaro, the Firebird's bumpers were integrated into the design of the front end.^[5] The Firebird's rear "slit" taillights were inspired by the Pontiac GTO. Both a two-door hardtop and a convertible were offered through the 1969 model year. Originally, the car was a "consolation prize" for Pontiac, who had wished to produce a two-seat sports car of its own design, based on the original Banshee concept car. However, GM feared such a vehicle would directly compete with Chevrolet's Corvette, and the decision was made to give Pontiac a piece of the pony car market by having them share the F-body platform with Chevrolet.

The 1967 base model Firebird came equipped with the Chevrolet 230 cu in (3.8 L) SOHC inline-6, and a single-barrel carburetor, rated at 165 hp (123 kW).^[1] The next model, the Sprint, also had the Chevy inline-6 but with a four-barrel carburetor, developing 215 hp (160 kW).^[6] Most buyers opted for one of the V8 engines: the 326 cu in (5.3 L) with a two-barrel carburetor producing 250 hp (190 kW); the "H.O." (High Output) engine of the same displacement, but with a four-barrel carburetor and producing 285 hp (213 kW); or the 400 cu in (6.6 L) from the GTO with 325 hp (242 kW). All 1967–1968 400 CI engines had throttle restrictors installed that blocked the carburetor's second barrel from opening all the way.^[1] A "Ram Air" option was also available, providing functional hood scoops, higher flow heads with stronger valve springs, and a different camshaft. Power for the Ram Air package was the same as the conventional 400 H.O., but the engine peaked at a higher, 5,200RPMs.

The 230 CID engines were subsequently replaced in 1968 by the Chevrolet 250 cu in (4.1 L) stroked 230 CI engines, the first developing an increased 175 hp (130 kW) using a single-barrel carburetor, and the other the same 215hp with a four-barrel carburetor. Also for the 1968 model, the 326 CID engine was replaced by the Pontiac 350 cu in (5.7 L) V-8, which actually displaced 355 cu in (5.8 L), and produced 265 hp (198 kW) with a two-barrel carburetor. An "H.O." version of the 350 CID with a revised cam was also offered starting in that year, which developed 320 hp (240 kW). Power output of the other engines was increased marginally.^[1]

There was an additional Ram Air IV option for the 400 CID engine during 1969, complementing the Ram Air III; these generated 345 and 335 hp (257 and 250 kW) respectively. The 350 CID "H.O." engine was revised again with a different cam and cylinder heads resulting in 325 hp (242 kW). During 1969 a special 303 cu in (5.0 L) engine was designed for SCCA road racing applications that was not available in production cars.^[7]

The styling difference from the 1967 to the 1968 model was the addition of Federally-mandated side marker lights: for the front of the car, the turn signals were made larger and extended to wrap around the front edges of the car, and on the rear, the Pontiac (V-shaped) Arrowhead logo was added to each side. The front door vent-windows were replaced with a single pane of glass and Astro Ventilation, a fresh-air-inlet system. The 1969 model received a major facelift with a new front end design but unlike its big brother the GTO, it did not have the Endura bumper. The instrument panel and steering wheel were revised. The ignition switch was moved from the dashboard to the steering column with the introduction of GM's new locking ignition switch/steering wheel.^[1]

In March 1969, a $725 optional handling package called the "Trans Am Performance and Appearance Package", UPC "WS4", named after the Trans Am Series, was introduced. Of these first "Trans Ams", only 689 hardtops and eight convertibles were made.^[1]

Due to engineering problems that delayed the introduction of the all-new 1970 Firebird beyond the usual fall debut, Pontiac continued production of 1969 model Firebirds into the early months of the 1970 model year (the other 1970 Pontiac models had been introduced on September 18, 1969). By late spring of 1969, Pontiac had deleted all model-year references on Firebird literature and promotional materials, anticipating the extended production run of the then-current 1969 models.

Production totals^[1]

Model	1967	1968	1969
2 door coupe 6-cylinder	17,664
2 door coupe		90,152	75,362
2 door convertible 8-cylinder	64,896
2 door convertible		16,960	11,649
2 door coupe Trans Am			689
2 door convertible Trans Am			8
Total	88,560	107,112	87,708

Engines

1967	Std 230 cu in (3.8 L) Pontiac SOHC I6 165 hp (123 kW)	W53 "Sprint" 230 CID Pontiac SOHC I6 215 hp (160 kW)	L30 326 cu in (5.3 L) Pontiac V8 250 hp (190 kW)	L76 326 CID Pontiac "H.O." V8 285 hp (213 kW)	W66 400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac V8 325 hp (242 kW)	L67 400 CID Pontiac Ram Air V8 325hp
1968	Std 250 cu in (4.1 L) Pontiac SOHC I6 175 hp (130 kW)	W53 "Sprint" 250CID Pontiac SOHC I6 215hp	L30 350 cu in (5.7 L) Pontiac V8 265 hp (198 kW)	L76 350 CID Pontiac "H.O." V8 320 hp (240 kW)	W66 400 CID Pontiac V8 330 hp (250 kW)	L67 400 CID Pontiac Ram Air V8 335 hp (250 kW)	L74 400 CID Pontiac "H.O." V8 335hp	L67 400 CID Pontiac Ram Air II V8 340 hp (250 kW)[a 1]
1969	Std 250 CID Pontiac SOHC I6 175hp	W53 "Sprint" 250 CID Pontiac SOHC I6 230 hp (170 kW)	L30 350 CID Pontiac V8 265hp	L76 350 CID Pontiac "H.O." V8 325hp	W66 400 CID Pontiac V8 330hp	L74 400 CID Pontiac "H.O." Ram Air III V8 335hp	L67 400 CID Pontiac Ram Air IV V8 345 hp (257 kW)

^[1]

• 
  1967 Pontiac Firebird 400 Convertible
• 
  1968 Pontiac Firebird convertible 400 Ram Air with the optional "hood tach"
• 
  1969 Pontiac Firebird Trans Am

Second generation (1970–1981)

Second generation
1974 Firebird
Overview
Production	1970–1981
Assembly	Van Nuys, California, United States (1970–1971, 1978–1981) Norwood, Ohio, United States (1970–1981)
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door coupe
Layout	FR layout
Platform	F-body
Related	Chevrolet Camaro (second generation)
Powertrain
Engine	231 cu in (3.8 L) Buick V6 250 cu in (4.1 L) Chevrolet I6 265 cu in (4.3 L) Pontiac V8 301 cu in (4.9 L) Pontiac V8 301 cu in (4.9 L) Pontiac turbo V8 305 cu in (5.0 L) Chevrolet LG3 V8 305 cu in (5.0 L) Chevrolet LG4 V8 350 cu in (5.7 L) Buick V8 350 cu in (5.7 L) Oldsmobile V8 350 cu in (5.7 L) Chevrolet V8 350 cu in (5.7 L) Pontiac V8 400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac V8 403 cu in (6.6 L) Oldsmobile V8 455 cu in (7.5 L) Pontiac V8
Transmission	3-speed manual 4-speed manual 2-speed automatic 3-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	108.2 in (2,748 mm) (1978)[8]
Length	196.8 in (4,999 mm) (1978)
Width	73.4 in (1,864 mm) (1978)
Height	49.3 in (1,252 mm) (1978)

The second generation debut for the 1970 model year was delayed until February 26, 1970, because of tooling and engineering problems; thus, its popular designation as a 1970½ model, while leftover 1969s were listed in early Pontiac literature without a model-year identification.^[9] This generation of Firebirds were available in coupe form only; convertibles disappeared until 1991 after the 1969 model year.

Models

• Firebird Base
• Firebird Esprit
• Firebird Formula
• Firebird Trans-Am

Special versions and appearance packages

• Formula Appearance Package "W50" (1976–1981)^[1]
• Black-and-Gold Trans Am Pontiac 50th Anniversary Limited Edition (1976)^[1]
• Black-and-Gold Trans Am Special Edition (1977–1978, 1980–1981)^[1]
• Sky Bird Esprit Appearance Package "W60" (1977–1978)^[1]
• Gold Trans Am Special Edition "Y88" (1978)^[1]
• Red Bird Esprit Appearance Package "W68" (1978–1979)^[1]
• Black Trans Am Special Edition "Y84" (1979)^[1]
• Trans Am 10th Anniversary Edition (1979)^[1]
• Yellow Bird Esprit Appearance Package "W73" (1980)^[1]
• Trans Am Turbo Indy Pace Car Edition (1980)^[1]
• Trans Am Turbo NASCAR Pace Car Edition (1981)^[10]
• Macho Trans-Am (Package offered only by the dealership Mecham Pontiac in Glendale, AZ).^[11]

Replacing the "Coke bottle" styling was a more "swoopy" body style, while still retaining some traditional elements. The top of the rear window line going almost straight down to the lip of the trunk lid, a look that was to epitomize F-body styling for the longest period during the Firebird's lifetime. The new design was initially characterized with a large C-pillar, until 1975 when the rear window was enlarged.

1970

There were two Ram Air 400 cu in (6.6 L) engines for 1970: the 335 hp (250 kW) L74 Ram Air III (366 hp (273 kW) in GTO) and the 345 hp (257 kW) LS1 Ram Air IV (370 hp (280 kW) in GTO) that were carried over from 1969. The difference between the GTO and Firebird engines was that the secondary carburetor's throttle linkage had a restrictor which prevented the rear barrels from opening completely,^[1] adjusting the linkage could allow full carburetor operation resulting in identical engine performance.

For the 1970 and 1971 model years, all Firebirds equipped with radios had the antennas mounted "in-glass" in the windshield.^[1]

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base 6-cylinder	3,184
2 door base 8-cylinder	15,740
2 door Esprit 8-cylinder	18,961
2 door Formula 400 8-cylinder	7,708
2 door Trans Am Ram Air III 8-cylinder	3,108
2 door Trans Am Ram Air IV 8-cylinder	88
Total	48,739

1971

The Pontiac 455 cu in (7.5 L) engine first became available in the second generation Firebird in 1971. The 455 engine was available in the L75 325 hp (242 kW) version and the LS5 335 hp "HO" version, which was the standard, and only engine option, for the Trans Am. The "HO" engine also included Ram Air IV.^[1]

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base 6-cylinder	2,975
2 door base 8-cylinder	20,047
2 door Esprit 8-cylinder	20,185
2 door Formula 400 8-cylinder	7,802
2 door Trans Am Ram 8-cylinder	2,116
Total	53,125

1972

During a 1972 strike, the Firebird (and the sister F-body Camaro) were nearly dropped.^[12]

Again the 455HO was the only engine available for the Trans Am.^[1]

Starting in 1972, and continuing until 1977, the Firebird was only produced at the Norwood, Ohio, facility.^[1]

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base	12,001
2 door Esprit	11,415
2 door Formula	5,249
2 door Trans Am	1,286
Total	29,951

1973

Actual production cars yielded 1/4 mile results in the high 14 to 15.0 second/98 MPH range (sources: MOTOR TREND MAGAZINE, July '73 and Roger Huntington's book, AMERICAN SUPERCAR) – results that are consistent with a 3,850 pound car (plus driver) and the rated 290 SAE net horsepower figure. (An original rating of 310 SAE net horsepower had been assigned to the SD455, though that rating was based on the emissions non-compliant "pre-production" engines, as discussed above. That rating appeared in published 1973 model year Pontiac literature, which had been printed prior to the "pre-production" engines "barely passing*" emissions testing, and the last minute switch to what became the production engine. 1974 model year production literature listed the specifications of the production engine (290 SAE net horsepower).

In 1973 and 1974, a special version of the 455, called the Super Duty 455 (SD-455), was offered. The SD-455 consisted of a strengthened cylinder block that included 4-bolt main bearings and added material in various locations for improved strength. Original plans called for a forged crankshaft, although actual production SD455s received nodular iron crankshafts with minor enhancements. Forged rods and forged aluminum pistons were specified, as were unique high-flow cylinder heads.

A production line stock SD455 produced 253 rear wheel HP on a chassis dyno, as reported by HIGH PERFORMANCE PONTIAC magazine (January, 2007). This is also consistent with the 290 SAE Net horsepower factory rating (as measured at the crankshaft). Skip McCully verified that no production SD455s released to the public were fitted with the 480737 cam.* When asked about the compromises for the production SD455 engine, Mr. McCully responded, "Compression, camshaft, jetting, and vacuum advance." He followed by stating that he would have preferred a compression ratio of 10.25:1, a camshaft with 041 valve timing, slightly richer carburetor jetting, and as much vacuum advance as the engine would tolerate.* (*May, 2005 issue of HIGH PERFORMANCE PONTIAC Magazine). Regrettably, that proved to be impossible due to the emissions regulations of the era.^[13]

The 480737 code cam (identical grind to the RAIV "041" cam) was originally specified for the SD455 engine and was fitted into the "pre-production" test cars (source: former Pontiac Special Projects Engineer Skip McCully*), one of which was tested by both HOT ROD and CAR AND DRIVER magazines. However, actual production cars were fitted with the milder 493323 cam and 1.5:1 rocker ratios, due to the ever-tightening emissions standards of the era. This cam and rocker combination, combined with a low compression ratio of 8.4:1 advertised (7.9:1 actual) yielded 290 SAE net horsepower. It should also be noted that production SD455 cars did not have functional hood scoops, while the "pre-production" test cars did.*

Pontiac offered the 455 through the 1976 model year, but tightening restrictions on vehicle emissions guaranteed its demise. Thus, the 1976 Trans Am was the last of the "Big Cube Birds," with only 7,100 units produced with the 455 engine.

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base 6- & 8-cylinder	14,096
2 door Esprit 8-cylinder	17,249
2 door Formula 8-cylinder	10,123
2 door Formula SD 455 8-cylinder	43
2 door Trans Am 8-cylinder	4,550
2 door Trans Am SD 455 8-cylinder	252
Total	46,313

1974

Curb weights rose dramatically in the 1974 model year due to the implementation of 5 mph (8.0 km/h) telescoping bumpers and various other crash and safety related structural enhancements; SD455 Trans Ams weighed in at 3,850 lb (1,750 kg) in their first year of production (1974 model year; actually '73).

The 1974 models featured a redesigned "shovel-nose" front end and new wide "slotted" taillights. In 1974, Pontiac offered two base engines for the Firebird: a 100 hp (75 kW) 250 cu in (4.1 L) inline-6 and a 155 hp (116 kW) 350 cu in (5.7 L) V8. Available were 175 to 225 hp (130 to 168 kW) 400 cu in (6.6 L) V8 engines, as well as the 455 cu in (7.5 L) produced 215 or 250 hp (160 or 186 kW), while the SD-455 produced 290 hp (220 kW). The 400, 455, and SD-455 engines were offered in the Trans Am and Formula models during 1974

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base 6-cylinder	7,603
2 door base 8-cylinder	18,769
2 door Esprit 8-cylinder	22,583
2 door Formula 8-cylinder	14,461
2 door Formula SD 455 8-cylinder	58
2 door Trans Am w/400ci 8-cylinder	4,664
2 door Trans Am w/455ci 8-cylinder	4,648
2 door Trans Am SD 455 8-cylinder	943
Total	73,729

1975

The 1975 models featured a new wraparound rear window with a revised roofline and the turn signals were moved up from the valance panel to the grills which distinguished it from the previous year model. The Super Duty engine, Muncie 4-speed, and TurboHydramatic 400 automatic were no longer available in 1975. Due to the use of catalytic converters starting in 1975, the THM 400 would not fit alongside the catalytic converter underneath the vehicle. The smaller TurboHydramatic 350 automatic was deemed enough. The 400 was standard in the Trans Am and the 455 was optional for both 1975 and 1976 models.

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base 6- & 8-cylinder	22,293
2 door Esprit 6- & 8-cylinder	20,826
2 door Formula 8-cylinder	13,670
2 door Trans Am w/400ci 8-cylinder	26,417
2 door Trans Am w/455ci 8-cylinder	857
Total	84,063

1976

In 1976, Pontiac celebrated their 50th Anniversary, and a special edition of the Trans Am was released. Painted in black with gold accents, this was the first anniversary Trans Am package and the first production Black and Gold special edition.

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base 6- & 8-cylinder	21,206
2 door Esprit 6- & 8-cylinder	22,252
2 door Formula 8-cylinder	20,613
2 door Trans Am w/400ci 8-cylinder	37,015
2 door Trans Am w/455ci 8-cylinder	7,099
2 door Trans Am w/400ci 8-cylinder Limited Edition	1,628
2 door Trans Am w/455ci 8-cylinder Limited Edition	319
2 door Trans Am w/400ci 8-cylinder Limited Edition w/T-tops	533
2 door Trans Am w/455ci 8-cylinder Limited Edition w/T-tops	110
Total	110,775

1977

A distinctive, slant-nose facelift occurred in 1977. There is a way to tell an early 1977 built car as there was a production change in the hood scoop. Early cars were supplied with an off centered scoop. Furthermore, early W72 cars came with the standard 180 hp air cleaner. Pontiac offered the T/A 6.6 Litre 400 (RPO W72) rated at 200 hp (150 kW), as opposed to the regular 6.6 Litre 400 (RPO L78) rated at 180 hp (130 kW). The T/A 6.6 equipped engines had chrome valve covers, while the base 400 engines had painted valve covers. In addition, California and high-altitude cars received the Olds 403 engine, which offered a slightly higher compression ratio and a more usable torque band than the Pontiac engines of 1977.

From 1977 to 1981, the Firebird used four square headlamps, while the Camaro continued to retain the two round headlights that had been shared by both Second Generation designs. The 1977 Trans-Am Special Edition became famous after being featured in Smokey and the Bandit. The 1980 Turbo model was used for Smokey and the Bandit II.

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base 6- & 8-cylinder	30,642
2 door Esprit 6- & 8-cylinder	34,548
2 door Formula 8-cylinder	21,801
2 door Trans Am w/400ci L78 8-cylinder	29,313
2 door Trans Am w/400ci W72 8-cylinder	18,785
2 door Trans Am w/403ci L80 8-cylinder	5,079
2 door Trans Am w/400ci L78 8-cylinder Special Edition	748
2 door Trans Am w/400ci W72 8-cylinder Special Edition	933
2 door Trans Am w/403ci L80 8-cylinder Special Edition	180
2 door Trans Am w/400ci L78 8-cylinder Special Edition w/T-tops	6,030
2 door Trans Am w/400ci W72 8-cylinder Special Edition w/T-tops	6,459
2 door Trans Am w/403ci L80 8-cylinder Special Edition w/T-tops	1,217
Total	155,735

1978

Changes for 1978 were slight, with a switch from a honeycomb to a crosshatch pattern grille being the most obvious from the outside.^[14] Beginning in 1978, the Pontiac group introduced a new special edition vehicle. The Firebird Formula LT Sport Edition which featured a revised 10% raised compression Chevy 305 V8 powertrain producing 155 hp (same as 1977 Chevy Monza Mirage) combined with a floor center console 4 speed Manual T-10 BW Transmission coupled to a limited-slip differential final drive. The Limited Touring package (LT) also included a cabin roof, door, fender and hood graphics scheme, the Trans-Am sports handling package with HD gas shocks, Modular Alloy Wheels and the SE Trans-Am rear deck Spoiler with "Formula" word graphic detail.

The engineers also revised the compression ratio in the 400ci through the installation of different cylinder heads with smaller combustion chambers (1977 Pontiac 400 engines also had the 350 heads bolted to the 400 blocks, these heads were known as the 6x-4 heads and were taken from the Pontiac 350). This increased power by 10% for a total of 220 during the 1978–79 model years. The 400/403 options remained available until 1979, when the 400 CID engines were only available in the 4-speed transmission Trans Ams and Formulas (the engines had actually been stockpiled from 1978, when PMD had cut production of the engine).

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base 6- & 8-cylinder	32,671
2 door Esprit 6- & 8-cylinder	36,926
2 door Formula 8-cylinder	24,346
2 door Trans Am w/400ci L78 8-cylinder	63,812
2 door Trans Am w/400ci W72 8-cylinder	8,251
2 door Trans Am w/403ci L80 8-cylinder	8,969
2 door Trans Am w/400ci L78 8-cylinder Black Special Edition	3,433
2 door Trans Am w/403ci L80 8-cylinder Black Special Edition	210
2 door Trans Am w/400ci L78 8-cylinder Gold Special Edition	7,796
2 door Trans Am w/403ci L80 8-cylinder Gold Special Edition	880
Total	187,294

1979

The front end was restyled in 1979. It also marked the 10th Anniversary of the Trans Am, and a special anniversary package was made available: silver paint with gray upper paint accents and a silver leather interior. The 10th Anniversary cars also featured a special Firebird hood decal, which extended off of the hood and onto the front fenders. Pontiac produced 7,500 10th Anniversary cars, of which 1,817 were equipped with the Pontiac 400 engine (and coupled with the four-speed Borg Warner Super T-10 transmission). The only option on these cars was the engine (the 400 was not certified for California, nor was cruise control available with it), which dictated the transmission and the gear ratio (3.23 on the 400 cars, 2.73 on the 403 cars). In 1979 Pontiac sold 116,535 Trans Ams, the highest sold in a year.

Up until the 1979 models, the performance of 400-equipped Firebirds could still be brought up to near pre-1970 levels by removing the catalytic converter and opening up the block off plate to make the hood scoop functional. Static compression ratios dropped in the early 70s which crippled horsepower and torque output.

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base 6- & 8-cylinder	38,642
2 door Esprit 6- & 8-cylinder	30,853
2 door Formula 8-cylinder	24,850
2 door Trans Am w/301ci 8-cylinder	8,605
2 door Trans Am w/400ci 8-cylinder	2,485
2 door Trans Am w/403ci 8-cylinder	48,488
2 door Trans Am w/301ci 8-cylinder w/T-tops	4,831
2 door Trans Am w/400ci 8-cylinder w/T-tops	2,917
2 door Trans Am w/403ci 8-cylinder w/T-tops	30,728
2 door Trans Am w/301ci 8-cylinder Special Edition w/T-tops	573
2 door Trans Am w/400ci 8-cylinder Special Edition w/T-tops	1,107
2 door Trans Am w/403ci 8-cylinder Special Edition w/T-tops	9,874
2 door Trans Am w/400ci 8-cylinder 10th Anniversary Edition	1,817
2 door Trans Am w/403ci 8-cylinder 10th Anniversary Edition	5,683
Total	211,453

1980

In 1980, due to ever-increasing emissions restrictions, Pontiac dropped all of its large displacement engines.^[15] 1980 therefore saw the biggest engine changes for the Trans Am. The 301, offered in 1979 as a credit option, was now the standard engine. Options included a turbocharged 301 or the Chevrolet 305 small block.

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base 6- & 8-cylinder	29,811
2 door Esprit 6- & 8-cylinder	17,277
2 door Formula 8-cylinder	9,356
2 door Trans Am w/4.9L 8-cylinder	25,714
2 door Trans Am w/4.9L Turbo 8-cylinder	16,476
2 door Trans Am w/5.0L 8-cylinder	3,006
2 door Trans Am Turbo Indy Pace Car 8-cylinder	5,700
Total	107,340

1981

In the final year of the Second Generation Firebirds (1981), Trans Am still used the same engines as it had in the previous model year, with the only change being the addition of a new electronic carburetion system.

The assembly plant code for Norwood, OH is "N" (from 1972 to 1980 this would be the 5th VIN digit, for 1981 it is the 11th digit), and for Van Nuys, CA it is "L" (for Los Angeles, of which Van Nuys, Los Angeles is a district). In the later second-generation cars, Norwood used lacquer-based paint (there will be an "L" on the cowl tag), and Van Nuys used water-based paint (there will be a "W" on the cowl tag), due to California's tightening pollution regulations. The water-based paint often failed and delaminated during the warranty period and subsequently; cars had to be repainted.

Production totals^[1]

Model	#
2 door base 6- & 8-cylinder	20,541
2 door Esprit 6- & 8-cylinder	10,938
2 door Formula 8-cylinder	5,927
2 door Trans Am w/4.9L E/C 8-cylinder	10,877
2 door Trans Am w/4.9L Turbo 8-cylinder	13,578
2 door Trans Am w/5.0L 8-cylinder	7,038
2 door Trans Am NASCAR Turbo Pace Car 8-cylinder	2,000
Total	70,899

Engines

1970	Std 250 cu in (4.1 L) Chevrolet I6 155 hp (116 kW)	Esprit std 350 cu in (5.7 L) Pontiac V8 255 hp (190 kW)	346 400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac V8 265 hp (198 kW)	L78 400 CID Pontiac V8 330 hp (250 kW)	L74 400 CID Pontiac Ram Air III V8 345 hp (257 kW)	400 CID Pontiac Ram Air IV V8 370 hp (280 kW)	L74 (T/A std) 400 CID Pontiac Ram Air IV V8 335 hp (250 kW)	LS1 400 CID Pontiac Ram Air IV V8 345 hp
1971	Std 250 CID Chevrolet I6 155 hp (bhp)[a 2] 110 hp (82 kW) (whp)	L30 350 CID Pontiac V8 250 hp (190 kW) (bhp) 165 hp (123 kW) (whp)	L65 400 CID Pontiac V8 265 hp (bhp) 180 hp (130 kW) (whp)	L78 400 CID Pontiac V8 300 hp (220 kW) (bhp) 250 hp (190 kW) (whp)	L75 455 cu in (7.5 L) Pontiac V8 325 hp (242 kW) (bhp) 255 hp (whp)	LS5 455 CID Pontiac "H.O." Ram Air IV V8 335 hp (bhp) 305 hp (227 kW) (whp)
1972	Std 250 CID Chevrolet I6 110 hp	L30 350 CID Pontiac V8 175 hp (130 kW)	L65 400 CID Pontiac V8 200 hp (150 kW)	L78 400 CID Pontiac V8 250 hp	LS5 455 CID Pontiac "H.O." V8 300 hp
1973	Std 250 CID Chevrolet I6 100 hp (75 kW)	L30 350 CID Pontiac V8 150–175 hp (112–130 kW)[a 3]	L65 400 CID Pontiac V8 170–185 hp (127–138 kW)[a 3]	L78 400 CID Pontiac V8 230 hp (170 kW)	L75 400 CID Pontiac V8 250 hp	LS2 455 CID Pontiac "SD" V8 290–310 hp (220–230 kW)[a 4]
1974	Std 250 CID Chevrolet I6 100 hp	L30 350 CID Pontiac V8 155–170 hp (116–127 kW)[a 5]	L65 400 CID Pontiac V8 190 hp (140 kW)	L78 400 CID Pontiac V8 200 hp	L75 400 CID Pontiac V8 250 hp	LS2 455 CID Pontiac "SD" V8 290 hp (220 kW)
1975	L22 250 CID Chevrolet I6 100 hp	L30 350 CID Pontiac V8 155 hp	L76 350 CID Pontiac V8 175 hp	L78 400 CID Pontiac V8 185 hp (138 kW)	L75 455 CID Pontiac "H.O." V8 200 hp[a 6]
1976	L22 250 CID Chevrolet I6 100 hp	L30 350 CID Pontiac V8 160 hp (120 kW)	L76 350 CID Pontiac V8 165 hp (123 kW)	L78 400 CID Pontiac V8 185 hp	L75 455 CID Pontiac "H.O." V8 200 hp
1977	LD 231 cu in (3.8 L) Buick V6 105 hp (78 kW)	L27 301 cu in (4.9 L) Pontiac V8 135 hp (101 kW)	L34 350 CID Pontiac V8 170 hp (130 kW)	L76 350 CID Oldsmobile V8 170 hp	L78 400 CID Pontiac V8 180 hp (130 kW)	W72 400 CID Pontiac V8 200 hp	L80 403 cu in (6.6 L) Oldsmobile V8 185 hp
1978	LD5 3.8 L (231 cu in) Buick V6[a 7] 105 hp	LG3 5.0 L (305 cu in) 5.0L Chevrolet V8 135 hp	LM1 5.7 L (350 cu in) V8[a 8] 170 hp (130 kW)	L78 6.6 L (400 cu in) Pontiac V8 185 hp	W72 6.6L Pontiac V8 220 hp (160 kW)	L80 6.6 L (403 cu in) Oldsmobile V8 185 hp
1979	LD5 3.8L Buick V6 105 hp	L27 4.9 L (301 cu in) Pontiac V8 135 hp	L37 4.9L Pontiac V8 150 hp	LG3 5.0L Chevrolet V8 135 hp or 150 hp	LM1 5.7L Chevrolet V8 170 hp	W72 6.6L Pontiac V8 220 hp	L78 6.6L Oldsmobile V8 185 hp
1980	LD5 3.8L Buick V6 105 hp	L37 4.9L Pontiac V8 140 hp (100 kW)	W72 4.9L Pontiac E/C V8 155 hp	LU8 4.9L Pontiac Turbo V8 210 hp (160 kW)	LG4 5.0L Chevrolet V8 150 hp
1981	LD5 3.8L Buick V6	LS5 4.3 L (265 cu in) Pontiac V8 140 hp (100 kW)	L37 4.9L Pontiac E/C V8 155 hp	LU8 4.9L Pontiac Turbo V8 210 hp (160 kW)	LG4 5.0L Chevrolet V8 150 hp

^[1]

Third generation (1982–1992)

Third generation
1989 20th Anniversary Turbo Trans Am convertible
Overview
Production	1982–1992
Assembly	Van Nuys, California, United States Norwood, Ohio, United States (1982–1987)
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door coupe 2-door convertible
Layout	FR layout
Platform	F-body
Related	Chevrolet Camaro (third generation)
Powertrain
Engine	151 cu in (2.5 L) Pontiac I4 173 cu in (2.8 L) GM 60° V6 191 cu in (3.1 L) GM 60° V6 231 cu in (3.8 L) Buick Turbo V6 305 cu in (5.0 L) Chevrolet V8 350 cu in (5.7 L) Chevrolet V8
Transmission	3-speed automatic 4-speed automatic 4-speed manual 5-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	101 in (2,565 mm)
Length	1990–92 Firebird: 195.1 in (4,956 mm) 1990–92 Trans Am: 195.2 in (4,958 mm) Pre-1988 Firebird: 190.5 in (4,839 mm) Pre-1988 Trans Am: 191.8 in (4,872 mm)
Width	72.4 in (1,839 mm)
Height	49.7 in (1,262 mm)

The availability and cost of gasoline (two fuel crises had occurred by this time) meant the weight and the fuel consumption of the 3rd generation had to be considered in the design. In F-body development, both the third generation Firebird and Camaro were proposed as possible front wheel drive platforms, but the idea was scrapped. The state of the art of computerized engine management was in its infancy, and as long as saving fuel was the primary objective, it was not possible to have high horsepower and torque numbers. They did manage to cut enough weight from the design so that acceleration performance would be better than the 1981 models. They also succeeded in the fuel consumption department, offering a 4-cylinder Firebird that would provide 34 miles per gallon.^[16] GM executives decided that engineering effort would best be spent on aerodynamics and chassis development. They created a modern platform, so that when engine technology advanced, they would have a well-balanced package with acceleration, braking, handling, and aerodynamics. For the time being, they would have world class aerodynamics and handling, and excellent fuel economy.

The Firebird and Camaro were completely redesigned for the 1982 model year, with the windshield slope set at 62 degrees, (about 3 degrees steeper than anything GM had ever tried before), and for the first time, a large, glass-dominated hatchback that required no metal structure to support it. Two concealed pop-up headlights, a first on the F-Body cars, were the primary characteristic that distinguished the 3rd Gen Firebird from both its Camaro sibling and its prior form (a styling characteristic carried into the 4th Gen's design). In addition to being about 500 pounds (230 kg) lighter than the previous 2nd Gen design, the 3rd Generation Firebird was the most aerodynamic product GM had ever released. Wind tunnels were used to form the new F-Body platform's shape, and Pontiac took full advantage of it. The aerodynamic developments extended to the finned aluminum wheels with smooth hubcaps and a functional rear spoiler.

Models

• Firebird Base
• Firebird S/E (1982-1986)
• Firebird Formula (1987-1992)
• Firebird Trans Am

Styles

Firebird-(I4/V6/V8)-Series 2FS (1982–86)
Firebird-(V6/V8)-Series 2FS (1987)
Firebird-Series 2F-(V6/V8) (1988)
Firebird Special Edition (S/E)-(V6/V8)-Series 2FX (1982–86)
Formula Firebird-(V8)-Series 2FS (1987)
Formula Firebird-Series F/S-(1982–87)
Firebird Trans Am-Series F/W-(V8) (1988)
Firebird Recaro Trans Am-(V8)-Series 2FW/Y84 (1982–84)
Firebird Trans Am GTA-(V8)-Series 2FW (1987)
Firebird Trans Am GTA-Series F/W-(V8) (1988)
Firebird 25th Anniversary Daytona 500 Limited Edition Trans Am-(V8)-Series 2FW (1983)
Firebird 15th Anniversary Trans Am-(V8)-Series 2FW (1984)^[17]

Engines

1982	LQ9 2.5 L (151 cu in) GM EFI I4 88 hp (66 kW)	LC1 2.83 L (173 cu in) Chevrolet V6 102 hp (76 kW)	LG4 5.00 L (305 cu in) Chevrolet V8 145 hp (108 kW)	LU5 Crossfire EFI 5.0L Chevrolet V8 165 hp (123 kW)
1983	LQ9 2.5L GM EFI I4] 88 hp (66 kW)	LC1 2.8L Chevrolet V6 102 hp (76 kW)	LL1 2.8L "HO" Chevrolet V6 125 hp (93 kW)	LG4 5.0L Chevrolet V8 145 hp (108 kW)	LU5 5.0L Chevrolet Crossfire EFI V8 165 hp (123 kW)	L69 5.0L "HO" Chevrolet V8 190 hp (140 kW)
1984	LQ9 2.5L GM EFI I4] 88 hp (66 kW)	LC1 2.8L Chevrolet V6 125 hp (93 kW)	LL1 2.8L "HO" Chevrolet V6 125 hp (93 kW)	LG4 5.0L Chevrolet V8 145 hp (108 kW)	L69 5.0L "HO" Chevrolet V8 190 hp (140 kW)
1985	LQ9 2.5L GM EFI I4] 88 hp (66 kW)	LB8 2.8L Chevrolet EFI V6 135 hp (101 kW)	LG4 5.0L Chevrolet V8 155 hp (116 kW)	L69 5.0L "HO" Chevrolet V8 190 hp (140 kW)	LB9 5.0L Chevrolet Tuned Port Injection V8 205 hp (153 kW)
1986	LQ9 2.5L GM EFI I4] 88 hp (66 kW)	LB8 2.8L Chevrolet EFI V6 135 hp (101 kW)	LG4 5.0L Chevrolet V8 160 hp (120 kW)	L69 5.0L "HO" Chevrolet V8 190 hp (140 kW)	LB9 5.0L Chevrolet Tuned Port Injection V8 190 hp (140 kW)	B2L 5.7 L (350 cu in) Chevrolet Tuned Port Injection V8 225 hp (168 kW)
1987	LB8 2.8L Chevrolet EFI V6 135 hp (101 kW)	LG4 5.0L Chevrolet V8 155 hp (116 kW)	LB9 5.0L Chevrolet Tuned Port Injection V8 205 hp (153 kW)	B2L 5.7L Chevrolet Tuned Port Injection V8 210 hp (160 kW)
1988	LB8 2.8L Chevrolet EFI V6 135 hp (101 kW)	LG4 5.0L Chevrolet V8 155 hp (116 kW)	LB9 5.0L Chevrolet Tuned Port Injection V8 190 hp (140 kW)	B2L 5.7L Chevrolet Tuned Port Injection V8 225 hp (168 kW)
1989	LB8 2.8L Chevrolet Multi Port Fuel Injection V6 135 hp (101 kW)	L03 5.0L Chevrolet Throttle Body Injection V8 150 hp (110 kW)	LB9 5.0L Chevrolet Tuned Port Injection V8 190 hp (140 kW)	B2L 5.7L Chevrolet Tuned Port Injection V8 225 hp (168 kW)

^[1]

Fourth generation (1993–2002)

Fourth generation
Overview
Production	1993–2002
Assembly	Sainte-Thérèse, Quebec
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door coupe 2-door convertible
Layout	FR layout
Platform	F-body
Related	Chevrolet Camaro (fourth generation)
Powertrain
Engine	3.4 L (207.5 cu in) L32 V6 3.8 L (231.9 cu in) Buick V6 5.7 L (347.8 cu in) LT1 V8 5.7 L (347.8 cu in) LS1 V8
Transmission	THM 4L60 4-speed automatic (1993) THM 4L60E 4-speed automatic (1994-2002) Borg Warner T-5 5-speed manual (V6 engine) Borg Warner T56 6-speed manual (V8 engine)
Dimensions
Wheelbase	101.1 in (2,568 mm)
Length	1993–1997 Firebird: 195.6 in (4,968 mm) 1998–2002 Firebird: 193.3 in (4,910 mm) 1993–1997 Trans Am: 197 in (5,004 mm) 1998–1999 Trans Am: 193.8 in (4,923 mm) 2000–2002 Trans Am: 193.7 in (4,920 mm)
Width	1993–1997: 74.5 in (1,892 mm) 1998–2002: 74.4 in (1,890 mm)
Height	1993–1999 Firebird 52 in (1,321 mm) 2000–2002 Firebird: 51.2 in (1,300 mm) 1993–1995 Trans Am: 51.7 in (1,313 mm) 1996–1999 Trans Am: 52 in (1,321 mm) 2000–2002 Trans Am: 51.8 in (1,316 mm) 1993-1999 Firebird Convertible: 52.7 in (1,339 mm) 2000–2002 Firebird Convertible 51.8 in (1,316 mm) 1994–1999 Trans Am Convertible: 52.4 in (1,331 mm)
Curb weight	3,440 lb (1,560 kg) (5.7L LS1 Coupe) 3,284 lb (1,490 kg) (5.7L LT1 Coupe)

The fourth-generation Firebird amplified the aerodynamic styling initiated by the previous generation. While the live rear axle and floorpan aft of the front seats remained largely the same, ninety percent of the Firebird's parts were all-new.^[18] Overall, the styling of the Firebird more strongly reflected the Banshee IV concept car than the 1991 "facelift" did. As with the Camaro, major improvements included standard dual airbags, four-wheel anti-lock brakes, 16-inch wheels, rack-and-pinion power steering, short/long-arm front suspension, and several non-rusting composite body panels. Throughout its fourth generation, trim levels included V6-powered Firebird, and V8-powered Formula and Trans Am. The T5 five-speed manual transmission was standard with the V6s, as was the Borg-Warner T56 six-speed manual for the V8s. A four-speed automatic was optional for both, featuring built-in electronic controls beginning in 1994.

1993-1997

From 1993 until 1995 (1995 non-California cars), Firebirds received a 160 hp (120 kW) 3.4 L V6, an enhanced version of the third-generation's 3.1 L V6. Beginning mid-year 1995 onward, a Series II 3.8 L V6 with 200 hp (150 kW) became the Firebird's sole engine. From 1993 to 1997, sole engine for the Formula and Trans Am was the 5.7 L LT1 V8, essentially identical to the LT1 in the C4 Corvette except for more flow-restrictive intake and exhaust systems. Steering wheel audio controls were included with optional uplevel cassette or compact disc stereo systems. Beginning in 1994, "Delco 2001"-series stereo systems replaced the previous Delco units.^[19]:898 This revised series, also introduced for other Pontiac car lines, featured ergonomically-designed control panels with larger buttons and an optional seven-band graphic equalizer. 1994 also marked the first year the fourth-generation convertible was available; every Firebird (and Camaro) convertible featured a glass rear window with a built-in electric defroster. The 1995 models were the same as those of previous years, but traction control (ASR: Acceleration Slip Regulation) was now available for LT1 Firebirds, controllable by a switch on the console. The steering wheel in all Firebirds was also changed; its optional built-in audio controls were more closely grouped on each side. The "Trans Am GT" trim level was dropped this year from the lineup after its model year run in 1994. For 1995, all Trans Ams received the 155-mph speedometer and Z-rated tires. 1995 was also the first year of the vented version of the Opti-Spark distributor on LT1 F-cars, addressing a common mechanical fault with the unit. The 'Transmission Perform' button was available only in the 1994 and 1995 Formula and Trans Am. This option was stopped for the 1996 and later models, but the connections remain for 1996 and 1997 Formula and Trans Am. While 1995 cars still used the OBD-I (On-Board Diagnostic) computer system (the last year of F-body to use OBD-I), a majority of them had OBD-II connector ports under the dash.
Firebird performance levels improved for 1996, with the establishment of the stronger 200-hp 3.8 L V6 as the new base engine, and the power rating of the LT1 increased to 285 in 1996, due to its new dual catalytic-converter exhaust system. 1996 was also the first year of the OBD-II computer system. Optional performance enhancements were available for each Firebird trim level; the Y87 Performance packages for V6s added mechanical features of the V8 setups, such as four-wheel disc brakes, faster-response steering, limited-slip rear differential, and dual tailpipes.^[19]:904 For Formulas and Trans Ams, functional dual-inlet "Ram Air" hoods returned as part of the WS6 performance package. The optional package boosted rated horsepower from 285 to 305, and torque from 325 lb·ft to 335. Also included were 17" x 9" wheels with 275/40ZR17 tires, suspension improvements, oval dual tailpipe tips, and a WS6 badge. Bilstein shocks were a further option with the package. The 1997 model year introduced standard air conditioning, daytime running lamps (utilizing the front turnsignal lamps), digital odometers, and optional 500-watt Monsoon cassette or compact disc stereo systems to all Firebird trim levels.^[19]:907 For V6 Firebirds, a W68 Sport Appearance Package was also introduced as a counterpart to the Camaro RS trim level. The WS6 "Ram Air" performance package was now also an option for the Formula and Trans Am convertibles, although these convertibles did not receive the 17-inch wheel-and-tire combination. There were 41 Formula convertibles and 463 Trans Am convertibles produced in 1997 with the WS6 package.

1998–2002

In 1998, as with Camaro, the Firebird received its mid-cycle refresh. Major changes included a new hood and front fascia with dual intakes, retracting quad halogen headlights, circular turnsignal and fog lamps, a front license plate pocket, lower fender air vents, unified-style lower door raised lettering for each trim level, and a new "honeycomb" rear light panel, with circular reverse lamps. In the dashboard, "Next Generation" reduced-force dual airbags became standard. As before, the Formula and Trans Am again received a close derivative of the Corvette's 5.7 L V8, the LS1 of the C5 Corvette, as the LT1 (and LT4) V8s were discontinued.^[19]:911 The LS1 Firebirds were also equipped with an aluminum driveshaft, replacing the previous steel version, while all Firebird trim levels gained four-wheel disc brakes with dual-piston front calipers and larger rotors at each wheel, complete with a solenoid-based Bosch anti-lock system. The Formula convertible was no longer offered. Beginning in 1999, a standard 16.8-gallon non-metallic fuel tank increased potential traveling range. GM's Acceleration Slip Regulation (ASR) traction control system was extended to the V6-powered Firebirds, and all LS1 (V8) and Y87 (V6) Firebirds also received a Zexel/Torsen II slip-reduction rear axle. An Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD) system replaced the old hydraulic proportioning valve for improved brake performance. An enhanced Sensing and Diagnostic Module (SDM) recorded vehicle speed, engine rpm, throttle position and brake use in the last five seconds prior to airbag deployment.^[19]:915 In 2000, a Hurst shifter for 6-speeds and a power steering cooler became options for LS1 Firebirds; later, in 2001, the WS6 performance package was available exclusively for Trans Am coupe and convertible models. For 2002, more convenience items such as power mirrors and power antenna became standard equipment, while cassette stereos were phased out.

Special Editions

Firehawk
The special-edition extra-performance Firehawk (available in Formula trim for 1993–1997, and again in both Formula and Trans Am trims for 1999-2002) was produced by SLP Engineering, Inc., and sold through Pontiac dealerships. Featuring 17-inch wheels with namesake Firestone Firehawk 275/40ZR17 tires along with a functional twin-inlet hood above a specific air cleaner box, its rated power increased to 300 hp (220 kW) and 330 lb·ft (445 Nm) of torque. Only 201 Firehawks were built for 1993. In 1994, the Firehawk package was expanded to include options for a suspension upgrade as well as a larger-diameter exhaust system that could boost power to 315 hp. T-top Formula coupes and convertibles could also be optioned as Firehawks beginning in 1995. For 1996 and 1997, the Firehawk gained rectangular driving lights mounted inside the front scoops and (except Firehawk convertibles) the Trans Am's elevated rear wing. In 1997, an LT4 Firehawk was also available, utilizing the same 330 hp, balanced-and-blueprinted LT4 V8 engine as found in the manual-transmission 1996 Corvette. Only 29 LT4-powered Firehawks were produced.
Power levels for the 1999 Firehawk, now powered by the LS1 V8, rose to 327 hp (330 in 2000, 335 in 2001, and 345 in late 2002 models equipped with the optional "Blackwing" intake). A 10th-Anniversary Firehawk was available in 2001, distinguished as a black Trans Am coupe with gold-painted hood stripes, gold 17-inch wheels, and gold tailpipe tips.
1994 Trans Am GT
In 1994 only, a "Trans Am GT" option was available. Trans Am GTs did not receive any special badging, graphics, or emblems, and looked externally identical to the base Trans Am cars. The GT package included 245/50ZR16 tires and a 155-mph speedometer. Non-GT optioned Trans Ams in 1994 received 235/55R16 tires, a 115-mph speedometer, and a much lower top-speed limiter. Contrary to popular belief, the "highrise spoiler", leather, and T-tops were not standard on the Trans Am GT cars in 1994, nor any year of LT1 Trans Am for that matter. RPO code T43 "Uplevel spoiler" was an option on all Trans Ams, and while a mass majority of 1994 Trans Am GT cars received the T43 spoiler (along with the majority of all 93-97 Trans Ams), it was not part of the Trans Am GT package. Both base Trans Ams and Trans am GTs could be ordered as hard top, t-top, or convertible cars and were both available with automatic or manual transmissions. While the GT package was a cost option on the 1994 Trans Am, a majority of 1994 Trans Ams were made with the GT package.
All of the 1994 Trans Am GT options became standard in 1995-2002 as part of the Trans Am package, and the GT name/package was dropped for 1995. Some of the early fourth-generation Trans Am and Formula Firebirds will list "GT" on the vehicle's title or registration. The reason behind this is because the VIN does not specify a "package" (Formula, Trans Am, Trans Am GT, Firehawk, etc.); it only specifies the engine (5.7L V8 LT1). Because the title is based on the VIN alone (which again does not specify trim), titles and registrations often list all of the packages, but it does not mean the car is equipped with any certain package. For instance, there is no such thing as a "Firebird Formula Trans Am GT", this is simply the title listing multiple possible trims because the VIN only specifies a V8 car. To decipher packages on a particular vehicle, the corresponding RPO codes can be found listed on a factory-applied label located on the rear side of the Firebird's driver's door.
1994 25th-Anniversary Trans Am
The 1994 model year marked the 25th anniversary of the Trans Am, and another Anniversary Edition was released, painted white with a single dark blue stripe down the center of the vehicle that was reminiscent of the 1970 Trans Am. It also featured white-painted, five-spoke, 16-inch alloy wheels, and white leather seats and door trim. This edition was available in either coupe or convertible form.
1999 30th-Anniversary Trans Am
As with the previous 25th-Anniversary edition, the 30th-Anniversary edition was either a white WS6 convertible or WS6 t-top coupe, albeit with twin dark blue stripes from hood to tail, and distinct blue anodized five-spoke 17-inch alloy A-mold wheels, with white leather seats and door trim.
2002 Collector's Edition Trans Am
For the Firebird's final year, a Collector's Edition Trans Am was released as either a yellow WS6 convertible or WS6 t-top coupe, with twin black stripes from hood to tail, black-painted five-spoke 17-inch alloy wheels, and further black-trimmed body details.

Engines

1993	3.4 L (207.5 cu in) L32 V6	5.7L 350 CID LT1 V8 (iron block, aluminum heads)
1994	3.4 L (207.5 cu in) L32 V6	5.7L 350 CID LT1 V8 (iron block, aluminum heads)
1995	3.4 L (207.5 cu in) L32 V6	3.8 L (231.9 cu in) L36 V6 (California Only)	5.7L 350 CID LT1 V8 (iron block, aluminum heads)
1996	3.8 L (231.9 cu in) L36 V6	5.7L 350 CID LT1 V8 (iron block, aluminum heads)
1997	3.8 L (231.9 cu in) L36 V6	5.7L 350 CID LT1 V8 (iron block, aluminum heads)	5.7L 350 CID LT4 V8 (iron block, aluminum heads) in Firehawk by SLP
1998	3.8 L (231.9 cu in) L36 V6	5.7L 346 CID LS1 V8 (aluminum block and heads)
1999	3.8 L (231.9 cu in) L36 V6	5.7L 346 CID LS1 V8 (aluminum block and heads)
2000	3.8 L (231.9 cu in) L36 V6	5.7L 346 CID LS1 V8 (aluminum block and heads)
2001	3.8 L (231.9 cu in) L36 V6	5.7L 346 CID LS1 V8 (aluminum block and heads)
2002	3.8 L (231.9 cu in) L36 V6	5.7L 346 CID LS1 V8 (aluminum block and heads)

Firebird Trans Am

Pontiac Firebird Trans Am
Overview
Manufacturer	General Motors
Production	1969–2002
Body and chassis
Class	Pony car, Muscle car
Body style	2-door convertible 1969, 1987–1989 Pontiac sanctioned special edition, 1991–1992, 1994–2002 2-door coupe 1969–2002
Layout	FR layout
Platform	F-body

The Trans Am was a specialty package for the Firebird, typically upgrading handling, suspension, and horsepower, as well as minor appearance modifications such as exclusive hoods, spoilers, fog lights and wheels. In using the name Trans Am, a registered trademark, GM agreed to pay $5 per car sold to the SCCA.^[20] Four distinct generations were produced between 1969 and 2002. These cars were built on the F-body platform, which was also shared by the Chevrolet Camaro.

Despite its name, the Trans Am was not initially used in the Trans Am Series, as its smallest engine exceeded the SCCA's five liter displacement limit.

The second generation was available from 1970 to 1981 and was featured in the 1977 movie Smokey and the Bandit, the 1978 movie Hooper, the 1979 movie Rocky II, and the 1980 movie Smokey and the Bandit II. The third generation, available from 1982 to 1992, was featured in the 1983 movie Smokey and the Bandit Part 3 and the 1984 movie Alphabet City. KITT, the automotive star, and its evil counterpart KARR, of the popular 1980s TV series Knight Rider, was a modified third-generation Trans Am. The fourth-generation Trans Am, available from model years 1993 to 2002, offered between 275 and 325 bhp (205 and 242 kW).

The Trans Am GTA (Gran Turismo Americano) was an options package available on the Firebird Trans Am which added gold 16-inch diamond-spoke alloy wheels, a mono-chromatic paint scheme and special cloisonné GTA badges. The GTA (along with the Formula model that was intended to fill the gap between the base model Firebird and mid-level Trans Am) was the brainchild of former Pontiac marketing manager Lou Wassel. It was intended to be the "ultimate" Trans Am and was the most expensive Firebird available. The GTA equipment package officially went on sale in 1987 and avoided a gas-guzzler tax thanks to its lightweight PW 16-inch gold cross-lace wheels. The high-performance WS6 suspension package was also re-tuned to offer a more compliant ride while still maintaining tight handling characteristics. Engine choices consisted of a L98 5.7 liter (350 ci) TPI (Tuned Port Injection) V8 mated to GM's corporate 700R4 automatic transmission or the 5.0 liter (305 ci) TPI V8. A five-speed manual was available but was mated to the 5.0 liter only. The GTA trim level was available from 1987 through the 1992 model year.

For 1989, the 20th Anniversary Turbo Trans Am project (originally conceived by Bill Owen of Pontiac) was outsourced to PAS, Inc., an engineering firm led by Jeff Beitzel. Beitzel and his team did most of the TTA development work. The 3.8 liter turbocharged V6 engines were built by PAS at their 40,000 square foot City of Industry, CA plant. From there, they went to GM's plant in Van Nuys, CA to be installed into GTAs on the F-Body assembly line. The cars were then shipped back to PAS for final assembly, testing, and quality control. Incidentally, the GTA chassis were selected at random, thus there is no correlation between the VIN and production sequence number. The initial number of cars to be produced had ranged from 500 to 2,500 until GM finally settled on 1,500. In all, a total of 1,555 Turbo Trans Ams were manufactured.

The 2002 model-year WS6 Trans Am produced 325 horsepower at 5,200 rpm and 350 lb-ft of torque at 4,000 rpm out of its 5.7-liter LS1 V8 engine.^[21] A completely-stock WS6 completed the ¼—mile in 13.16 seconds at 106.05 mph on Eagle F1 street tires.^[22]

Engines

First generation

1969

400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac Ram Air III V8 335 bhp (250 kW)

400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac Ram Air IV V8 345 bhp (257 kW)

400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac Ram Air V V8 (rare dealer-installed option) 500 bhp (370 kW)

Second generation

1970	400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac Ram Air III 345hp V8	400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac Ram Air IV 370hp V8	400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac Ram Air V V8 There are no known 1970 Trans Ams with the Ram Air V, no complete engines were ever sold or shipped to dealers, but the parts needed to build one could be ordered over-the-counter.[23]
1971	455 cu in (7.5 L) Pontiac H.O. V8
1972	455 cu in (7.5 L) Pontiac H.O. V8
1973	455 cu in (7.5 L) Pontiac V8	455 cu in (7.5 L) Pontiac S.D. V8
1974	400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac V8	455 cu in (7.5 L) Pontiac V8	455 cu in (7.5 L) Pontiac S.D. V8
1975	400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac V8	455 cu in (7.5 L) Pontiac V8 455-H.O. These cars came with a 455-H.O decal on the Shaker Hood Scoop but were not anywhere near the same engine as the 71-72 H.O.'s. They were standard production engines lifted from Pontiac's Station Wagon Line and transplanted straight into the T/A. Rated at ~ 200 HP. Pontiac did this to try to boost sales, and the engine was only available with the 4-speed manual transmission. Only 857 were built as it was a mid-year addition.[24]
1976	400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac V8	455 cu in (7.5 L) Pontiac V8 455 H.O. The only difference between this engine and the previous 1975 engine is the "H.O." was removed from the Shaker Hood scoop and simply said "455". Once again only available with the 4-speed manual transmission.A total of 7,099 were built this year's full production run.[25]
1977	403 cu in (6.6 L) Oldsmobile V8	400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac W72 V8
1978	403 cu in (6.6 L) Oldsmobile V8	400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac W72 V8
1979	301 cu in (4.9 L) Pontiac V8	403 cu in (6.6 L) Oldsmobile V8 (Automatic Only)	400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac W72 V8 (4-speed Only)These engines were actually 1978's that were stockpiled for '79. Pontiac ceased production of the 400 in 1978.
1980	301 cu in (4.9 L) Pontiac V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Chevrolet V8 (4-speed only)	301 cu in (4.9 L) Pontiac turbo V8
1981	301 cu in (4.9 L) Pontiac V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Chevrolet V8 301 cu in (4.9 L) Pontiac turbo V8

Third generation

From 1982 onward, all engines are Chevrolet sourced, unless stated otherwise.

1982	305 cu in (5.0 L) 4 barrel V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Cross-Fire Injection V8 (First year for fuel injection in Trans Am)
1983	305 cu in (5.0 L) 4 barrel V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Cross-Fire Injection V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) 4 barrel V8 H.O. (662 were made, all 5-speeds)
1984	305 cu in (5.0 L) 4 barrel V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) 4 barrel H.O. V8 (1500 anniversary edition models were made, 500 of them 5-speed)
1985	305 cu in (5.0 L) 4 barrel V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Tuned Port Injection V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) 4 barrel H.O. V8 H.O. (5-speed only)
1986	305 cu in (5.0 L) 4 barrel V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Tuned Port Injection V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) 4 barrel V8 H.O. (5-speed only)Only 69 were built.
1987	305 cu in (5.0 L) 4 barrel V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Tuned Port Injection V8	350 cu in (5.7 L) Tuned Port Injection V8
1988	305 cu in (5.0 L) Throttle Body Injection V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Tuned Port Injection V8	350 cu in (5.7 L) Tuned Port Injection V8
1989	305 cu in (5.0 L) Throttle Body Injection V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Tuned Port Injection V8	350 cu in (5.7 L) Tuned Port Injection V8	231 cu in (3.8 L) Buick Turbo V6
1990	305 cu in (5.0 L) Throttle Body Injection V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Tuned Port Injection V8	350 cu in (5.7 L) Tuned Port Injection V8
1991	305 cu in (5.0 L) Throttle Body Injection V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Tuned Port Injection V8	350 cu in (5.7 L) Tuned Port Injection V8
1992	305 cu in (5.0 L) Throttle Body Injection V8	305 cu in (5.0 L) Tuned Port Injection V8	350 cu in (5.7 L) Tuned Port Injection V8

Post Pontiac Trans Am

In 2012, General Motors signed a licensing deal with Trans Am Depot to use the Trans Am name and Pontiac logos in custom versions of new Trans Ams.^[26] Under this agreement, Trans Am Depot takes brand new model Chevrolet Camaros, strips them down to their basic components and rebuilds what looks like new Trans Ams.^[27] They make these in the designs of the 6T9 version Trans Am, 6T9 Goat ("GTO"),^[28][29] 7T7 Trans Am and the limited edition Hurst Trans Am.^[30][31]

Performance (Firebird / Firebird Trans Am)

Engine	Year(s)	Power	0–60 mph	Top Speed	Comments
400 cu in (6.6 L) Pontiac W72 V8	1979	220 bhp (160 kW)	8.2 s.		Trans Am model equipped with 400 4-speed manual[32]
305 cu in (5.0 L) LB9 V8	1989–1992	225 bhp (168 kW)	7.8 s.	> 140 mph (230 km/h)	Formula model equipped with N10/MM5/GM3 option codes[33]
350 cu in (5.7 L) L98 V8	1989–1992	235 bhp (175 kW)	6.2 s.	> 145 mph (233 km/h)	GTA model
231 cu in (3.8 L) Buick Turbo V6	1989	250 bhp (190 kW)	4.6 s.[34]	162 mph (261 km/h)[35]	20th Anniversary Trans Am Pace Car
5.7 L (347.8 cu in) LT1 V8	1993–1997	275–285 bhp (205–213 kW)	6.0 s.	155 mph (249 km/h) (electronically limited)
	1996–1997	305 bhp (227 kW)	5.6 s.	155 mph (249 km/h) (electronically limited)	Ram Air
5.7 L (347.8 cu in) LS1 V8	1998–2000	305 bhp (227 kW) (Trans Am), 320 bhp (240 kW) WS.6	5.1 s.	160 mph (260 km/h) (electronically limited)
	2001–2002	310 bhp (230 kW) (Trans Am), 325 bhp (242 kW) WS.6	4.7 s.	160 mph (260 km/h) (electronically limited)

Racing

Firebirds were used in the Trans-Am series in the 1960s and 1970s. When the Firebird Trans Am was released, there was controversy over the model's inability to compete in the Trans-Am because the smallest available engine was too large for use in the series at 400 cubic inches (6.6 liters). The name also caused controversy because it was used without permission from the SCCA, who threatened suit. GM settled the dispute by paying US$5 to the SCCA for every car sold. When the Trans-Am was last seen, model year 2002 Firebirds were in use. From 1996 to 2006, a WS6 Trans Am coupe provided the body style for the mechanically identical racing cars used in the International Race of Champions (IROC).

During the 1995, 1996, and 1997 NHRA seasons, 14-time Funny Car champion John Force used a Firebird body to replace the obsolete Oldsmobile Cutlass and Chevrolet Lumina body he had used since 1988. He used it for three seasons, winning the championship in all three years. The Firebird was also used by drivers such as Del Worsham, Tim Wilkerson, Frank Pedregon, and Jerry Toliver. The Firebird body also replaced the Oldsmobile Cutlass in the Pro Stock class in 1995, forcing drivers Warren Johnson, Jerry Eckman, and Mark Pawuk to replace their body styles for the 1996 year. None of them would win with the first year of the Firebird body, but Pro Stock driver Jim Yates, a second year driver, using the Firebird body, would.

Notes

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pontiac Firebird.

• Firebird Heritage official Pontiac site
• Pontiac Firebird at DMOZ
• Pontiac Firebird and Pontiac Trans Am at The Crittenden Automotive Library
• The Fire Chicken restoration project of 1987 Firebird
• New Pontiac Firebird Alleged new version of the Pontiac Firebird

Pontiac road car timeline, 1950s–1980 — next »
Type	1950s										1960s										1970s										1980s
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0
Subcompact																								Astre
																											Sunbird
																											Acadian
Compact												LeMans
												Tempest										Ventura II		Ventura				Phoenix			Phoenix
Mid-size															LeMans				LeMans					LeMans					LeMans
															Tempest									Grand Am					Grand Am
																				Custom S
Full-size				Pathfinder						Strato Chief		Strato Chief				Strato Chief
						Strato Chief			Strato Chief	Laurentian		Laurentian				Laurentian						Laurentian						Laurentian
									Laurentian	Parisienne		Parisienne				Parisienne / Grande Parisienne
	Chieftain					Chieftain			Chieftain	Catalina		Catalina				Catalina						Catalina						Catalina
							Super Chief		Super Chief	Super Chief	Ventura	Ventura					Ventura					Catalina Brougham							Parisienne
	Streamliner				Star Chief	Star Chief			Star Chief	Star Chief		Star Chief				Star Chief	Star Chief Executive	Executive				Bonneville						Bonneville
									Bonneville	Bonneville		Bonneville				Bonneville						Grand Ville				Grand Ville Brougham
Station wagon						Safari			Safari	Safari		Safari				Safari						Safari / Grand Safari						Safari / Grand Safari
Personal luxury													Grand Prix			Grand Prix				Grand Prix				Grand Prix					Grand Prix
Muscle car															GTO				GTO						GTO
																		Firebird			Firebird
Grand tourer																2+2			2+2
Red denotes models which were exclusive to Canada

« previous — Pontiac, a division of General Motors, automobile timeline, 1980s–2010
Type	1980s										1990s										2000s										2010
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0
Subcompact	Sunbird	T1000			1000				LeMans													Matiz/G2					Matiz/Matiz G2
	Acadian
						Sunburst
						Firefly				Firefly					Firefly	Firefly										Wave				G3
Compact			J2000	2000		Sunbird				Sunbird						Sunfire										Pursuit/G4/G5
									Tempest															Vibe						Vibe
	Phoenix					Grand Am							Grand Am							Grand Am						G6
Mid-size	LeMans		Bonneville						Grand Prix									Grand Prix							Grand Prix
	Grand Am		6000
Full-size	Laurentian
	Catalina
	Parisienne							Bonneville					Bonneville								Bonneville								G8
	Bonneville
Station wagon	Safari
Mid-size crossover																						Aztek					Torrent
Compact SUV															Sunrunner
Minivan											Trans Sport							Trans Sport/Montana								Montana SV6
Personal luxury	Grand Prix
Muscle car	Firebird		Firebird											Firebird											GTO
Sports					Fiero																						Solstice
Red denotes models which are exclusive to Canada
Green denotes models which are exclusive to Mexico