Petrolia, Ontario
| Petrolia | |
|---|---|
| Town (lower-tier) | |
| Town of Petrolia | |
 | |
| Nickname(s): Canada's Victorian Oil Town | |
  Petrolia | |
| Coordinates: 42°53′N 82°08.5′W / 42.883°N 82.1417°WCoordinates: 42°53′N 82°08.5′W / 42.883°N 82.1417°W | |
| Country |
 Canada |
| Province |
 Ontario |
| County | Lambton |
| Settled | 1866 |
| Incorporated | 25 December 1866 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | John McCharles |
| • Federal riding | Sarnia—Lambton |
| • Prov. riding | Sarnia—Lambton |
| Area[1] | |
| • Land | 12.68 km2 (4.90 sq mi) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Total | 5,528 |
| • Density | 435.8/km2 (1,129/sq mi) |
| Time zone | Eastern (EST) (UTC-5) |
| • Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| Postal code | N0N 1R0 |
| Area code(s) | 519 and 226 |
| Website | town.petrolia.on.ca |
Petrolia is a town in Ontario, Canada, near Sarnia. The town, an enclave within Enniskillen Township, is billed as "Canada's Victorian Oil Town" and is often credited with starting the oil industry in North America.[2]
Lambton Central Collegiate & Vocational Institute (LCCVI) is the only high school located in Petrolia.
History
In 1857 James Miller Williams of Hamilton began distilling some of the "tar" lying around Oil Springs (located a few kilometers south from Petrolia), after buying the property rights from Charles Nelson Tripp. In July or August 1858 he struck an oil deposit in Oil Springs while digging a shallow well, sparking the oil drilling industry. In 2008, the 150th anniversary of the discovery, Canada Post issued a stamp commemorating this first commercial oil well, featuring portraits of Charles Tripp and Williams.[3] However, these early wells resulted in a large amount of wastage from gushers, estimated at 5 million barrels (790,000 m3) of oil in 1862 alone.[4][5]
Petrolia got its start in 1866 when a major oil well was found, resulting in an oil boom that caused many to abandon Oil Springs in favour of this new settlement. The place separated from Enniskillen Township and was incorporated as a town on 25 December of that same year.[6]
Oil production went through several boom periods in Petrolia, one was in 1898 and another in 1938. Some wells sunk in 1938 were initially producing 100 barrels per day (16 m3/d) at a price of $2 per barrel. This output, however, often lasted only a few weeks, falling to less than a barrel a day.[7]
Oil men from Petrolia travelled to the far reaches of the world (Gobi Desert, Arctic, Iran, Indonesia, United States, Australia, Russia, and over 80 other countries) teaching others how to find and extract crude oil. Those born and raised in Petrolia are referred to as "Hard Oilers", paying tribute to the toughness of their ancestors. Petrolia is also home to the Petrolia Discovery museum. Some oil fields in the area are still operational to this day.
Media and entertainment
Petrolia is home to Victoria Hall, a National Historic Site of Canada.[8] Originally a fire hall, municipal office, police hall, jail and opera house, it was completed in 1889 for a total cost of $35 000. In January 1989, a fire caused extensive damage. It was subsequently restored, and re-opened in 1992. Currently it houses the town hall and Victoria Playhouse.[9]
Until September 2013, The Petrolia Topic was the sole newspaper in the town of Petrolia. It is owned by Osprey Media. In September 2013, The Independent of Petrolia & Central Lambton began being published.
The Oil Heritage District Community Centre was opened in Petrolia in 2006, after twenty years of campaigning by the group "The Oil Heritage District Community Centre Association" which was started in 1985. It was found to be on top of trace heavy metal deposits soon after its opening.[10] It serves rural and town residents in central Lambton County.
Climate
| Climate data for Petrolia | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.0 (59) |
21.0 (69.8) |
26.5 (79.7) |
31.5 (88.7) |
33.5 (92.3) |
39.5 (103.1) |
38.0 (100.4) |
38.0 (100.4) |
35.0 (95) |
29.4 (84.9) |
23.3 (73.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
39.5 (103.1) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −1.6 (29.1) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
5.7 (42.3) |
12.6 (54.7) |
19.8 (67.6) |
24.9 (76.8) |
27.4 (81.3) |
26.3 (79.3) |
22.2 (72) |
15.2 (59.4) |
7.6 (45.7) |
1.2 (34.2) |
13.2 (55.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.3 (22.5) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
1.0 (33.8) |
7.2 (45) |
13.8 (56.8) |
18.8 (65.8) |
21.5 (70.7) |
20.6 (69.1) |
16.6 (61.9) |
10.3 (50.5) |
3.9 (39) |
−2.2 (28) |
8.5 (47.3) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −9.0 (15.8) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
1.8 (35.2) |
7.7 (45.9) |
12.8 (55) |
15.5 (59.9) |
14.8 (58.6) |
11.0 (51.8) |
5.3 (41.5) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
3.5 (38.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −30.0 (−22) |
−27.0 (−16.6) |
−25.0 (−13) |
−13.0 (8.6) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
5.6 (42.1) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
−7.2 (19) |
−17.2 (1) |
−22.0 (−7.6) |
−30.0 (−22) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 68.3 (2.689) |
53.3 (2.098) |
66.1 (2.602) |
85.4 (3.362) |
79.2 (3.118) |
89.2 (3.512) |
76.0 (2.992) |
82.2 (3.236) |
97.5 (3.839) |
73.3 (2.886) |
84.6 (3.331) |
79.6 (3.134) |
934.6 (36.795) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 27.5 (1.083) |
29.5 (1.161) |
49.5 (1.949) |
81.5 (3.209) |
79.2 (3.118) |
89.2 (3.512) |
76.0 (2.992) |
82.2 (3.236) |
97.5 (3.839) |
72.6 (2.858) |
76.7 (3.02) |
50.5 (1.988) |
812.1 (31.972) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 40.7 (16.02) |
23.8 (9.37) |
16.6 (6.54) |
3.8 (1.5) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.6 (0.24) |
7.9 (3.11) |
29.0 (11.42) |
122.6 (48.27) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 15.6 | 12.4 | 13.5 | 14.6 | 11.5 | 11.7 | 10.8 | 11.7 | 11.5 | 12.9 | 14.5 | 14.9 | 155.8 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 5.9 | 5.9 | 9.6 | 14.0 | 11.5 | 11.7 | 10.8 | 11.7 | 11.5 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 8.9 | 127.1 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 10.8 | 7.4 | 5.3 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.13 | 2.7 | 7.9 | 35.6 |
| Source: Environment Canada[11] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
| Canada census – Petrolia, Ontario community profile | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | 2006 | 2001 | |
| Population: | 5528 (5.9% from 2006) | 5222 (7.7% from 2001) | 4849 (-1.2% from 1996) |
| Land area: | 12.68 km2 (4.90 sq mi) | 12.68 km2 (4.90 sq mi) | 12.68 km2 (4.90 sq mi) |
| Population density: | 435.8/km2 (1,129/sq mi) | 411.7/km2 (1,066/sq mi) | 382.3/km2 (990/sq mi) |
| Median age: | 40.3 (M: 37.8, F: 42.4) | 38.0 (M: 36.4, F: 39.7) | |
| Total private dwellings: | 2223 | 2082 | 1881 |
| Median household income: | $60,157 | $47,220 | |
| References: 2011[12] 2006[13] 2001[14] | |||
According to the Canada 2006 Census:[13]
- Average value of owned dwelling [Ontario]: $169,158 [$297,479]
- Median income - persons over 15 [Ontario]: $26,313 [$27,258]
- Median income - all census families [Ontario]: $71,762 [$69,156]
- Median income - couple households with children [Ontario]: $91,489 [$87,960]
Population trend:[13][12][14][15]
- Population in 2011: 5528
- Population in 2006: 5222
- Population in 2001: 4849
- Population in 1996: 4908
- Population in 1991: 4598
Notable people
- Donald Ferguson Brown, a former Canadian politician, barrister and lawyer.
- Dale Hunter, a retired professional hockey player, and current OHL coach of the London Knights; former head coach of the Washington Capitals.
- Mark Hunter, a retired professional hockey player and currently co-owner (with brother Dale Hunter), and general manager of the London Knights OHL hockey team.
- Dave Hunter, a retired professional ice hockey player who won three Stanley Cups with the Edmonton Oilers in the 1980s
- Michael Leighton, a professional ice hockey goaltender currently playing for the Carolina Hurricanes.
- John Van Boxmeer, a retired professional ice hockey player with the Montreal Canadiens who then transitioned to coaching at the professional level in both the NHL and Europe.
See also
References
- 1 2 "Petrolia census profile". 2011 Census of Population. Statistics Canada. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
- ↑ http://www.petroliaheritage.com/oilSprings.htm/
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 October 2012. Retrieved 2011-04-09.
- ↑ Gulless, Micky; Earle Gray; Robert Bott. "Petroleum History Society - Canadian Beginnings". The Petroleum History Society. Retrieved 7 February 2006.
- ↑ Gray, Earle (2008). "Gesner and Williams: two Canadians who launched the world's petroleum industry" (PDF). Retrieved 31 December 2008.
- ↑ "History of Oil Springs". The Village of Oil Springs. Retrieved 20111-02-23. Check date values in:
|access-date=(help) - ↑ Trestain, W.G. (15 July 1939). "unknown". The London Free Press.
- ↑ Victoria Hall / Petrolia Town Hall National Historic Site of Canada. Canadian Register of Historic Places.
- ↑ "About the Victoria Playhouse Petrolia".
- ↑ "The Oil Heritage District Community Centre Association celebrated for excellence" (PDF) (Press release). Foundation for Rural Living. 12 April 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 8 December 2008.
- ↑ "Petrolia Town, Ontario". Canadian Climate Normals 1971–2000 (in English and French). Environment Canada. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
- 1 2 "2011 Community Profiles". Canada 2011 Census. Statistics Canada. July 5, 2013. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
- 1 2 3 "2006 Community Profiles". Canada 2006 Census. Statistics Canada. March 30, 2011. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
- 1 2 "2001 Community Profiles". Canada 2001 Census. Statistics Canada. February 17, 2012. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
- ↑ Statistics Canada: 1996 census
External links
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