Picovirinae
| Picovirinae | |
|---|---|
| Virus classification | |
| Group: | Group I (dsDNA) |
| Order: | Caudovirales |
| Family: | Podoviridae |
| Subfamily: | Picovirinae |
| Genera[1] | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Picovirinae is a subfamily of viruses in the order Caudovirales, in the family Podoviridae. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are currently nine species in this subfamily, divided among 2 genera.[3][4]
Taxonomy
Group: dsDNA
- Family: Podoviridae
- Sub-Family: Picovirinae
- Genus: Ahjdlikevirus
- Staphylococcus phage 44AHJD
- Streptococcus phage C1
- Genus: Phi29likevirus
- Bacillus phage B103
- Bacillus phage GA-1
- Bacillus phage phi29
- Kurthia phage 6
- Genus: Unassigned
- Actinomyces phage Av-1
- Mycoplasma phage P1
- Streptococcus phage Cp-1
Two bacteriophages in this family have been found to infect and lyse Clostridium perfringens.[5] Another virus (Weissella phage phiYS61) that has been isolated is so unlike the known members that it may belong to a new genus.[6]
Structure
Viruses in Picovirinae are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and head-tail geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 54 nm. Genomes are linear, double stranded DNA, and are relatively small (between 16-20 kbp)-hence the term pico-virinae.[3]
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic Arrangement | Genomic Segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phi29likevirus | Head-Tail | T=3, Q=5 | Non-Enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
| Ahjdlikevirus | Head-Tail | T=4 | Non-Enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
Life Cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by adsorption into the host cell. Replication follows the DNA strand displacement model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Bacteria serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion. [3] They also use a typical protein primed DNA polymerase for replication, a property shared with the Tectiviridae family.
| Genus | Host Details | Tissue Tropism | Entry Details | Release Details | Replication Site | Assembly Site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phi29likevirus | Bacteria | None | Injection | Lysis | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Passive diffusion |
| Ahjdlikevirus | Bacteria: gram positive | None | Injection | Lysis | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Passive diffusion |
References
- ↑ "International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses". ictvonline.org. Virology Division of IUMS. 2014. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
- ↑ Lavigne, R.; Seto, D.; Mahadevan, P.; Ackermann, H. W.; Kropinki, A. M. (2008). "Unifying classical and molecular taxonomic classification: analysis of the Podoviridae using BLASTP-based tools". Research in Microbiology. 159 (5): 406–14. doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2008.03.005. PMID 18555669.
- 1 2 3 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
- 1 2 ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 1 July 2015.
- ↑ Volozhantsev NV, Oakley BB, Morales CA, Verevkin VV, Bannov VA, Krasilnikova VM, Popova AV, Zhilenkov EL, Garrish JK, Schegg KM, Woolsey R, Quilici DR, Line JE, Hiett KL, Siragusa GR, Svetoch EA, Seal BS (2012). "Molecular characterization of podoviral bacteriophages virulent for Clostridium perfringens and their comparison with members of the Picovirinae.". PLOS ONE. 7 (5): e38283. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038283. PMC 3362512
. PMID 22666499. - ↑ Kleppen HP, Holo H, Jeon SR, Nes IF, Yoon SS (2012) A novel bacteriophage of the Podoviridae family infecting Weissella cibaria isolated from kimchi. Appl Environ Microbiol doi:10.1128/AEM.00031-12