Orders of battle for Downfall

The units listed to participate in Operation Downfall—the Allied invasions of Japan— in about August 1945 were:

Order of Battle for Olympic

Allied

United States
- U.S. Sixth Army (Gen. Walter Krueger)
  - Yakushima and Koshikijima Islands — 40th Infantry Division (Brig. Gen. Donald Myers) (22,000 men)
  - Tanegashima — 158th Infantry Regiment (Brig. Gen. Hanford MacNider) (7,600 men)
  - Miyazaki — U.S. I Corps (Maj. Gen. Innis P. Swift) (95,000 men):
    - 25th Infantry Division, 33rd Infantry Division, 41st Infantry Division
  - Ariake — U.S. XI Corps (Maj. Gen. Charles P. Hall) (113,000 men):
    - 1st Cavalry Division, 43rd Infantry Division, Americal Division, 112th Cavalry Group
  - Kushikino — U.S. V Amphibious Corps (Maj. Gen. Harry Schmidt) (99,000 men):
    - 2nd Marine Division, 3rd Marine Division, 5th Marine Division
  - 6th Army reserves — U.S. IX Corps (Maj. Gen. Charles W. Ryder) (79,000 men):
    - 77th Infantry Division, 81st Infantry Division, 98th Infantry Division;
  - 11th Airborne Division (Maj. Gen. Joseph M. Swing) (15,000 men)
- U.S. Third Fleet (Adm. William F. Halsey):
  - 20 CV and CVL;
  - 9 BB;
  - 26 CB, CA, CL, CLAA;
  - 75 DD
- U.S. Fifth Fleet (Adm. Raymond A. Spruance):
  - 36 CVE;
  - 11 BB;
  - 26 CA and CL;
  - 387 DD and DE;
  - 394 AKA, AP, APA, APD, APH;
  - 977 LSD, LSM, LST, and LSV
- U.S. Seventh Fleet (Adm. Thomas C. Kinkaid):
- Far East Air Forces (Gen. George C. Kenney) (119,000 men):
  - Fifth, Seventh, Thirteenth Air Force
    - 14 bomber groups, 10 fighter groups
- U.S. Army Strategic Air Forces (Gen. Carl A. Spaatz, Maj. Gen. Curtis LeMay)
  - Twentieth Air Force (Lt. Gen. Nathan Twining) (77,000 men)
    - 1,000 B-29 Superfortresses
  - Eighth Air Force (Lt. Gen. Jimmy Doolittle)
British Commonwealth
- British Pacific Fleet (operating as part of Third Fleet):
  - 6 fleet and light fleet carriers
- Tiger Force (detached from RAF Bomber Command):
  - 480–580 Avro Lancaster bombers (about half to be used as tankers for in-flight refuelling)
- Australian First Tactical Air Force
  - 20 fighter/attack squadrons from the Royal Australian Air Force

Japan

Second General Army (Field Marshal Shunroku Hata)
- 16th Area Army [~US Army] (Lt. Gen. Yokoyama Isamu) (600,000 men)
  - Northern Kyūshū—56th Army [~US Corps] (Lt. Gen. Ichiro Shichida) ^[1]
    - 145th Div.
    - 312th Div.
    - 351st Div.
    - 124th IM Brig.
    - 57th Div. (20,000 men)
    - 4th Tank Brig.
  - Southeastern Kyūshū—57th Army (Lt. Gen. Nishihara Kanji) (150,000 men):
    - Tanegashima—109th IM Brig. (5,900 men)
    - Miyazaki—154th Div., 156th Div.; 212th Div.^[1] (55,000 men)
    - Ariake—86th Div., 98th IM Brig., 1 reg., 3 inf. bat. (29,000 men)
    - 25th Div., 5th Tank Brig., 6th Tank Brig.^[1]
  - Southwestern Kyūshū—40th Army (Lt. Gen. Nakazawa Mitsuo) (85,000 men):
    - 303rd Div. (12,000 men) (Sendai)
    - 206th Div. (Fukiage)
    - 146th Div., 125th IM Brig. (S. Satsuma Peninsula)
    - 77th Div.^[1] 1 tank reg.
  - 216th Div.^[1] 4 brig.
Air General Army (Gen. Masakazu Kawabe)
- Sixth Air Army — Kyūshū
  - 5,000 aircraft assigned as kamikazes, 5,000 aircraft available for kamikaze service, 7,000 aircraft in need of repair
- 100 Koryu-class midget submarines, 250 Kairyu-class midget submarines, 1,000 Kaiten manned torpedoes, 800 Shinyo suicide boats

Order of Battle for Coronet

Allied

United States
- U.S. First Army (Gen. Courtney H. Hodges):
- U.S. Eighth Army (Lt. Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger):
- Army Forces Pacific Reserve:
  - 97th Infantry Division
  - Follow-on corps:
    - 2nd Infantry Division, 28th Infantry Division, 35th Infantry Division
  - Follow-on corps:
    - 91st Infantry Division, 95th Infantry Division, 104th Infantry Division
  - 11th Airborne Division,
British Commonwealth
- Commonwealth Corps, (Lt. Gen. Charles Keightley):
  - - British 3rd Infantry Division, 6th Canadian Infantry Division, Australian 10th Division

Japan

All Japanese formations on Honshu were badly understrength and lacking in equipment. The American First Army's landings would likely have been opposed by the Japanese 52nd Army and the Eighth Army's landings by the Japanese 53rd Army.

First General Army (Field Marshal Hajime Sugiyama
- Twelfth Area Army (Gen. Shizuichi Tanaka)
  - 36th Army - Urawa, Saitama
    - 81st Infantry Division
    - 93rd Infantry Division
    - 201st Infantry Division
    - 202nd Infantry Division
    - 206th Infantry Division
    - 214th Infantry Division
    - 1st Armored Brigade
    - 4th Armored Brigade
  - 51st Army - Tsuchiura, Ibaraki
    - 44th Infantry Division - Ogawa
    - 151st Infantry Division - Mito
    - 221st Infantry Division - Kashima
    - 115th Independent Mixed Brigade -　Shibasaki
    - 116th Independent Mixed Brigade - Hokota
    - 7th Independent Armored Brigade - Ogawa
  - 52nd Army - Sakura, Chiba
    - 3rd Imperial Guards Division - Naruto
    - 147th Infantry Division - Mobara
    - 152nd Infantry Division - Choshi
    - 234th Infantry Division - Sōsa
    - 3rd Independent Armored Brigade
    - 8th Artillery Headquarters
  - 53rd Army - Isehara, Kanagawa
    - 84th Infantry Division -Odarawa
    - 140th Infantry Division - Kamakura
    - 316th Infantry Division - Isehara
    - 117th Independent Mixed Brigade - Numazu
    - 2nd Independent Armored Brigade - Tsudanuma
    - 11th Artillery Headquarters - Hiratsuka
  - Tokyo Bay Garrison - Choshi, Chiba
  - 321st Infantry Division - Tokyo

Notes

1 2 3 4 5 The majority of these units (86,000 men total) would have been ordered to counterattack at Ariake, though it is questionable how many of the tanks would have been able to survive an air attack.

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